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2.
Braz. j. med. biol. res ; 46(2): 171-177, 01/fev. 2013. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-668779

ABSTRACT

Sex hormones modulate the action of both cytokines and the renin-angiotensin system. However, the effects of angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE) on the proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokine levels in male and female spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) are unclear. We determined the relationship between ACE activity, cytokine levels and sex differences in SHR. Female (F) and male (M) SHR were divided into 4 experimental groups each (n = 7): sham + vehicle (SV), sham + enalapril (10 mg/kg body weight by gavage), castrated + vehicle, and castrated + enalapril. Treatment began 21 days after castration and continued for 30 days. Serum cytokine levels (ELISA) and ACE activity (fluorimetry) were measured. Male rats exhibited a higher serum ACE activity than female rats. Castration reduced serum ACE in males but did not affect it in females. Enalapril reduced serum ACE in all groups. IL-10 (FSV = 16.4 ± 1.1 pg/mL; MSV = 12.8 ± 1.2 pg/mL), TNF-α (FSV = 16.6 ± 1.2 pg/mL; MSV = 12.8 ± 1 pg/mL) and IL-6 (FSV = 10.3 ± 0.2 pg/mL; MSV = 7.2 ± 0.2 pg/mL) levels were higher in females than in males. Ovariectomy reduced all cytokine levels and orchiectomy reduced IL-6 but increased IL-10 concentrations in males. Castration eliminated the differences in all inflammatory cytokine levels (IL-6 and TNF-α) between males and females. Enalapril increased IL-10 in all groups and reduced IL-6 in SV rats. In conclusion, serum ACE inhibition by enalapril eliminated the sexual dimorphisms of cytokine levels in SV animals, which suggests that enalapril exerts systemic anti-inflammatory and anti-hypertensive effects.


Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Male , Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors/pharmacology , Enalapril/pharmacology , Hypertension/blood , /blood , /blood , Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/blood , Blood Pressure/drug effects , Blood Pressure/physiology , Hypertension/physiopathology , Ovariectomy , Rats, Inbred SHR , Sex Factors
4.
Genet. mol. res. (Online) ; 5(4): 664-687, 2006. graf, ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-482088

ABSTRACT

Proper morphology is essential for the ability of Candida albicans to switch between yeast and hyphae and thereby sustain its virulence. Here we identified, by differential screening, a novel C. albicans AAA ATPase encoding gene, CaYLL34 (RIX7), with enhanced expression in hyphae. Phylogenetic analysis suggests that CaYLL34 belongs to a [quot ]VCP-like[quot ] subgroup of AAA ATPases essential for yeast viability and contains a bipartite nuclear localization signal. Inactivation of one copy of CaYLL34, by the URA-Blaster method, generated the heterozygous mutant strain M61. This strain has severe phenotypic alterations, such as a highly increased vacuole, abnormal cell shape and reduced growth in different conditions. Also, major pathogenicity factors are affected in M61, for instance, a significant decrease of hypha formation (>90%), surface biofilm adhesion (86%) and secreted aspartyl proteinase activity (76.5%). Our results show that the partial impairment of CaYll34p cellular levels is sufficient to affect the proper cellular morphology and pathogenicity factors and suggest that this protein is required for biogenesis of ribosomal subunits. Accordingly, we propose that the product of CaYLL34 could be tested as a novel target for antifungal drugs.


