ABSTRACT
Rectal temperature, heart and respiratory rates, and the course of some blood parameters were monitored in calves during perinatal and neonatal periods. The study was carried out on eight Limousine calves. From all subjects, rectal temperature, heart rate, and respiratory rate were measured. Blood samples were taken at the same hour (9am) from the external jugular vein, and then centrifuged and stored until analyses. By means of an UV spectrophotometer, the following blood parameters were assessed for each subject: total protein, total cholesterol, triglycerides, glucose, non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA), urea, creatinine, cholinesterase, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), hydroxybutirate, glutamate pyruvate transaminases (GPT), glutamate oxalacetate transaminases (GOT), direct and total bilirubin, magnesium, iron, potassium, phosphorus, chloride and sodium. The results showed a significant effect of days of life (P<0.05) only on total cholesterol, creatinine and GOT during the first week of life and a significant effect of days of life on rectal temperature, heart rate, respiratory rate, total cholesterol, NEFA, creatinina, and GOT during the first month of life. A correlation among individual values for postnatal age (days of life) and heart rate in calves during the first month of life was observed. In conclusion, modifications of studied parameters could be attributed to functional development of calves in neonatal period and contribute to the knowledge of adaptation processes in calf during the first week and the first month of life resulting useful for the diagnosis and treatment of any neonatal diseases.
Realizou-se o monitoramento da temperatura retal das frequências cardíaca e respiratória e de alguns parâmetros sanguíneos em oito bezerros da raça Limousine, durante o período perinatal e neonatal. Paralelamente às mensurações da temperatura retal e das frequências cardíaca e respiratória (9h), foram pesquisados, por meio de espectrofotômetro de UV, proteína total, colesterol total, triglicérides, glicose, ácidos graxos não esterificados (NEFA), ureia, creatinina, colinesterose, lactato desidrogenase (LDH), hidroxibutirato, glutamato piruvato transaminases (GOT), direta e total bilirrubina, magnésio, fósforo, cloretos e sódio. Os resultados mostraram efeito significativo dos dias de vida (P<0,05) somente sobre o colesterol total, creatinina e GOT, durante a primeira semana e um significante efeito de dias de vida sobre a temperatura retal, as frequências cardíaca e respiratória, colesterol total, NEFA, creatina e GOT durante o primeiro mês de vida. Observou-se correlação entre os valores individuais para dias de vida e frequência cardíaca durante o primeiro mês de vida. Conclui-se que as modificações desses parâmetros podem ser atribuídas ao desenvolvimento dos bezerros no período neonatal, contribuindo para o conhecimento do processo de adaptação, em bezerros, durante a primeira semana e o primeiro mês de vida.
Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Female , Infant, Newborn , Cattle , Blood Chemical Analysis/veterinary , Body Temperature , Growth and Development/physiology , Monitoring, Physiologic/veterinary , Cattle/physiology , Spectrophotometry, UltravioletABSTRACT
The maturation of nitrogen metabolism was studied in six Thoroughbred and six Arabian foals. Rectal temperature, heart and respiratory rates and serum concentration of several hematochemical parameters (total protein, urea, uric acid, creatinine, and albumine) were monitored from birth to 5 months of age. In both breeds, all the parameters except albumine showed significant differences over time (P<0.05). The two breeds did not differ from each other at any time point. Statistically significant decreases in urea and creatinine concentrations were related to the growth needs of foals during this critical period of development.
A maturação do metabolismo do nitrogênio foi estudada em seis potros da raça Puro-Sangue Inglês e seis da raça Arabe. A temperatura retal, batimento cardíaco e concentração sérica de várias características hematoquímicos (proteína total, uréia, ácido úrico, creatinina e albumina) foram investigadas do nascimento aos cinco meses de idade. Em ambas as raças, todas as características, exceto a albumina, mostraram diferenças significativas ao longo da maturação (P<0,05). As duas raças não diferiram uma da outra durante os períodos de vida equivalentes. Reduções significativas das concentrações de uréia e creatinina mostraram as necessidades de crescimento dos potros durante esse período crítico de desenvolvimento.
Subject(s)
Horses/growth & development , Horses/metabolism , Horses/blood , Modalities, Physiological , Body Temperature/physiologyABSTRACT
The authors conducted an electrocardiographic investigation on eight jumpers of Sella Italiana breed to evaluate cardiovascular changes associated with specific competitions. Electrocardiographic recordings were carried out using an electrocardiograph with a deflection of 10 mm/mV and a paper speed of 25 mm/sec. Recordings were conducted under the following experimental conditions: at rest, after warm up, after a jumping trial, and 15 and 30 minutes after the end of the trial. Significant reductions were observed in the duration of the P wave, of the P-Q interval, and of the R-R intervals immediately after the test. Significant elevations were observed immediately after the test in the range of the T and P waves of the heart rate. The observed changes can be attributed mainly to increase of the sympathetic tone connected with increase of heart rate necessary to satisfy the elevation of the cardiac range. These results are useful to plan and monitor specific training programmes.