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Resumen: Objetivo: Explorar el impacto del uso cotidiano de plataformas de videollamadas en las cogniciones, emociones y comportamientos relacionados con la autoimagen en pacientes con Trastornos del Comportamiento Alimentario (TCA) y personas de la población general, durante la pandemia por COVID-19. Métodos: Sesenta y ocho pacientes con TCA en tratamiento y 106 personas de la población general respondieron a un cuestionario diseñado para el estudio a través de Lime Survey; (98.5 y 79.2% respectivamente eran mujeres), con edad promedio de 17.6 (DE:3.47) y 33.5 (DE:9.35) respectivamente. Las pacientes discutieron y explicaron sus respuestas en cinco sesiones de terapia grupal presenciales dirigidas por un psiquiatra. Posteriormente, se realizó un análisis temático reflexivo con un enfoque inductivo para determinar las categorías. Resultados: Los pacientes reportaron una mayor incomodidad frente a la cámara, preocupación con la apariencia física, miedo a la crítica, vergüenza y sentimientos de vulnerabilidad, comparados con las personas de la población general. Predominaron los pensamientos negativos sobre la forma y el tamaño del rostro y otras partes del cuerpo y las conductas de chequeo y/o evitación de la imagen corporal, que interfirieron con la concentración y el rendimiento. Conclusión: además del impacto negativo de la pandemia de COVID-19 en la salud mental, la nueva virtualidad desafía a los clínicos a enfrentar dificultades adicionales con la imagen corporal en pacientes con TCA y alerta a la detección de nuevas preocupaciones dismórficas también en la población general.
Abstract: Objective: To explore the impact of video call platforms on physical appearance concerns (cognitions, emotions and behaviors) in Eating Disorders (ED) patients and in general population, during COVID 19 pandemic. Methods: Sixty-eight patients attending a treatment program for ED, and 106 people from the general population responded to a questionnaire designed for the study through Lime Survey; (98.5 and 79.2% respectively were women), with a mean age of 17.6 (SD:3.47) and 33.5 (SD:9.35) respectively. Patients discussed and explained their answers in five in vivo group therapy sessions directed by a psychiatrist. Then, a reflective thematic analysis with an inductive approach to determine the categories was performed. Results: Patients reported a higher discomfort in front of the camera, preoccupation with physical appearance, fear of criticism, embarrassment, and feelings of vulnerability, compared with general population. Negative thoughts about the shape and size of the face and other body parts predominated, as well as body image checking/avoidance behaviors that interfered with concentration and performance. Conclusion: In addition to the negative impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on mental health, the new virtuality challenges clinicians to face additional body image difficulties in ED patients and alerts on the detection of dysmorphic concerns in the general population as well.
ABSTRACT
Acid reactions and low available phosphorus in tropical soils limit forage yield. The aim was to evaluate soil chemical characteristics pH, P and Mg, forage nutritive values, critical soil and plant P levels and the residual effect of each source. The experiment was in a greenhouse with a Rhodic Haplustox, loam texture. Experimental design was a 5 x 4 factorial with five replicates which phosphate fertilizers were triple superphosphate, reactive rock phosphates Gafsa and Arad, and fused magnesium phosphate powder and coarse, applied at rates of 30, 60, 90 and 120 mg kg-1 P and a control treatment without P. The effectiveness of rock phosphates increased due to their residual effect. The coarse fused magnesium phosphate resulted in the lowest efficiency. The P critical level in soil and plant were 18 mg kg-1 and 2.4 g kg-1, respectively. The increase of phosphorus rates provided an increase in crude protein content
Reações ácidas e baixo fósforo disponível em solos tropicais limitam a produção de forragem. O objetivo foi avaliar as características químicas do solo pH, P e Mg, valores nutritivos das forragens, níveis críticos de P no solo e nas plantas e o efeito residual de cada fonte. O experimento foi realizado em casa de vegetação com Latossolo vermelho distrófico, textura média. O delineamento experimental foi inteiramente casualisado em fatorial 5 x 4, com cinco repetições cujos adubos fosfatados eram superfosfato triplo, fosfatos de rocha reativa Gafsa e Arad e fosfato de magnésio em pó e grosso, aplicados nas doses de 30, 60, 90 e 120 mg kg-1 de P e um tratamento controle sem P. A eficácia dos fosfatos rochosos aumentou devido ao seu efeito residual. O fosfato de magnésio fundido grosso resultou na menor eficiência. O nível crítico de P no solo e na planta foi de 18 mg kg-1 e 2,4 g kg-1, respectivamente. O aumento das taxas de fósforo proporcionou um aumento no teor de proteína bruta