Subject(s)
Adenosine Triphosphatases/genetics , Biofilms/growth & development , Candida albicans/genetics , Aspartic Acid Endopeptidases/metabolism , Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins/genetics , Base Sequence , Candida albicans/enzymology , Candida albicans/growth & development , Hyphae/enzymology , Hyphae/genetics , Hyphae/growth & development , Molecular Sequence Data , Mutation , Phylogeny , Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction , Sequence Analysis, DNA
5.
Rev. med. nucl. Alasbimn j ; 7(29)july 2005. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-444071

ABSTRACT

La pesquisa adecuada del tromboembolismo pulmonar (TEP) tiene importancia en el manejo terapéutico y en el pronóstico de los pacientes. El cintigrama de ventilación y perfusión (VQ) es un método bien establecido en la evaluación de esta patología. La concordancia interobservador puede ser bastante variable y debieran minimizarse las discordancias dentro de un mismo grupo. Objetivo: Conocer la concordancia entre observadores formados en nuestro centro y correlacionarlos con el informe oficial emitido con los antecedentes clínicos y radiológicos. Método: Se analizaron retrospectivamente 401 estudios de 382 pacientes con sospecha de TEP de diferente probabilidad clínica, informados por 6 observadores independientes con distinta experiencia. Se realizó lectura en forma ciega informando como alta, baja o intermedia probabilidad de TEP, basado en la experiencia individual y en criterios PIOPED modificados. Se aplicó kappa ponderado. Resultados: En los informes existió 27.2 por ciento de alta probabilidad de TEP, 5.5 por ciento fueron intermedia o indeterminada y 67.3 por ciento de baja probabilidad, casi normal o normal. La concordancia entre los observadores varió entre 72.6 y 86 por ciento con variación de índice kappa entre 0.582 y 0.743. La correlación con el informe emitido varió entre 74.3 y 81.8 por ciento y (k: 0.582 y 0.675). Hubo mayor concordancia entre los observadores con mayor experiencia. Conclusión: En nuestro centro existe una excelente concordancia interobservador con buenos índices kappa en la interpretación ciega de los VQ solicitados por TEP. Este ejercicio además, sirvió como entrenamiento práctico para los residentes del centro.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adolescent , Adult , Female , Child, Preschool , Child , Middle Aged , Pulmonary Circulation , Pulmonary Embolism , Ventilation-Perfusion Ratio , Data Interpretation, Statistical , Pulmonary Embolism/physiopathology , Retrospective Studies , Single-Blind Method , Probability , Radiopharmaceuticals , Sensitivity and Specificity , Observer Variation
6.
Braz. j. med. biol. res ; 38(6): 861-868, June 2005. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-402675

ABSTRACT

A continuous assay using internally quenched fluorescent peptides with the general sequence Abz-peptidyl-(Dnp)P-OH (Abz = ortho-aminobenzoic acid; Dnp = 2,4-dinitrophenyl) was optimized for the measurement of angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE) in human plasma and rat tissues. Abz-FRK(Dnp)P-OH, which was cleaved at the Arg-Lys bond by ACE, was used for the enzyme evaluation in human plasma. Enzymatic activity was monitored by continuous recording of the fluorescence (lambdaex = 320 nm and lambdaem = 420 nm) at 37°C, in 0.1 M Tris-HCl buffer, pH 7.0, with 50 mM NaCl and 10 æM ZnCl2. The assays can be performed directly in the cuvette of the fluorimeter and the hydrolysis followed for 5 to 10 min. ACE measurements in the plasma of 80 healthy patients with Hip-His-Leu and with Abz-FRK(Dnp)P-OH correlated closely (r = 0.90, P < 0.001). The specificity of the assay was demonstrated by the complete inhibition of hydrolysis by 0.5 æM lisinopril or captopril. Abz-FRK(Dnp)P-OH cleavage by ACE was monitored in rat lung, kidney, heart, and liver homogenates in the presence of a cocktail of inhibitors containing trans-epoxy-succinyl-L-leucylamido-(4-guanido)-butene, pepstatin, phenyl-methylsulfonyl fluoride, N-tosyl-L-phenylalanyl-chloromethyl ketone, and N-tosyl-lysyl-chloromethyl ketone to prevent undesirable hydrolysis. ACE activity in lung, heart and kidney homogenates, but not in liver homogenates, was completely abolished by 0.5 æM lisinopril or captopril. The advantages of the method are the procedural simplicity and the high sensitivity providing a rapid assay for ACE determinations.


