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1.
Rev. bras. cineantropom. desempenho hum ; 19(6): 652-662, Nov.-Dec. 2017. graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-897883

ABSTRACT

Abstract Aerobic energy transference is highly required and accounts for more than 90% of total energy consumption during a soccer match. In addition high aerobic fitness contributes to recovery from high-intensity intermittent exercise, specific to performance in soccer. The aim of the present study was to examine whether the peak velocity in the Carminatti's test (PVT-CAR) for prescribing interval-training drills is effective in eliciting aerobic-fitness development intensities in male soccer-players. Fifteen Brazilian male elite soccer-players (U20) were tested for T-CAR and monitored for heart rate (HR) during PVT-CAR prescribed interval-training drills (i.e., 4x4min with 3min passive recovery). Drills were performed with a 1:1 work-to-rest ratio with either straight-line (6/6s) or 180° shuttle running (12/12s). The interval training performed at PVT-CAR elicited HR above 90% of HRmax and lactate above 4m.mol.l-1. In the shuttle-running drills, HR and lactate (93.3±2.1% HRmax; 7.7±1.4 m.mol.l-1) were significantly higher than in the straight line drills (vs 90.3±2.6 %HRmax; 4.5±0.9 m.mol.l-1). The coefficient of variations showed low inter-subject variability in HR (CV 2.3 and 3.0% for 12/12 and 6/6 respectively). The results of this study demonstrated that PVT-CAR can be successfully used to individualize high-intensity interval running training in players with different aerobic profiles, while shuttle-running drills presented higher values at intern load than straight line. The physiological and time-motion profiles resemble the most demanding phases of the match, especially for the fittest players.


Resumo A transferência de energia aeróbia é altamente necessária e representa mais de 90% do consumo total de energia durante um jogo no futebol. Ademais, a alta aptidão aeróbia contribui para a recuperação durante exercício intermitente de alta intensidade, específico do desempenho do futebol. O objetivo deste estudo foi examinar se o pico de velocidade no teste de Carminatti (PVT-CAR) para a prescrição de treino intervalado é funcional na obtenção de desenvolvimento de aptidão aeróbia em jogadores de futebol. Quinze jogadores de futebol brasileiros (Sub-20) foram testados no T-CAR e monitorados por freqüência cardíaca (FC) durante o treinamento intervalado prescrito por PVT-CAR (ou seja, 4x4min com recuperação passiva de 3min). Os treinos foram realizados com uma relação de trabalho e repouso de 1:1 com corrida em linha reta (6/6s) e corrida de 180° com mudança de direção em vai-e-vem (12/12s). O treinamento intervalado prescrito com PVT-CAR induziu respostas de FC acima de 90% de FCmax, lactato superior a 4m.mol.l-1. uOs resultados de FC e lactato no treinamento de corrida com mudança de direção (93,3±2,1% FCmax; 7,7±1,4 m.mol.l-1) foram significativamente maiores que no treino de corrida em linha (vs 90,3±2,6 %FCmax; 4,5±0,9 m.mol.l-1). O coeficiente de variação mostrou baixa variabilidade inter-sujeitos na frequência cardíaca (CV 2,3 e 3,0% para 12/12 e 6/6, respectivamente). Os resultados do estudo mostraram que o PVT-CAR pode ser utilizado com sucesso para individualizar o treinamento de corrida intervalado de alta intensidade em jogadores com diferentes perfis aeróbicos. Os perfis fisiológicos e momentos de demandas se assemelham às fases mais exigentes da partida, especialmente para os jogadores melhor condicionados.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adolescent , Soccer/physiology , Exercise Test/methods , Oxygen Consumption
2.
Rev. bras. ciênc. mov ; 25(4): 5-14, out.- dez.2017. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-882432

