Self-medication in health students from two Brazilian universities

Introduction: Self medication is a component of self care and it is considered as primary public health resource in health care system. It can be defined as use of non-prescription medicines by people on their own initiative. Dentists, together with doctors and veterinarians, comprise the professional classes that may and must prescribe medications for their patients. On the other hand, the nursing professionals are the ones who more administer drugs to patients in the ambulatory and hospital. Objective: This study was aimed to find out the frequency of self medication in selected university students, to find out the difference in the proportions of self medication between dentistry and nursing students, as well to evaluate the students' knowledge of harmful effects of self medication and common problems of students that use the self medication. Material and methods: We were applied 209 questionnaires among dentistry students from the 3rd to 8th semesters at the Paulista University/Goiânia and 542 among nursing students from the 3rd to 8th semesters at the Estacio de Sa University of Goiás. Results and conclusion: In the present study was observed a high rate of self-medication among undergraduate students in the health area, particularly among the dentistry and nurse students. The result was alarming because the professional him/herself who should educate patients and dissuade them from this practice is a habitual user; it makes it more difficult to aspire to the future inhibition and reduction of this practice that is so harmful to health.

Surgical approach and the use of cryotherapy in a keratocystic odontogenic tumor after 12 months of decompression

Introduction: The Keratocystic Odontogenic Tumor (KOT) is a pathology classified as an odontogenic cyst and began to be considered an odontogenic tumor in 2005, because of the presence of intrinsic characteristics compatible with neoplasm, such as its high rate of recurrence and differentiated mechanism of growth. Although its etiology is still unknown, its origin is believed to be related to the remnants of the dental lamina. Clinically it presents aggressive behavior and high rates of recurrence. Various types of treatment have been related, ranging from more conservative methods to radical surgery. With the goal of diminishing the potential for recurrence of these lesions, some authors have recommended the use of adjunct therapies such as peripheral osteotomy with burs, treatment of the surgical site with Carnoy’s solution, electrocauterization, cryotherapy and resection. Objective:The aim of the present study is to report the case of a patient with a KOT of large proportions in the mandible. Case report: Treatment was taken to perform decompression of the lesion for 12 months, and after this treatment comprised curettage and cryotherapy. Conclusion: This procedure is considered useful and conservative, as it avoids traumatisms to the noble structures close to the lesion.

Microorganisms prevalent in urinary tract infections and antimicrobial sensitivity profile: analysis of patients attended at the Military Police Hospital of the State of Goiás, Brazil, in the period from 1998 to 2008 / Microrganismos prevalentes em infecções do trato urinário e perfil de sensibilidade antimicrobiana: análise dos pacientes atendidos no Hospital do Policial Militar do Estado de Goiás, Brasil, no período de 1998 a 2008

Objective - To evaluate the frequency of the bacterial agents responsible for urinary tract infections and the antimicrobial sensitivity profile of the uropathogens involved in these infectious processes. Methods - A survey was conducted of the data with reference to uroculture exams of patients attended at the Military Police Hospital of the State of Goiás, Brazil, in the period from January, 1998 to December, 2008, in which it was verified that of the 10,162 urine samples, 1,506 (14.82%) were positives, while 8,656 (85.18%) presented no growth of microorganisms. Results - According to the results, it was verified that the female sex was the most affected (79.4%). The most frequent Gram negative bacteria were Escherichia coli (63.08%) and Enterobacter sp. (6.31%) and the Gram-positive bacteria were Staphylococcus saprophyticus (4.52%) and Staphylococcus aureus (3.19%). Conclusion - With regard to bacterial susceptibility to antimicrobial agents, it was noted that Escherichia coli and Enterobacter sp. presented a higher sensitivity index in decreasing order to Ciprofloxacin, Norfloxacin and Ceftriaxon.

Objetivo - Avaliar a frequência dos agentes bacterianos responsáveis por infecções do trato urinário e o perfil de sensibilidade antimicrobiana dos uropatógenos envolvidos nestes processos infecciosos. Métodos - Foi realizado levantamento dos dados referentes aos exames de uroculturas de pacientes atendidos no Hospital do Policial Militar do Estado de Goiás, Brasil, no período de janeiro/1998 a dezembro/2008, onde verificou-se que das 10.162 amostras de urina, 1.506 (14,82%) foram positivas, enquanto 8.656 (85,18%) não apresentaram crescimento de microrganismos. Resultados - De acordo com os resultados verificou-se que o sexo feminino foi o mais acometido (79,4%). As bactérias Gram-negativas mais frequentes foram Escherichia coli (63,08%) e Enterobacter sp. (6,31%) e as Gram-positivas foram Sthaphylococcus saprophyticus (4,52%) e Staphylococcus aureus (3,19%). Conclusão - Com relação à susceptibilidade bacteriana aos antimicrobianos notou-se que a Escherichia coli e Enterobacter sp. apresentaram maior índice de sensibilidade de forma decrescente à Ciprofloxacina, Norfloxacina e Ceftriaxona.

Automedicação entre acadêmicos de odontologia da Universidade Paulista Goiânia - Goiás / Self-medication in dentistry students at Paulista University, Goiânia - Goiás

Introduction: Self-medication is a procedure fundamentally characterized by the sick person, or person responsible for his/her care, taking the initiative to obtain or produce and use a product they believe will bring benefits in the treatment of diseases or relief of symptoms. Dentists, together with doctors and veterinarians, comprise the professional classes that may and must prescribe medications for their patients. Therefore, it is believed that these individuals, as a result of their duties, are professionals that know, understand and make an exhaustive study of medications. Objective and Methodology: Based on this, a research was conducted among the academic students of the dentistry course at Paulista University, Flamboyant campus, Goiânia, GO, Brazil, during which 209 questionnaires were applied among students from the 3rd to 8th periods. Results: The purpose of applying these questionnaires was to trace a profile with regard to the use of medications without medical prescription, and high incidence was found among academic students, both as regards the quantity of medica-tions and variety of substances used. Conclusions: The result was an alert that irrespective of the individual's knowledge, whether it involved a layperson or professional qualified for prescription, this habit repeated it. This is an alarming fact, because if the professional him/herself, who should educate patients and dissuade them from this practice, is a habitual user, it becomes more difficult to aspire to the future inhibition and reduction of this practice that is so harmful to health.