Subject(s)
Animals , Humans , Rats , Fluorometry/methods , Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A/analysis , Fluorescent Dyes , Hydrolysis , Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A/blood , Rats, Wistar
7.
Braz. j. med. biol. res ; 36(8): 1055-1059, Aug. 2003. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-340782

ABSTRACT

Human plasma kallikrein, a serine proteinase, plays a key role in intrinsic blood clotting, in the kallikrein-kinin system, and in fibrinolysis. The proteolytic enzymes involved in these processes are usually controlled by specific inhibitors and may be influenced by several factors including glycosaminoglycans, as recently demonstrated by our group. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of glycosaminoglycans (30 to 250 æg/ml) on kallikrein activity on plasminogen and factor XII and on the inhibition of kallikrein by the plasma proteins C1-inhibitor and antithrombin. Almost all available glycosaminoglycans (heparin, heparan sulfate, bovine and tuna dermatan sulfate, chondroitin 4- and 6-sulfates) reduced (1.2 to 3.0 times) the catalytic efficiency of kallikrein (in a nanomolar range) on the hydrolysis of plasminogen (0.3 to 1.8 æM) and increased (1.9 to 7.7 times) the enzyme efficiency in factor XII (0.1 to 10 æM) activation. On the other hand, heparin, heparan sulfate, and bovine and tuna dermatan sulfate improved (1.2 to 3.4 times) kallikrein inhibition by antithrombin (1.4 æM), while chondroitin 4- and 6-sulfates reduced it (1.3 times). Heparin and heparan sulfate increased (1.4 times) the enzyme inhibition by the C1-inhibitor (150 nM)


Subject(s)
Animals , Humans , Cattle , Factor XII , Fibrinolytic Agents , Glycosaminoglycans , Plasma Kallikrein , Plasminogen , Cysteine Proteinase Inhibitors , Plasma Kallikrein , Protein C Inhibitor
8.
Arch. Hosp. Vargas ; 45(1/2): 15-21, ene.-jun. 2003. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-405387

ABSTRACT

Las lectinas en su mayoría son glicoproteínas que poseen múltiples propiedades de interés biomédico como la de aglutinar eritrocitos. Muchas lectinas se obtienen de semillas de leguminosas; algunas muestran alta especificidad según el fenotipo ABO de los eritrocitos. Ello abre la posibilidad de utilizarlas como alternativa a los anticuerpos monoclonales empleados actualmente para tipeaje sanguíneo. En este trabajo se buscó elaborar reactivos a partir de extractos de phaseolus lunatus. Se seleccionó esta semilla perteneciente a la flora venezolana, para evaluar su especificidad, estabilidad y potencia para el tipeaje de sangre humana. Las lectinas se extrajeron de las semillas finamente molidas por agitación, refrigeración y centrifugación. Los extractos se colectaron por centrifugación y se diluyeron para el tipeaje de sangre, de acuerdo a la técnica convencional en tubo siguiendo un diseño doble-ciego. El reactivo preparado con phaseolus lunatus aglútinó únicamente eritrocitos del tipo "A" y AB" con un índice nulo de determinaciones falsas y reacciones cruzadas en 500 muestras. La preparación fue estable (> 6 meses - 4°C), económica, potente y específica. Los resultados obtenidos confirman el uso potencial de los extractos de phaseolus lunatus para el tipeaje rutinario de eritrocitos humanos


Subject(s)
Fabaceae , Lectins , Polycythemia , Blood Grouping and Crossmatching/methods , Biology , Venezuela
9.
Braz. j. med. biol. res ; 32(5): 645-9, May 1999.
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-233483