Subject(s)
Phosphorus , Soil , PastureABSTRACT
Atualmente, é muito comum a busca por tratamentos odontológicos com o intuito de melhorar a estética do sorriso, porém, muitas vezes, fatores que comprometem essa estética podem estar acompanhados de outros problemas dentários, como: má-oclusão, problemas fonéticos, musculares, periodontais, entre outros. Dessa forma, é de extrema importância que o cirurgião-dentista tenha conhecimento científico para fazer o diagnóstico e o tratamento corretos. O presente trabalho teve por objetivo relatar um caso clínico, evidenciando o tratamento multidisciplinar de um paciente que procurou a clínica odontológica da Universidade Severino Sombra, em busca da melhoria estética do sorriso. Ao exame clínico e radiográfico constatou-se que o mesmo era portador de doença periodontal, agenesia de um incisivo lateral superior, apinhamento anteroinferior severo e mordida cruzada posterior unilateral. Após tratamento periodontal, optou-se pela exodontia de um incisivo lateral inferior para auxiliar na terapia e melhoria do apinhamento anteroinferior, e utilização do aparelho quadrihélice para correção da mordida cruzada. O tratamento executado alcançou as expectativas, tanto no aspecto funcional quanto estético, além de proporcionar o alinhamento dos dentes e um melhor controle de biofilme dental, favorecendo a manutenção da saúde periodontal. O paciente mostrou-se satisfeito com os resultados obtidos.
Currently, it is very common for people to seek dental treatment striving to improve the aesthetics of the smile, but factors that often compromise this aesthetic can be accompanied by other dental problems such as malocclusion, phonetic problems, muscular, periodontal, among others. Thus, it is extremely important that the dentist has scientific knowledge to make correct diagnosis and treatment. This study aims to report a case, highlighting the multidisciplinary treatment of a patient who came to the dental clinic at the University Severino Sombra seeking aesthetics improvement of the smile. The clinical and radiographic exams had found that the patient had a periodontal disease, agenesis of a maxillary lateral incisor, several unilateral anterior crowding and posterior crossbite. After periodontal treatment, it was opted for the extraction of a lateral incisor to help with the therapy and improvement of anterior crowding and use of the Quad-helix appliance for cross-bite correction. The treatment executed reached expectations, both in functional and aesthetic aspect, besides providing teeth alignment, better control of dental biofi lm, favoring the maintenance of periodontal health, and the patient was satisfi ed with the results.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Periodontal Diseases/diagnosis , Periodontal Diseases/therapy , Tooth Extraction , Incisor , Malocclusion/therapy , Anodontia , Esthetics, Dental , SmilingABSTRACT
Objective Comparing standardized university admission scores between students with and without disability within the same school and also comparing the performance of students with hearing, visual and physical disability. Methods This was a retrospective cohort study which compared the test results of students with and without disabilities within the same school. A matched case-control study nested in a cohort was assembled. Standardized differences were calculated for comparing such scores. Results Students without disabilities performed significantly better than disabled ones(i.e. disabled students scored lower than their classmates). Conclusion Further research is needed to determine whether the Colombian educational system, adjustments made to tests for this population or students' individual skills were the factors underlying the difference regarding the test results.
Objetivo Comparar los resultados en la prueba Saber 11 (prueba estandarizada para la admisión en la mayoría de universidades de Colombia) entre los estudiantes con y sin discapacidad dentro de la misma institución educativa. Asimismo, comparar el rendimiento de los alumnos con problemas de audición, discapacidad visual y física. Métodos Se realizó un estudio de cohorte retrospectiva en la que se dividió a los estudiantes según su condición de discapacidad. Se anidó un caso-cohorte emparejando cada caso de discapacidad con su grupo de compañeros de colegio. Se calcularon las diferencias estandarizadas para comparar los grupos. Resultados Los estudiantes sin discapacidades se desempeñaron significativamente mejor que los estudiantes con discapacidad, es decir, los estudiantes con discapacidades obtuvieron puntajes más bajos que sus compañeros de clase. Conclusión Se necesita más investigación para investigar si el sistema educativo colombiano, los ajustes en las pruebas para esta población o las capacidades individuales de los alumnos son los factores subyacentes de la diferencia en los resultados de las pruebas.