Epidemiology of maxillofacial injuries at a regional hospital in Goiania, Brazil, between 2008 and 2010

Introduction and objective: Facial lesions assume an outstanding role in the attendance of polytraumatized patients in hospital emergency services. The aim of this study was to conduct and epidemiologic study of patients attended at the Buccomaxillofacial Surgery and Traumatology Service of a regional hospital in Goiania/GO, Brazil, between 2008 and 2010. Material and methods: 521 files of patients, who had suffered maxillofacial traumatisms that resulted in a total of 615 fractures, were evaluated. The files were used to analyze gender, age, etiologic agents and distribution of fractured bones. Results: About 80% of patients were male, whereas 20% of the affected individuals were women. The most frequently etiologic factor found in the two groups was automobile accidents, followed by physical aggressions and falls. Concerning to fractured bones, the zygomatic complex, followed by fractures of the mandible, the nasal bones themselves, condyle and Le Fort type fractures were the most prevalent ones, in both groups. Conclusion: Knowledge of the incidence and etiology of maxillofacial fractures is of great importance to the professionals involved in the treatment of these patients. Within this context, Buccomaxillofacial Surgery and Traumatology is increasingly being affirmed as one of the most important specialties at the emergency centers of regional hospitals concerning to the treatment of patients who are victims of traumatisms.

Synchronous pleomorphic adenoma and periapical cyst: clinical case report / Adenoma pleomorfo e cisto periapical sincrônicos: relato de caso clínico

The pleomorphic adenoma or mixed benign tumor is the most common benign neoplasia of the salivary gland in human beings. It preferentially occurs in the superficial lobe of the parotid gland. In the oral cavity, associated with the minor salivary glands, it has a greater predilection for the palate region, with slight predisposition in women between the 3rd and 4th decades of life. The radicular cyst is an odontogenic inflammatory cyst resulting from pulp lesions caused by traumas or caries. In spite of being relatively common, there are no reports of association with salivary gland tumors. The aim of this work is to report a case of a 36-year-old woman patient, who presented with synchronous development of a pleomorphic adenoma and periapical cyst within the same region. The option taken was to perform enucleation of both lesions,followed by local curettage. The patient has been followed-up clinically and radiographically for around 18 months without signs of recurrence.

O adenoma pleomórfico ou tumor misto benigno é a neoplasia benigna mais comum primária de glândula salivar. Ocorre preferencialmente no lobo superficial da glândula parótida. Na cavidade oral, associado com as glândulas salivares menores, tem uma maior predileção para a região do palato, com ligeira predisposição em mulheres entre a 3 ª e 4 ª décadas de vida. O cisto radicular é um cisto odontogênico inflamatório decorrente de lesões causadas por traumas ou cárie. Apesar de ser relativamente comum, não há relatos de cistos periapicais associados com tumores de glândula salivar. O objetivo deste artigo é relatar um caso de uma paciente de 36 anos de idade com desenvolvimento sincrônico de adenoma pleomorfo e cisto periapical em uma mesma região. A opção tomada foi a de realizar a enucleação de ambas as lesões, seguido de curetagem local. A paciente está sendo acompanhada clínica e radiograficamente por cerca de 18 meses sem sinais de recidiva.

Calcifying cystic odontogenic tumor radiographically mimicking a lateral periodontal cyst: clinical case report / Tumor odontogênico cístico calcificante mimetizando radiograficamente o cisto periodontal lateral: relato de caso clínico

The calcifying cystic odontogenic tumor (CCOT) is a rare odontogenic lesion derived from the remaining odontogenic epithelium of the maxilla or mandible. Its occurrence in the maxilla and mandible is similar, however, the canine region is the most affected when compared with other regions. The aim of this paper is to relate the case of a patient who presented a CCOT in the left region of the maxilla, between the canine and the first premolar, characterized by an increase in volume that was painful on palpation. The lesion presented a well circumscribed radiolucent radiographic image, however, presented no root resorption and radiopacities suggestive of dystrophic calcification, common signs in this tumor. With the diagnostic hypothesis of a lateral periodontal cyst, enucleation of the lesion was performed. The patient has been followed-up for around 15 months without signs of recurrence.

O tumor odontogênico císto calcificante (TOCC) é uma lesão odontogênica rara derivada do epitélio odontogênico remanescente da maxila ou mandíbula. Possui ocorrência semelhante em maxila e mandíbula, porém a região de canino é a mais afetada quando comparada com outras regiões. O objetivo deste estudo é relatar um caso de um paciente que apresenta um TOCC em região esquerda de maxila, entre o canino e o primeiro pré-molar, caracterizado com aumento de volume doloroso à palpação. Radiograficamente a lesão apresentava imagemradiográfica radiolúcida bem circunscrita, no entanto não apresentava reabsorção radicular e radiopacidades sugestivas de calcificação distrófica, sinais comuns neste tumor. Com hipótese diagnóstica de cisto periodontal lateral, foi feita enucleação da lesão. O paciente está em acompanhamento há cerca de 15 meses sem sinais de recorrência.