ABSTRACT
OBJETIVO: A primeira opção para o tratamento da retocolite ulcerativa inespecífica (RCU) se resume em: salicilatos (mesalazina e sulfassalazina) nos casos leves, e corticóides nos casos mais graves. Recentemente, em novembro de 2006, o Ministério da Saúde aprovou o infliximabe (REMICADE ® - Mantecorp - Brasil), anticorpo monoclonal murino contra o fator de necrose tumoral / TNF, para o tratamento da RCU (Escore de Mayo acima de 7). Entretanto, a droga somente tem sido usada como última opção naqueles pacientes refratários ao tratamento convencional ou que sejam corticodependentes. O objetivo desse estudo foi relatar o uso do infliximabe como primeira opção para o tratamento de dois pacientes portadores de RCU tratados no Hospital UNIMAR e no ambulatório de Doenças Inflamatórias Intestinais da FME-UNIMAR. MÉTODOS E RESULTADOS: Paciente 1: AZF, 52 anos, sexo feminino, foi diagnosticada primeiramente com o RCU baseado na história e no exame clínico; Colonoscopia compatível com pancolite e biópsia positiva para RCU (microabscesso de cripta). O escore de Mayo era 10 (escala: 0 a 12 / 0 = assintomática 12 colite grave). Recebeu infusão intravenosa de infliximabe (5mg / Kg de peso) nas semanas 0, 2, 6 e 14 (indução). Posteriormente, foi introduzido mesalazina 4,5 g/dia como terapia de manutenção. Observou-se resposta clínica significativa baseada no escore de Mayo analisado após as doses de indução (escore de 10 para 7 - redução de 7 pontos) Atualmente, a paciente está assintomática. Paciente 2: MLA, 45 anos, sexo feminino, com queixa de diarréia muco-sanguinolenta; colonoscopia compatível com colite de cólon esquerdo; biópsia positiva; escore de Mayo de 9 pontos. A paciente recebeu infliximabe EV (5mg/Kg de peso) nas semanas 0, 2, 6 e 14. Após a indução foi introduzido a mesalazina 4.2 g/dia. Atualmente, a paciente está assintomática com escore de Mayo de 2 pontos. CONCLUSÕES: Após extensa revisão bibliográfica, acreditamos que esse seja...
The first option for the treatment of UC is both: salicylates or corticoids. Recently, in late November of 2006, the Brazilian Ministry of Health has approved infliximab (Remicade ©, Mantecorp, Brazil) to treat ulcerative colitis. We report the use of infliximab as a first option for the treatment of two patients with severe ulcerative colitis. CASE REPORT: Patient 1: AZF, 52 years-old, female, was first diagnosed with UC after history and clinical examination; colonoscopy showed pancolitis with positive biopsy (crypt microabscess). Her Mayo score was 10 (range: 0 to 12 / asymptomatic to severe colitis). She received intra venous infusion of infliximab at a dose of 5mg/Kg of body weigh at week 0, 2, 6 and 14. Then, patient was given mesalazine 4.5 g / day for maintenance therapy. Clinical response was defined as a decreased from baseline in the total Mayo score of at least 3 points. At present, patient is asymptomatic with Mayo score of 3 one moth after the last dose of infliximab. Patient 2: MLA, 45 years-old, female was first diagnosed with bloody diarrhea; colonoscopy showed left colitis and the biopsy was positive for ulcerative colitis. Her Mayo score was 9. She was offered and accepted the step down treatment. She was given infliximab 5mg/Kg of body weight at week 0, 2, 6 and 14. After initial treatment with infliximab, she received mesalazine 4.2 g / day. At present, she is asymptomatic with Mayo score of 2 eighteen days after the last dose of infliximab. At our knowledge, this is the first Brazilian report of the use of infliximab as fist-line therapy in ulcerative colitis. Few days after the begging of the infusion, an impressive clinical and colonoscopy improvement was seen in these two patients. Recently, it has been reported the use of infliximab as first-line therapy in pediatric Crohn disease. Infliximab could be a good option in cases of moderate and severe UC to avoid the side effects of the use of high doses of corticoids...