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1.
Braz. j. med. biol. res ; 35(5): 589-598, May 2002. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-308273

ABSTRACT

We determined and analyzed risk factors of hepatitis C virus (HCV)-infected Brazilian hemophiliacs according to their virological, clinical and epidemiological characteristics. A cross-sectional and retrospective study of 469 hemophiliacs was carried out at a Brazilian blood center starting in October 1997. The prevalence of HCV infection, HCV genotypes and factors associated with HCV RNA detection was determined. The seroprevalence of anti-HCV antibodies (ELISA-3.0) was 44.6 percent (209/469). Virological, clinical and epidemiological assessments were completed for 162 positive patients. There were seven (4.3 percent) anti-HCV seroconversions between October 1992 and October 1997. During the same period, 40.8 percent of the positive anti-HCV hemophiliacs had abnormal alanine transaminase (ALT) levels. Plasma HCV RNA was detected by nested-RT-PCR in 116 patients (71.6 percent). RFLP analysis showed the following genotype distribution: HCV-1 in 98 hemophiliacs (84.5 percent), HCV-3 in ten (8.6 percent), HCV-4 in three (2.6 percent), HCV-2 in one (0.9 percent), and not typeable in four cases (3.4 percent). Univariate analysis indicated that older age (P = 0.017) and abnormal ALT levels (P = 0.010) were associated with HCV viremia, while the presence of inhibitor antibodies (P = 0.024) and HBsAg (P = 0.007) represented a protective factor against the presence of HCV RNA. These findings may contribute to a better understanding of the relationship between HCV infection and hemophilia


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Hemophilia A , Hepatitis C , Brazil , Cross-Sectional Studies , Genotype , Hemophilia A , Hepacivirus , Hepatitis C , Prevalence , Retrospective Studies , Risk Factors , RNA, Viral
2.
Arq. bras. med. vet. zootec ; 53(5): 531-537, out. 2001. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-307904

ABSTRACT

Determinou-se a concentraçäo mínima inibitória (CMI) de ampicilina, cefalotina, eritromicina, gentamicina, neomicina, norfloxacina, oxacilina, penicilina G, tetraciclina e tilosina para 112 amostras de Staphylococcus aureus isoladas de infecçöes intramamárias bovina, em 33 rebanhos leiteiros da Zona da Mata do Estado de Minas Gerais. Foram isoladas 24 amostras de infecçäo clínica, 66 de subclínica e 22 de infecçäo crônica. As amostras de infecçäo crônica foram isoladas repetidas vezes dos mesmos quartos mamários de nove vacas de um rebanho, no período de 13 meses. A CMI foi realizada em ágar Mueller Hinton, com concentraçöes entre 0,015 e 128µgml elevado a -1 de cada antimicrobiano. As amostras da American Type Culture Collection (ATCC) recomendadas para controle de qualidade S. aureus ATCC 29213, Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 e Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853, foram incluídas em cada teste. Cem por cento das amostras foram susceptíveis à cefalotina, eritromicina, gentamicina, norfloxacina e oxacilina, 91 por cento à tetraciclina (CMI50 (subscrito): 0,5µgml elevado a -1) e à tilosina (CMI50 (subscrito): 2,0µgml elevado a -1), 65 por cento à ampicilina (CMI50 (subscrito): 0,125µgml elevado a -1) e à penicilina G (CMI50 (subscrito): 0,06µgml elevado a -1). Todas foram susceptíveis neomicina (CMI50 (subscrito): 0,5µgml elevado a -1) exceto uma amostra que apresentou um padräo intermediário. O nível de resistência para ampicilina e penicilina foi maior nas amostras isoladas de casos clínicos e nas de infecçäo subclínica com escores positivos no CMT (P<0,02). Nas isoladas de infecçäo clínica, o nível de resistência à tilosina foi maior (P<0,02). As amostras que apresentaram CMI>=0,125µgm1 elevado a -1 para penicilina foram positivas para produçäo de ß-lactamase


Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Cattle , Anti-Bacterial Agents , beta-Lactamases , Mastitis, Bovine , Microbial Sensitivity Tests , Staphylococcus aureus
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