ABSTRACT

O objetivo do presente estudo foi comparar os valores de potência e capacidade aeróbia entre atletas de futebol e futsal nos diferentes níveis competitivos e modalidades. A amostra foi constituída de 116 atletas do sexo masculino de seis equipes (3 de futebol e 3 de futsal) da 1ª divisão, 2ª divisão e universitário. Os participantes foram submetidos a duas sessões de coleta de dados. Na primeira sessão, uma avaliação antropométrica foi conduzida e familiarização com o teste de Carminatti (T-CAR). Na segunda sessão, foi realizado o teste de T-CAR de corrida intermitente, para determinar o pico de velocidade (PV). Para analisar as diferenças entre os valores médios dos dados antropométricos e fisiológicos das equipes e nos diferentes níveis competitivos foi utilizado ANOVA One-Way seguido do teste de Post-Hoc de Bonferroni. O Teste T para amostras independentes foi utilizado para comparar as médias entre as modalidades. O valor de P < 0,05 foi considerado como nível de significância estatística. Maiores níveis de PVT-CAR e 80,4%PVT-CAR foram reportados nos atletas de futebol da 1ª divisão comparado com o da 2ª divisão do futsal e universitários, e entre as equipes da 1ª divisão de futsal e 2ª do futebol comparado com o futsal universitário. Além disso, maiores valores do PVT-CAR nas equipes da 1ª divisão de futsal e 2ª do futebol comparado com universitários e nos atletas de futebol versus futsal (p<0,05), afirmando que existe diferença entre os níveis competitivos e modalidades. Estes resultados sugerem que atletas de futebol e aqueles que atuam em elevados níveis competitivos possuem melhor condição física no desempenho do T-CAR....(AU)


The aim of this study was to compare the power levels and aerobic capacity between soccer and futsal players on different competitive levels and modalities. One hundred and sixteen male players from three soccer and futsal teams of the 1st division, 2nd division and university participated in the study. The participants underwent two data collection sessions. In the first session, an anthropometric assessment and familiarization with Carminatti's test (T-CAR) was conducted. In the second session, the T-CAR intermittent running test was conducted to determine the peak velocity (PV). One-way ANOVA was used in combination with post hoc testing (Bonferroni) to compare the average values of anthropometric and physiological data of the teams and in different competitive levels. The T test for independent samples was used to compare the means of the modality. Significance was assumed at 5% (P < 0.05). Aerobic indices were obtained by T-CAR. Higher levels of PVT-CAR and 80,4%PVT-CAR were reported on soccer players of st division compared to the futsal of 2nd division and university, and between the teams of the 1st futsal division and 2nd soccer division compared to the university futsal. In addition, higher PVT-CAR values on teams of 1st futsal division and 2nd soccer division compared to university and soccer players versus futsal (P < 0.05), declaring that there is a difference between the competitive levels and modalities. These results suggest that soccer players and those that play at high competitive levels have better performance in TCAR....(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Young Adult , Athletes , Efficiency , Physical Education and Training , Potency , Soccer , Evaluation Studies as Topic
3.
Rev. bras. ciênc. mov ; 22(2): 57-64, jan.-mar.2014. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-733940

ABSTRACT

O objetivo do presente estudo foi comparar as características antropométricas e performance aeróbia e anaeróbia de adolescentes jogadores de futebol. Para tanto, participaram deste estudo 34 jogadores da categoria infantil (INF) (idade 14,44 ± 0,55 anos, massa corporal 60,94 ± 8,51 kg, estatura 173,16 ± 8,91 cm) e 30 jogadores da categoria juvenil (JUV) (idade: 15,94 ± 0,69 anos, massa corporal 70,0 ± 9,86 kg, estatura 177,58 ± 8,24 cm).Todos os adolescentes foram submetidos a medidas antropométricas, composição corporal e somatotipo, seguido pelos seguintes protocolos de campo: teste de Carminatti (T-CAR) para avaliação da potência aeróbia máxima a partir da determinação do pico de velocidade (PV), teste anaeróbio de sprints repetidos e teste de velocidade de 10 e 30 m. Para detectar possíveis diferenças entre as categorias competitivas foi utilizado o teste t de Student para amostras independentes adotando o nível de significância de 5%. Os jogadores JUV foram mais pesados, mais altos e apresentaram maiores perímetros musculares comparado aos jogadores INF, enquanto para o somatório das dobras cutâneas não foram visualizadas diferenças. Os desempenhos nos testes aeróbios e anaeróbios analisados foram significativamente superiores para a categoria juvenil em relação à infantil. Dessa forma, podemos concluir que a idade cronológica determina as diferenças nas características antropométricas e nos desempenhos físico de jovens jogadores no meio (categoria infantil) e final (categoria juvenil) da adolescência como provável resultado do processo de crescimento e maturação biológica.


