ABSTRACT
ABSTRACT Over the years, vaccinations have provided significant advances in public health, because they substantially reduce the morbimortality of vaccine-preventable diseases. Nevertheless, many people are still hesitant to be vaccinated. Brazil is a region of many anti-vaccine movements, and several outbreaks of vaccine-preventable diseases, such as yellow fever and measles, have occurred in the country during the last few years. To avoid new outbreaks, immunization coverage must be high; however, this is a great challenge to achieve due to the countless anti-vaccine movements. The World Health Organization has suggested new actions for the next decade via the Immunization Agenda 2030 to control, reduce, or eradicate vaccine-preventable diseases. Nonetheless, the vaccination coverage has decreased recently. To resolve the anti-vaccine issue, it is necessary to propose a long-term approach that involves innovative education programs on immunization and critical thinking, using different communication channels, including social media. Cooperation among biology and health scientists, ethicists, human scientists, policymakers, journalists, and civil society is essential for an in-depth understanding of the social action of vaccine refusal and planning effective education measures to increase the vaccine coverage.
ABSTRACT
O objetivo do estudo foi analisar e comparar os efeitos agudosde dois recursos fisioterapêuticos nos parâmetros cardiovasculares erespiratórios em pacientes no pós-operatório de revascularização miocárdica.Métodos: A amostra foi constituída de 20 pacientes que foram divididosem: Grupo 1 - submetido à ventilação mecânica não invasiva com pressãopositiva contínua (VMNI/CPAP) - e Grupo 2 - submetido ao incentivadorrespiratório a volume (IR). Os pacientes foram avaliados antes, durante eapós o protocolo quanto aos parâmetros cardiorrespiratórios: frequênciarespiratória (FR), frequência cardíaca (FC), saturação de oxigênio (SpO2) epressão arterial (PA) e duplo produto (DP). Os resultados foram expressosem média ± desvio padrão. Resultados: O Grupo 1 obteve média de idadede 66 ± 10,30 anos, tempo de circulação extracorpórea (CEC) 91,4 ± 18,22minutos. O Grupo 2 obteve média de idade de 63,2 ± 4,18 anos, tempo deCEC 83,6 ± 10,12 minutos. Ao comparar os dois grupos, a VMNI apresentouefeito significativo na SpO2 aos 5 minutos e aos 10 minutos de aplicação datécnica. Efetuando a análise isolada de ambos os grupos, apenas a VMNIapresentou diferença significativa na SpO2 quando comparada a avaliação deantes da técnica aos 5 minutos (p = 0,0154) e aos 10 minutos com o término dotratamento (p = 0,0278). Conclusão: Nesta amostra, os recursos terapêuticosaplicados demonstraram resultados similares em relação ao comportamentohemodinâmico, o que demonstra que na fase I de reabilitação são técnicasseguras e que podem ser indicadas para reversão ou prevenção das possíveiscomplicações pulmonares...
The objective of this study was to analyze and compare the acute effectsof two different therapeutic procedures in the cardio-respiratory parameters formyocardium revascularization in post-surgery patients. Methods: Twenty patientshave been divided into: Group 1 submitted to continuous non-invasive ventilationwith continuous pressure (NIMV/CPAP) and Group 2 has been submitted toincentive spirometry by volume (IR). Patients were evaluated before, duringand after the protocol procedures of cardio-respiratory parameters: respiratoryfrequency (RF), heart rate (HR), oxygen saturation (SpO2) and arterial pressure(AP) and double product (DP). Results are expressed in average ± standarddeviation. Results: Group 1 had the average age of 66- +10.30, extra-corporealcirculation time (ECC) 91.4 + 18.33 minutes. Group 2 had average age of63.2 ± 4.18, ECC time of 83.6 ± 10.12 minutes. When two groups were compared,NIMV presented a significant effect in SpO2 at 5 minutes and at 10 minutes aftertechniques were applied. By performing isolated analysis of both groups, onlyNIMV presented significant deviation as compared to the evaluation previouslymade at 5 minutes (p = 0,0154) and the difference at 10 minutes at the end of thetreatment in a significant way (p = 0,0278). Conclusion: The therapeutic resourcesapplied in the study demonstrated similar results in relation to hemodynamicbehavior, proving that in phase I of the treatment, the techniques are secure andcan be indicated to reverse or prevent possible pulmonary complications...