ABSTRACT
Abstract: Aim: to describe the accreditation of undergraduate dental programs in Chile according to the 2015 assessment procedures of the National Accreditation Commission. Methodology: Descriptive study. The unit of analysis are the resolutions on accreditation of dental programs in Chile by the National Accreditation Commission (CNA-Chile), accessed from the advanced search engine at the CNA-Chile website. From the resolutions the following information was obtained: Effective date, Years of accreditation, Accrediting agency and the Strengths and Weaknesses of the 3 dimensions assessed in undergraduate programs: Graduate profile and results, Operating conditions and Self-regulation. Universities that belonged to the Council of Rectors of Chilean Universities (CRUCH) and to the Chilean Association for Dental Education (ACHEO) were considered in the study. Results: Fourteen universities have a history of accreditation of dental programs. They all belong to ACHEO and half of them are members of CRUCH. The range of accreditation was 2-7 years. The average years of accreditation in private universities was 4.57 more less 1.72, while in CRUCH it was 6 more less 1, with an overall average of 5.29 more less 1.54. The programs have been accredited by CNA-Chile and 4 other accrediting agencies. Conclusion: There is significant variability in the quality of dental programs in Chile according to CNA Chile accreditations. Programs from CRUCH universities have a better and more consistent quality than those of private institutions.
Resumen: Objetivo: describir la acreditación de las carreras de Odontología en Chile según los procedimientos de evaluación de la Comisión Nacional de Acreditación, actualizado al año 2015. Metodología: Estudio descriptivo. La unidad de análisis corresponde a las resoluciones de acreditación de las carreras de Odontología en Chile según la Comisión Nacional de Acreditación (CNA-Chile), accedidas desde el buscador avanzado del sitio web de CNAChile. Desde las resoluciones se obtuvo la siguiente información: Fecha de vigencia, Años de acreditación, Agencia acreditadora, así como las Fortalezas y Debilidades de las 3 dimensiones evaluadas en las carreras de pregrado: Perfil de Egreso y Resultados, Condiciones de Operación y Capacidad de Autorregulación. Se consideró además la pertenencia al Consejo de Rectores de las Universidades Chilenas (CRUCH) y a la Asociación Chilena de Enseñanza de la Odontología (ACHEO). Resultados: Catorce universidades tienen historial de acreditación para la carrera de Odontología. Todas ellas forman parte de ACHEO y la mitad de ellas son miembros del CRUCH. El rango de acreditación fue 2 a 7 años. El promedio de años de acreditación en las universidades privadas fue de 4,57 más menos 1,72, mientras que en las del CRUCH fue de 6 más menos 1, con un promedio general de 5,29 más menos 1,54. Las carreras han sido acreditadas por CNA-Chile y otras 4 agencias acreditadoras. Conclusión: Existe una considerable variabilidad en la calidad de las carreras de odontología en Chile según las acreditaciones de CNA. Las carreras de universidades del CRUCH presentan una mejor y más homogénea calidad que sus contrapartes privadas.
Subject(s)
Humans , Accreditation , Education, Dental , Universities , ChileABSTRACT
Population aging and the increasing rates of cardiovascular diseases have raised the number of patients receiving antithrombotic therapy in elective or emergency dental care, including surgical procedures. The aim of this article is to review the evidence and clinical guidelines for management of patients on antithrombotic therapy published in the past five years. TheAmerican Antithrombotic Therapy Guideline - 2012 - generally recommends not to suspend antiplatelet or anticoagulant treatment in dental procedures since they are considered to have low bleeding risk and easy resolution. In the dental field, there is ample published evidence regarding oral surgical procedure management, especially by maxillofacial surgeons, showing a low number of complications associated with extractions or other minor oral surgical procedures without suspending antithrombotic drugs and only taking some minimum safeguards, such as healing by first intention or the use of some local hemostatic agents. In general, patients under chronic antithrombotic therapy should keep their medication when undergoing low and medium complexity dental procedures, since complications are minor and easy to handle. Due to interactions between them, particular care should be taken with patients using more than one drug...
El envejecimiento poblacional y el aumento patologías cardiovasculares ha aumentado la cantidad de pacientes bajo terapia antitrombótica que reciben atención dental electiva o de urgencia, incluidos los procedimientos quirúrgico. El objetivo de este artículo es revisar la evidencia y las guías clínicas publicadas en los últimos 5 anos respecto al manejo odontológico de pacientesbajo terapia antitrombótica. La guía clínica americana de terapia antitrombótica del ano 2012 recomienda en general no suspender la terapia antiplaquetaria ni anticoagulante, en los procedimientos dentales ya que son considerados como de bajo riesgo de sangrado y de fácil resolución. En el área odontológica existe amplia evidencia publicada respecto al manejo de procedimientos quirúrgicos bucales, especialmente por cirujanos maxilofaciales, que ha demostrado la baja cantidad de complicaciones asociadas a exodoncias u otras cirugías menores de la cavidad bucal; sin la necesidad de suspender los medicamentos antitrombóticos y tomando algunos resguardos mínimos como la cicatrización por primera intención o el uso de algunos agentes hemostáticos locales. En términos generales los pacientes bajo terapia antitrombótica crónica deben mantener sus medicamentos cuando son sometidos a procedimientos dentales de baja y mediana complejidad, ya que las complicaciones son menores y de sencillo manejo. Se debe poner especialatención en pacientes con más de un medicamento, por las interacciones entre ellos...