The aim of this study was to compare anthropometric characteristics and aerobic and anaerobic performance of adolescent soccer players. For this, young soccer players classified asunder 15 - U15 (n=34; age 14.44 ± 0.55 years, body mass 60,94 ± 8,51 kg, stature 173,16 ± 8,91 cm) and under 17 - U17 (n=30; age 15.94 ± 0.69 years, body mass 70,0 ± 9,86 kg, stature 177,58 ± 8,24 cm) participated in this study. All adolescents were submitted to performed anthropometric assessments, body composition andsomatotype, accompanied by the following field tests protocols: Carminatti test (T-CAR) for the evaluation of maximal aerobic power from the determination of the peak velocity (PV), repeated sprints anaerobic test (40 m RSA) and the 10 m and 30 m speed test. To detect possible differences between competitive age groups (U-17 vs. U-15) was used t test for independent samples adopting significance level of 5%. Older players (U-17) were heavier, taller and had greater muscle circumferences compared to youngest players belonging U-15 age group, while for the sum of skinfolds were not visualized differences among them. Thus, we can conclude that chronological age determines differences in morphological characteristics and motor performances (aerobic and anaerobic indicators) of young soccer players in middle (U-15) and end (U-17) of adolescence period as probable outcome of biological growth and development.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adolescent , Anthropometry , Athletic Performance , Body Composition , Adolescent , Soccer
4.
Rev. bras. cineantropom. desempenho hum ; 15(4): 507-516, July-Aug. 2013. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-675864

ABSTRACT

O objetivo do estudo foi comparar a Potência anaeróbia máxima (Pmáx); Potência Anaeróbia Média (Pmed) e índice de fadiga (IF) entre atletas de diferentes posições táticas no futebol. Para isso, 248 atletas profissionais de futebol de campo (25,8±1,72 anos, 77,52±4,90 Kg e 178,48±5,63 cm), pertencentes a 1ª e 2ª divisão do estado do Rio Grande do Sul, avaliados durante o período de 1999-2010, divididos em cinco posições táticas: goleiros (GO) (n=28), laterais (LA) (n=35), zagueiros (ZA) (n=54), meio-campistas (MC) (n=81) e atacantes (AT) (n=50). Os atletas executaram o RAST test para determinar a Pmáx, Pmed e IF. Foi utilizada a ANOVA one way e post hoc de Tukey adotando-se o valor de significância de p<0,05. Diferenças significativas para a Pmáx (p<0,05) dos LA comparadas aos GO, ZA e MC; da Pmed dos LA para os GO, ZA e MC e dos AT e MC em relação aos GO (p<0,05). Na potência relativa de cada sprint, houve manutenção durante o 1º e 2º sprint entre as posições, exceto os MC e durante o 5º e 6º sprint, independente da posição, não houve decréscimo do desempenho de potência. Visto que foram encontradas diferenças significativas de Pmáx e da Pmed, dos LA em relação aos GO, ZA e MC, concluímos que esta evidência confirma que atletas de diferentes posições táticas apresentam variação quanto às características de suas ações.