Subject(s)
Adolescent , Humans , College Admission Test , Disabled Persons , Case-Control Studies , Cohort Studies , Colombia , Retrospective Studies , UniversitiesABSTRACT
Introducción. El examen nacional de acceso a la educación superior en Colombia (prueba Saber 11), es obligatorio para obtener el título de bachiller y ha realizado adaptaciones que permiten evaluar a personas con discapacidad física, auditiva y visual. Objetivo. Describir las características y el rendimiento en la prueba Saber 11 de las personas con discapacidad (PCD) en 2009. Materiales y métodos. Análisis secundario de tipo descriptivo de los resultados del examen nacional de acceso a la educación superior (prueba Saber 11), presentado por PCD en el ano 2009. La certificación de discapacidades realizada previa al examen durante la inscripción a la prueba. Se describen las características de dicha población, junto con los puntajes en la prueba. Resultados. 529.651 estudiantes presentaron la prueba por primera vez, de los cuales el 0,2% (842) afirmaron durante la inscripción tener algún tipo de discapacidad. Del total de PCD, el 35,0% presentó una discapacidad motora, el 34,9% presentó una discapacidad auditiva y requirieron intérprete en la prueba, 19,1% presentó una discapacidad visual y un 11,5% presentó discapacidad auditiva, pero no requirieron intérprete. La mayoría de sus puntajes están en categorización media, y, en promedio, las personas con discapacidad visual tuvieron resultados mejores en las áreas básicas al compararlos con otras discapacidades. Conclusión. Este estudio sugiere que son pocas las PCD que se presentan a la prueba Saber 11. No existe forma de evidenciar discapacidad cognitiva en la prueba.
Background. Taking the standardised Colombian highschool leaving test (Saber 11) is obligatory for students to graduate from high school and is also used for rating students applying to Colombian universities; it has been adapted for evaluating young people having hearing physical, visual and auditory disabilities. Objectives. Describing and characterising the profile of students suffering from disability (SWD) who presented the standardised Colombian highschool leaving test in 2009. Methods. A descriptive secondary analysis was made of the standardised Colombian highschool leaving test database concerning SWD who took the test in 2009. A disability certificate must have been obtained beforehand and presented during registration for the test. The prevalence of SWD taking the test was calculated, their scores were recorded and univariate statistics were used for the social, demographic and economic characterisation of their profile. Results. 529,651 students took the test for the first time in 2009; 0.2% (842) of these students claimed to have some type of disability during registration. 35.0% (295) of these had a motor disability, 34.9% (294) had a hearing disability and were assisted by a sign language interpreter, 19.1% (161) were visually impaired and 11.5% (97) had a hearing disability but did not receive assistance from a sign language interpreter. Most SWD achieved midranging scores; the visuallyimpaired scored higher points than the rest of the SWD. Conclusion. This study suggested that very few SWD were presenting the standardised Colombian highschool leaving test. Cognitive impairment could not be measured by this type of standardised test.
ABSTRACT
O texto apresenta um rápido resumo de impasses e seus enfrentamentos vividos por várias escolas da AMP de alguns anos para cá. Termina indicando a questão da formação dos analistas como o campo onde as questões mais relevantes de tal debate encontrarão seu equacionamento adequado.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , PsychoanalysisABSTRACT
Trata-se da transcrição e do estabelecimento de uma Conversação, realizada ao longo de quatro atividades, na Seção Minas Gerais da Escola Brasileira de Psicanálise (EBP-MG) sobre os objetos a na experiência analítica. A clínica com as psicoses e com a neurose obsessiva, a utilização lacaniana dos nós e a noção de "final de análise" em Lacan e em Melanie Klein foram os referenciais que nortearam essa Conversação.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Neurotic Disorders , Psychoanalysis , Psychotic DisordersABSTRACT
Trata-se da transcrição e do estabelecimento de uma Conversação, realizada ao longo de quatro atividades, na Seção Minas Gerais da Escola Brasileira de Psicanálise (EBP-MG) sobre os objetos a na experiência analítica. A clínica com as psicoses e com a neurose obsessiva, a utilização lacaniana dos nós e a noção de "final de análise" em Lacan e em Melanie Klein foram os referenciais que nortearam essa Conversação.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Neurotic Disorders , Psychoanalysis , Psychotic DisordersABSTRACT
Trata-se da transcrição e do estabelecimento de uma Conversação, realizada ao longo de quatro atividades, na Seção Minas Gerais da Escola Brasileira de Psicanálise (EBP-MG) sobre os objetos a na experiência analítica. A clínica com as psicoses e com a neurose obsessiva, a utilização lacaniana dos nós e a noção de "final de análise" em Lacan e em Melanie Klein foram os referenciais que nortearam essa Conversação.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Neurotic Disorders , Psychoanalysis , Psychotic DisordersABSTRACT