Subject(s)
Humans , Surgery, Oral/methods , Fibrinolytic Agents/therapeutic use , Thrombosis/prevention & control , Aspirin/therapeutic use , Preoperative Care/adverse effects , Fibrinolytic Agents/adverse effects , Hemorrhage/chemically induced , RiskABSTRACT
In recent years, several studies focused on the training of dentists in Chile and other Ibero-American countries and its implications have been published. However, there is no analysis of all the evidence at a regional level. The aim of this article is to review the changes in training for dentists in Ibero-America, the educational and/or sanitary policies associated to these changes and the impact that they have for dentists in the future in Chile and the region. In general terms, a strong increase in the amount of available places for studying dentistry, without a clear sanitary or educational planning to justify it, has been observed in several countries of the region this rise does not show a positive impact in the access to dental treatment, especially for the poorest populations. Although the levels of satisfaction are high among dentists, an unemployment rise and a salary decrease have been observed over the last few years, which could impact professional satisfaction. In Ibero-America, an exponential increase of dental schools, without a positive impact on the oral health of the population, but negatively affecting workforce, is observed.
In the recent years many research focused on the training of dentists in Chile and other countries of Iberoamerica and its implications have been published. However, there is no analysis of all the evidence at a regional level. The aim of this article is to review the changes in the training of Dentists in Iberoamerica, the educational and/or sanitary policies associated to these changes and the impact that these have had in the future for the dentists in Chile and the region. In general terms it´s been observe a strong increase of the amount of available places for studying Dentistry in several countries of the area, without a clear sanitary or educational planning that justify it. This increment does not show and positive impact in the access to the dental treatment, especially in the poorest populations. Although the levels of dentist´s satisfaction are high, in the recent years have been observed a rise in the unemployment and a salary decrease, which could impact in the professional satisfaction. In Iberoamerica uncontrolled growth is observed in the training of dentists, which has no positive impact on the population´s oral health, but negatively to the workforce.
Subject(s)
Humans , Dentists , Education, Dental , Job Satisfaction , Chile , Latin America , Motivation , Public Health , Spain , Students, DentalABSTRACT
Infection control is crucial in dentistry and various methods have been designed to assure its efficacy. However, little information exists regarding the influence it could have the instrument-holder of endodontic files. The aim of this research was to determine the influence of three instruments-holders on sterilization efficacy of endodontic files. Methods: A pilot in-vitro study. 60 endodontic files were contaminated by biomechanical preparation of extracted molars with periapical abscess, then processed according to the standard washing method. The endodontic files were divided into 3 groups (n = 20) and assigned to 3 instrument-holders: Metallic box (MB), surgical gauze (SG) and synthetic sponge (SS). Then, the files were packaged and sterilized by autoclaving (134°C/45min). Microbiological culture was performed in thioglycolate solution for each endodontic file (37ºC/5days). Results: The overall sterilization efficacy was 91.7 percent, 80 percent for MB, 100 percent for SS, and 95 percent for SG, with no statistically significant differences (p = 0.06) between the groups. Conclusions: The lack of differences in the efficacy of sterilization may be due to the reduced sample; therefore, a full-size study is necessary to confirm this outcomes. The results of this study discourage the use of the MB as instrument-holder until a full-size study can confirm this data.
El control de infecciones es crucial en odontología y variados métodos se han diseñado para asegurar su eficacia. Sin embargo, existe poca información respecto a la influencia que podría tener el porta-instrumento de limas endodónticas. El objetivo de esta investigación es determinar la influencia de 3 porta-instrumentos sobre la eficacia de esterilización de limas endodónticas. Método: Estudio in-vitro piloto. 60 limas endodónticas fueron contaminadas mediante preparación biomecánica de molares extraídos con diagnóstico de absceso periapical, procesadas según el método de lavado estándar, divididas en 3 grupos (n=20) y asignadas a 3 porta-instrumentos: caja metálica (CM), gasa quirúrgica (GQ) y esponja sintética (ES); luego empacadas y esterilizadas en autoclave (134ºC/45min). Se realizó un cultivo microbiológico en solución de Tioglicolato de cada una de las limas (37ºC/5días). Resultados: La eficacia de esterilización general fue 91,7 por ciento, para CM de 80 por ciento, ES de 100 por ciento y GQ de 95 por ciento; no se hallaron diferencias estadísticamente significativas (p=0,06). Conclusiones: La falta de diferencias en la eficacia de esterilización puede deberse a la muestra reducida, por lo que se necesita realizar un estudio con tamaño completo. Los resultados de este estudio desaconsejan el uso de la CM como porta-instrumento hasta que un estudio de tamaño completo confirme estos datos.