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1.
Rev. Inst. Adolfo Lutz ; 71(1): 44-49, jan.-mar. 2012. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, SES-SP, SESSP-CTDPROD, SES-SP, SESSP-ACVSES, SESSP-IALPROD, SES-SP, SESSP-IALACERVO | ID: lil-680458

ABSTRACT

Os danos causados por fungos em grãos de milho consistem na redução da qualidade nutritiva e interferência na classificação comercial, representando um risco para a segurança alimentar. Com o objetivo de identificar e quantificar os fungos detectados e verificar a ocorrência de aflatoxinas em grãos de milho armazenados, foram analisadas 84 amostras, referentes às safras 2009 e 2010, provenientes de diferentes municípios localizados nas regiões Norte, Sul, Leste e Oeste do estado de Mato Grosso. A determinação dos fungos foi realizada por meio da técnica de incubação em papel filtro (Blottertest), e a detecção e quantificação das aflatoxinas por cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência (CLAE). Foram identificados os gêneros dos fungos Fusarium, Aspergillus, Penicillium, Cladosporium, Nigrospora, Epicocum, Rhizopus, Cercospora e Curvularia. Os grãos de milho apresentaram contaminação fúngica principalmente por Fusarium, Aspergillus e Penicillium em ambas as safras analisadas. Nas 84 amostras analisadas, a ocorrência de aflatoxinas foi evidenciada em 19,04% das amostras da safra 2009, e 23,80% da safra 2010 apresentaram contaminação cujos valores variaram de 1 μg/kg a 108,7 μg/kg.


Subject(s)
Aflatoxins , Fungi , Mycotoxins , Zea mays
2.
Rev. bras. entomol ; 47(4): 625-630, dez. 2003. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-388784

ABSTRACT

This experiment was carried out in order to evaluate the effect of Sitophilus zeamais on physical, physiological and sanitary quality of stored corn. Samples of 500 g of the hybrid OC-705, in three replicates, were conditioned in glasses covered with a screened lid, and kept in chamber at 25±2°C, 70±5 percent RH and 12 h of photophase, for 150 days. The infestation levels were 0, 5, 15 and 50 adults/replicate, for the storage periods of 30, 60, 90, 120 and 150 days. The moisture content, classification, weight loss, germination and internal infestation were evaluated monthly. Significant inverse correlations were verified between the number of insects and both the germination and the weight loss; also between the internal infestation and the germination and the standard type. The presence of S. zeamais showed a positive correlation with the weight loss, what means that the internal and external infestations contribute to the reduction of physiological and physical quality of corn seeds. The mean dry matter loss was 0,36 percent/day, corresponding to a consumption of 0,0001 percent/insect/month. As the result of those damages, the product suffered reduction of the commercial grade in 30 days, with significant loss in all quality factors.


Subject(s)
Animals , Weevils , Zea mays , Quality Control
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