ABSTRACT

We have characterized, in the Paracoccidioides brasiliensis yeast phase, an exocellular SH-dependent serine proteinase activity against Abz-MKRLTL-EDDnp and analogous fluorescent-quenched peptides, and showed that it is also active against constituents of the basement membrane in vitro. In the present study, we separated the components of P. brasiliensis culture filtrates by electrophoresis and demonstrated that the serine-thiol exocellular proteinase has a diffuse and heterogeneous migration by SDS-PAGE, localizing in a region between 69 and 43 kDa. The hydrolytic activity was demonstrable after SDS-PAGE using buffered agarose overlays of Abz-MKALTLQ-EDDnp, following incubation at 37oC, and detection of fluorescent bands with a UV transilluminator. Hydrolysis was more intense when incubation was carried out at basic pH, and was completely inhibited with 2.5 mM PMSF and partially with sodium 7-hydroxymercuribenzoate (2.5 mM p-HMB), suggesting its serine-thiol nature. A proteolytic band with similar characteristics was observed in conventional gelatin zymograms, but could not be correlated with a silver-stained component. Detection of the serine-thiol proteinase in substrate gels after SDS-PAGE provides a useful way of monitoring purification of the basement membrane degrading enzyme


Subject(s)
Basement Membrane/metabolism , Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel , Paracoccidioides/enzymology , Serine Proteases/metabolism , Electrophoresis, Agar Gel , Serine Proteases/chemistry
10.
Acta cient. venez ; 41(5/6): 311-6, 1990. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-105366

ABSTRACT

As compared to the liver, intestinal mucosa shows a high rate of aerobic glycolysis. This difference has been attributed to the higher activity of the intestinal phosphofructokinase (PFK) isoenzyme. The regulatory properties of rat small intestine and liver PFK were investigated. At pH 8, where PFK activity can be evaluated free of allosteric influences, the specific activity of the liver isoenzyme was 25%higher that of the intestinal one, At pH 7, the mucosal PFK was activated to 80%of its maximal activity at pH 8, while the liver enzyme showed only a 40%activation. The apparent Kms for Fructose-6-P were 0.47 and 1.03 mM for the mucosal and hepatic isoenzymes, respectively. At 2 mM Fructose-6-P, the optimal ATP concentration for both isoenzymes was 1 mM Hogher ATP concentrations strongly anhibited both enzymes, but below 3 mM, PFK activity was larger in the mucosal homogenate. In addition, the intestinal PFK was more sensitive to activation by Fructose-2,6-bisphosphate and 6-phosphogluconate, particulary at low Fructose-6-p concentrations, and by AMP below 0.3 mM. These studies suggest that, under physiological conditions, the intestinal isoenzyme is more active than its liver counterpart. This may acccunt for the high rate of aerobic glycolysis observed in the intestinal mucosa


Subject(s)
Rats , Animals , Male , Fructose-Bisphosphatase/metabolism , Intestinal Mucosa/metabolism , Liver/metabolism , Phosphofructokinase-1/metabolism , Fructosediphosphates/metabolism , Glycolysis , Hexosediphosphates/metabolism , Lactates/metabolism , Rats, Inbred Strains
12.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-29303

