ABSTRACT
Endothelium is the inner layer of vessels that separates circulating blood from the rest of the body tissues. Since its discovery, it has been involved in various functions, both systemic and organ specific. Currently, endothelial damage and failure in its functions is considered a key element in pathophysiology of various clinical scenarios, among which we may find COVID-19.Hence, it has been a target in development of strategies that seek to maintain, enhance or repair its function. The purpose of the following review is to describe what an endothelial function is about, its relation with current medical practice, and its implications in the SARS- CoV-2 pandemic. (AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Endothelium/physiopathology , COVID-19/physiopathology , Coronavirus Infections/physiopathology , Endothelium/metabolism , Endothelium/virologyABSTRACT
Helicobacter pylori is a relevant pathogen for gastroduodenal diseases in human beings. Although its eradication often improves gastroduodenal diseases, H pylori is acquiring an elevated rate of resistance to various antimicrobials, such as metronidazole, clarithromycin, tetracycline and amoxicillin. Multi-drug resistance is a major problem to select the appropriate treatment of infectious diseases. To improve our understanding on the com-plexity of the problem, in this article we review the resistance mechanisms and give an update on H pylori antimicrobial resistance (Rev Méd Chile 2003; 131: 1313-20).
Subject(s)
Humans , Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology , Drug Resistance, Bacterial , Helicobacter Infections/drug therapy , Helicobacter pylori/drug effects , Amoxicillin/pharmacology , Amoxicillin/therapeutic use , Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use , Metronidazole/pharmacology , Metronidazole/therapeutic use , Tetracyclines/pharmacology , Tetracyclines/therapeutic useABSTRACT
El pH ácido de la mucosa gástrica es probablemente una característica que hace a este nicho inaccesible a otras bacterias que no sea Helicobacterpylori. La bacteria debe estar bien adaptada a crecer en estas condiciones de acidez y emplear mecanismos especializados de protección al ácido. La capacidad de sobrevivir bajo estas condiciones de pH bajo y las propiedades quimiotácticas de H. pylori le permiten colonizar el estómago. Algunos aspectos acerca de los mecanismos de sobrevivencia en medio ácido y las propiedades quimiotácticas de H. pylori se discuten.