Trata-se da transcrição e do estabelecimento de uma Conversação, realizada ao longo de quatro atividades, na Seção Minas Gerais da Escola Brasileira de Psicanálise (EBP-MG) sobre os objetos a na experiência analítica. A clínica com as psicoses e com a neurose obsessiva, a utilização lacaniana dos nós e a noção de "final de análise" em Lacan e em Melanie Klein foram os referenciais que nortearam essa Conversação.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Neurotic Disorders , Psychoanalysis , Psychotic DisordersABSTRACT
La hemoptisis periódica o recurrente en los pacientes con bronquiectasias sangrantes, secuelas de tuberculosis pulmonar, sigue siendo un factor de alto riesgo de muerte, por el desconocimiento de la comunidad médica de que existen otros agentes oportunistas que producen el sangrado, ajenos a la tuberculosis pulmonar. Determinar los verdaderos agentes causales de la infección de las bronquiectasias sangrantes. Determinar las causas del sangrado que puede ser mortal. Se han estudiado las piezas operatorias de 24 pacientes con hemoptisis por bronquiectasias sangrantes por secuelas de tuberculosis pulmonar, a quienes se le ha realizado previamente los siguientes estudios: radiografía de tórax standard y tomografía axial computarizada, examen directo y cultivo de BK, broncofibroscopia para observación directa de lesiones intraluminales sangrantes, y para determinar el nivel del sangrado con el fin de que el paciente sea sometido a cirugía para la extirpación del segmento o lóbulo sangrante. Los hallazgos del acto operatorio, han sido tomados en cuenta y las piezas operatorias han sido sometidas a un estudio anatomo-patológico y microbiológico en búsquedade hongos, tuberculosis, gérmenes comunes y neoplasia pulmonar. Se demostró la presencia del hongo Aspergillus en el 83,3% de los casos de pacientes con bronquiectasias o cavernas; el estudio de gérmenes comunes aerobios y de tuberculosis, concomitante, fue negativo en el 100% de los casos. El reporte operatorio y el estudio anatomo patológico, demuestran la presencia de micetoma y lesiones cicatriciales altamente sangrantes que hacen un acto operatorio de tiempo prolongado...
Periodical bleeding in patients with bronchiectasia, sequel of lung tuberculosis, carries a high death risk due to the fact that the medical community is not aware that other opportunistic agents, apart from tuberculosis, can produce hemorrhages. To establish the pathogenic agents of the infection in bleeding bronchiectasia from samples obtained through surgical resection. We have studied the surgical specimens obtained from 24 patients with bleeding bronchiectasia. Before operation the patients were subjected to standard radiological and computerized tomography of the lungs, directed sputum examination and culture for mycobacterium tuberculosis, as well as fiber optic bronchoscope to observe the bleeding intraluminary lesions and to establish the level of the hemorrhage, so that the patient may be operated expend to remove the bleeding segment or lobe. The surgical specimens were examined pathologically and microbiologically to detect tuberculosis, fungi, common bacteria and neoplasia. Aspergillum was found in 83.3% of the bronchiectasia or caverns. The investigation of common aerobic microbes and mycobacterium tuberculosis was negative in 100% of the specimens. Mycetoma and highly weeding ears were documented by the surgical report and pathological examination. These bleeding lesions required prolonged operative procedures. In bleeding bronchiectasia the only infective agent found was Aspergillum. There was not concomitant tuberculosis or other pathogenic agents. The invaded scar tissue was highly vascularizado causing moderate to severe bleeding, a death risk for patients.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Aspergillosis, Allergic Bronchopulmonary , Bronchiectasis/microbiology , Bronchiectasis/pathology , Hemoptysis , Epidemiology, Descriptive , Prospective Studies , Cross-Sectional StudiesABSTRACT
Malaria continues to be an important health problem in a number of countries of Central and South America where it is considered as a highly prevent endemic disease. The objective of this paper is to assess the entomo-epidemiological impact of a pilot program for the biological control of malaria-transmitting vectors, which was implemented in 1998 in Escuintla, Republic of Guatemala. This program was based on the use of 20,000 L of biolarvicide Bacillus sphaericus- strain-2362 (GRISELESF) which was applied in the 46 localities of highest epidemiological risk at a rate of 10 mL/m2 of effective area of breeding. The entomologic effectiveness of this biolarvicide was monitored from the first 72 hours to 4 months after the application. There was a total larval reduction of 94.57 in the maturity stage of the water phase of Anopheles albimanus vector. The epidemiological analysis was carried out by comparing the rate of malaria prevalence (per 1000 pop) during 1997 and 1998. The five treated municipalities showed a statistically significant reduction of 50 (p 0.01). The results obtained in this paper coincided with those reported by comparable studies, so, this allowed us to recommend the use of the biolarvicide Bacillus sphaericus (strain-2362) as part of a comprehensive program of malaria-transmitting vector control in the Republic of Guatemala and other countries of the region.