ABSTRACT

Se aplicó una versión modificada del Cuestionario de Evaluación del Reajuste Social (CERS) de Holmes y Rahe a una muestra de 30 estudiantes universitarios, de sexo masculino, con edades entre 20 y 28 años y una muestra de 20 empleados administrativos, varones, con edades entre 23 y 35 años y con estudios técnicos o universitarios, a los que se pidió que evaluaran las situaciones de vida presentadas en esta versión modificada del CERS. Se encontró que las evaluación realizadas por los sujetos de ambos grupos se correlacionaron significativamente (r = 0,843, p < 0.001, df =56). Con los puntajes asignados por estos 2 grupos se construyó una escala resumen, según el procedimiento descrito por Holmes y Rahe (1967), encontrandose una correlación significativa (r = 0.85, p < 0.001) con los resultados publicados por estos mismos autores para una muestra de sujetos norteamericanos. La comparación intergrupo de los promedios en cada ítem mostró que los estudiantes asignaron puntajes significativamente más altos (-x = 55) que los sujetos del otro grupo (-X = 41.9) en el ítem N§ 17: "Muerte de un amigo(a) cercano(a)". En cambio, en los ítem N§ 27: "Hijo o hija de deja el hogar (por matrimonio, estudio, etc.)", N§ 32: "Cambios importantes en las condiciones de vida (ampliación de la casa, deterioro de la casa o vecindario)" y N§ 36: "Incautación de un bien o juicio hipotecario (Ej.: quitar una compra por no pagarla)" los puntajes promedios del grupo de estudiantes(43.9; 29,3 y 35) fueron significativamente inferiores (p < 0.05) a los del otro grupo (54.6; 39.2 y 47.5 respectivamente). Los resultados muestran una correlación significativa de las evaluación de situaciones de vida de los dos grupos y además indicarían que la escala sobrepasa las limitaciones derivadas de las influencias culturales. Sin embargo, los resultados sólo pueden ser aplicados a poblaciones con características similares a las de las muestras intencionadas que se utilizó en este estudio. Se indica la necesidad de efectuar otros estudios antes de poder generalizar los resultados a la población total de varones chilenos. Se señala que desde el punto de vista teórico, la evaluación de las situaciones de vida puede ser explicada por el modelo de las cogniciones humanas de Lazarus(1966, 1974, 1980) y se relaciona con el concepto de determinismo recíproco de Bandura (1977)


Subject(s)
Adult , Humans , Male , Social Adjustment , Life Change Events , Psychiatric Status Rating Scales , Chile , Surveys and Questionnaires
13.
Rev. cuba. adm. salud ; 10(1): 31-40, ene./mar. 1984.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-22612

ABSTRACT

Se aborda el estudio de los servicios de medicina interna y cirugia general como sistemas organizativos, con el proposito de identificar si la estructura y modo de accion actuales de ambos estan en correspondencia en forma efectiva con la finalidad de los mismos. Se identifican y describen las peculiaridades de la gestion de ambos servicios sobre la base de sus objetivos, funciones y finalidad a alcanzar.Se discute el caracter sistemico de los servicios considerados, la correspondencia entre objetivos y actividades que se desarrollan y el caracter integrado de la asistencia que se brinda en sus aspectos medicos y paramedicos, entre otros


Subject(s)
Hospital Units , Organization and Administration
14.
Rev. méd. IMSS ; 22(6): 381-6, 1984.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-25277

ABSTRACT

Los quistes solitarios uniloculares no parasitarios de higado son poco frecuentes, de crecimiento lento y clinicamente silenciosos en la mayoria de los casos, y provocan arduos problemas de diagnostico. Se informa el caso de una mujer de 35 anos de edad quien presento como sintomatologia distension abdominal, dispepsia, ictericia leve, edema de miembros inferiores y disnea secundaria al aumento del perimetro abdominal. Habia sido tratada previamente como caso de cirrosis hepatica. Por medio de ecosonografia, gammagrafia y urografia excretora se establecio el diagnostico preoperatorio de quiste gigante unilocular de higado, el cual comprimia estomago duodeno, vias biliares extrahepaticas y vena cava. Se intervino quirurgicamente con extraccion de 7.800 litros de material liquido de retencion que, segun los informes existentes en la literatura nacional es el mas grande que se ha notificado. Se efectuo marsupializacion del quiste a pared abdominal, y la paciente permanece asintomatica hasta la fecha


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Cysts , Liver Diseases
17.
Bol. Oficina Sanit. Panam ; 92(1): 1-12, 1982.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-8483

ABSTRACT

El objetivo de esta experiencia consiste de diferentes parametros inmunologicos, humorales y celulares en un grupo de enfermos con fiebre tifoidea; asimismo, en la medida de lo posible, se trata de establecer alguna forma de relacion entre los cambios observados y la evolucion clinico bacteriologica


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Humans , Male , Female , Antibody Formation , Immunity, Cellular , Typhoid Fever
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