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1.
J. oral res. (Impresa) ; 8(5): 370-377, oct. 31, 2019. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1248133

ABSTRACT

Objective: To describe and compare the occlusal characteristics, and to determine their relationship with the sociodemographic characteristics in subjects who began treatment in the Postgraduate Program in Orthodontics at the University of Antioquia (Medellín-Colombia) between 2012-2016. Materials and Methods: This descriptive study included 106 patients (14-60 years, 52 women and 54 men). A calibrated investigator (Bland Altman: <1, Kappa: ≥0.8) evaluated the discrepancy index (DI), the dental aesthetic index (DAI) and sociodemographic variables in standardized initial records. Correlations and associations between them were established. Results: The DAI mean was 35.62±12.76 and the DI mean was 20.37±13.78. The great majority of patients (92.4%) belonged to low and medium-low socioeconomic strata. Differences were observed regarding oral breathing (p=0.02) and atypical swallowing (p=0.01) indices. Discussion: Despite the severity and high complexity in the index scores, contrary to what was expected, no correlation was found between them. It seems that malocclusions do not have a particular sociodemographic characterization, with aesthetics being the main reason for consultation. Conclusions: The patients evaluated had a high degree of treatment complexity according to the DI and a high severity of malocclusion according to the DAI. No relationships were found between the indices and sociodemographic variables, except for habits of oral breathing and atypical swallowing.


Objetivo: describir y comparar las características oclusales, y determinar su relación con las características sociodemográficas en los sujetos que iniciaron tratamiento en el Posgrado de Ortodoncia de la Universidad de Antioquia (Medellín-Colombia) entre 2012-2016. Materiales y métodos: este estudio descriptivo incluyó 106 pacientes (14-60 años, 52 mujeres y 54 hombres). Un investigador calibrado (Bland Altman: <1, Kappa: ≥0.8) evaluó en las ayudas iniciales estandarizadas el índice de discrepancia (DI), el índice de estética dental (DAI) y las variables sociodemográficas en la historia clínica. Se establecieron las correlaciones y asociaciones entre ellas. Resultados: el promedio DAI fue 35,62±12,76 y el promedio DI fue 20,37±13,78. El 92,4% pertenecía a estratos socioeconómicos bajo y medio bajo. Se observaron diferencias en los índices en los pacientes con respiración oral (p=0,02) y deglución atípica (p=0,01). Discusión: a pesar de la severidad y alta complejidad reflejadas en los puntajes de los índices, contrario a lo esperado, no se encontró correlación entre estos. Parece ser que la maloclusiones no tienen una caracterización sociodemográfica, siendo la estética el motivo de consulta principal. Conclusiones: los pacientes evaluados tuvieron un alto grado de complejidad de tratamiento según el DI y una alta severidad de la maloclusión según el DAI. No se encontraron relaciones entre los índices y las variables sociodemográficas excepto para hábito de respiración oral y deglución atípica


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Malocclusion/classification , Malocclusion/epidemiology , Oral Hygiene , Orthodontics , Epidemiology, Descriptive , Colombia/epidemiology , Deglutition , Esthetics, Dental
2.
Dental press j. orthod. (Impr.) ; 21(2): 88-94, Mar.-Apr. 2016. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-782954

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the results of a finishing protocol implemented in patients treated in the Orthodontics graduate program at Universidad de Antioquia. Evaluation was carried out by means of the criteria set by the Objective Grading System (OGS) of the American Board of Orthodontics (ABO). Methods: Cast models and panoramic radiographs of 34 patients were evaluated. The intervention group (IG) consisted of 17 patients (19.88 ± 4.4 years old) treated under a finishing protocol. This protocol included training in finishing, application of a finishing guide, brackets repositioning and patient's follow-up. Results of the IG were compared to a control group of 17 patients (21.88 ± 7.0 years old) selected by stratified randomization without finishing intervention (CG). Results: The scores for both CG and IG were 38.00 ± 9.0 and 31.41 ± 9.6 (p = 0.048), respectively. The score improved significantly in the IG group, mainly regarding marginal ridges (CG: 5.59 ± 2.2; IG: 3.65 ± 1.8) (p = 0.009) and root angulation (CG: 7.59 ± 2.8; IG: 4.88 ± 2.6) (p = 0.007). Criteria that did not improve, but had the highest scores were: alignment (CG: 6.35 ± 2.7; IG: 6.82 ± 2.8) (p = 0.62) and buccolingual inclination (CG: 3.6 ± 5.88; IG: 5.29 ± 3.9) (p = 0.65). Conclusions: Standardization and implementation of a finishing protocol contributed to improve clinical performance in the Orthodontics graduate program, as expressed by occlusal outcomes. Greater emphasis should be given on the finishing phase to achieve lower scores in the ABO grading system.


RESUMO Objetivo: avaliar os resultados da implementação de um protocolo de finalização em pacientes tratados no programa de pós-graduação em Ortodontia da Universidad de Antioquia. A avaliação foi conduzida utilizando-se os critérios definidos pelo Objective Grading System (OGS) do American Board of Orthodontics (ABO). Métodos: modelos de gesso e radiografias panorâmicas de 34 pacientes foram avaliados. O grupo experimental (GE) consistiu de 17 pacientes (idade média = 19,88 ± 4,4 anos) submetidos a um protocolo de finalização que incluiu o treinamento para a etapa de finalização, a aplicação de um guia de finalização, o reposicionamento de braquetes e o acompanhamento dos pacientes. Os resultados obtidos para o GE foram comparados aos resultados de um grupo controle (GC), não submetido à etapa de finalização, composto por 17 pacientes (idade média = 21,88 ± 7,0 anos) selecionados por um método de amostragem aleatória estratificada. Resultados: os escores do GC e do GE foram de 38,00 ± 9,0 e 31,41 ± 9,6 (p = 0,048), respectivamente. Houve melhora significativa no escore do grupo GE, principalmente com relação às cristas marginais (GC = 5,59 ± 2,2; GE = 3,65 ± 1,8) (p = 0,009) e à angulação da raiz (GC = 7,59 ± 2,8; GE = 4,88 ± 2,6) (p = 0,007). Os critérios que não apresentaram melhora, mas obtiveram os escores mais altos, foram: alinhamento (GC = 6,35 ± 2,7; GE = 6,82 ± 2,8) (p = 0,62) e vestibularização (GC = 3,6 ± 5,88; GE = 5,29 ± 3,9) (p = 0,65). Conclusões: a implementação de um protocolo padronizado de finalização contribuiu para melhorar o desempenho clínico dos alunos em um programa de pós-graduação em Ortodontia, conforme demonstram os resultados oclusais. Maior ênfase deveria ser dada à fase de finalização, para se obter escores mais baixos no OGS do ABO.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Young Adult , Orthodontics, Corrective/education , Treatment Outcome , Dental Polishing , Esthetics, Dental , Radiography, Panoramic , Colombia , Models, Dental , Dental Occlusion , Education, Dental, Graduate
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