This study aimed to compare the maximal anaerobic power (Pmáx), mean anaerobic power (Pm) and fatigue index (FI) among soccer players of different tactical positions. For this purpose, 248 professional soccer players (25.8±1.72 years old, 77.52±4.90 kg and 178.48±5.63 cm) from the 1st and 2nd division of the Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil, participated in this study. They were evaluated between 1999 and 2010 and divided into five positions: goalkeepers (GK) (n=28), external defenders (ED) (n=35), central defenders (CD) (n=54), midfielders (MF) (n=81), and forwards (F) (n=50). The RAST test was performed to evaluate their Pmáx, Pmed, and FI. ANOVA one-way and Tukey's post hoc were used to evaluate the relationship between the variables; significant level was p<0.05. Significant differences (p<0.05) were found for Pmáx of ED compared to GK, CD and MF. Similarly, Pm of ED also presented significant difference when compared to GK, CD and MF, as well as of F and MF compared to GK (p<0.05). In the relative power of each sprint, the athletes maintained the velocity during the 1st and 2nd sprint regardless of their positions, except for MF, and during the 5th and 6th sprint. There was no decrease in power performance for all positions. Since significant differences were found in Pmáx and Pm of ED compared to GK, CD and MF, we conclude that athletes of different tactical positions presented variation regarding the characteristics of their actions.

5.
Rev. bras. ciênc. mov ; 21(4): 134-141, 2013.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-733822

ABSTRACT

O objetivo deste estudo foi comparar a potência muscular de membros inferiores a partir do counter movement jump (CMJ) em diferentes momentos da temporada (final da temporada, inicio e final da pré-temporada seguinte) em jogadores de futebol e, além disso, foram estudados dados de composição corporal nos três momentos analisados. Participaram do estudo 17 atletas de futebol com idade de 17,8 ± 1,1 anos da categoria juniores de um clube de futebol profissional participante da série A do Campeonato Brasileiro. O percentual de gordura corporal estimado no início da pré-temporada foi significativamente superior ao mensurado no final da temporada anterior (p<0,05). O desempenho no salto vertical apresentou uma queda significativa (5,8%, p<0,05) apenas após a realização da pré-temporada quando analisada a variável altura. Por outro lado, a potência muscular normalizada pelo peso corporal apresentou manutenção nos três momentos analisados, indicando que o desempenho no CMJ é uma variável que não apresenta alteração após um período curto (4 semanas) sem treinamento formal e que a maior ênfase no treinamento aeróbio na pré-temporada pode ter contribuído para reduzir os níveis de potência muscular e a altura atingida num salto vertical.


The aim of this study was to compare the muscle power of the lower limbs by measuring the counter movement jump (CMJ) of soccer players at different moments of the season (end of the season, beginning and end of the next preseason). Body composition data were also collected at the three moments analyzed. Seventeen junior soccer players aged 17.8 ± 1.1 years from a professional football club participating in the Brazilian Championship volunteered to take part in this study. The % of body fat at the beginning of the preseason was significantly higher than that measured at the end of the previous season (p<0.05). Vertical jump height declined significantly (5.8%, p<0.05) after the completion of the preseason. On the other hand, muscle power was maintained at the three moments when normalized for body mass, suggesting that CMJ performance presents no modification after a short period (4 weeks) without formal training. Further, the large emphasis on aerobic training during preseason may have contributed to the lower levels of muscle power and jump height.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Young Adult , Athletes , Muscle Strength , Soccer , Competitive Behavior , Lower Extremity , Sports
6.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-535391

ABSTRACT

The intensity of training might be influenced by exercise mode and type of terrain. Thus, the objective of this study was a) to compare the physiological indices determined in the TCAR test carried out on natural grass (NG) and sandy ground (SG), and b) to analyze heart rate (HR) and blood lactate responses during constant exercise on SG and NG. Ten soccer players (15.11 ± 1.1 years, 168 ± 4.0 cm, 60 ± 4.0 kg) were submitted to the TCAR test to determine peak velocity (PV) and the intensity corresponding to 80.4% PV (V80.4) on NG and SG. The second evaluation consisted of two constant load tests (CLT) (80.4% PV on NG and SG) with a duration of 27 min. The paired Student t-test was used to compare the tests carried out on NG and SG. ANOVA (two-way), complemented by the Tukey test, was used to compare lactate concentrations [La] at 9, 18 and 27 min between the two types of terrain. A p value <0.05 was adopted. PV and V80.4 (15.3±1.0 and 12.3±0.6 km/h) were significantly higher on grass than on sand (14.3±1.0 and 11.5±0.4 km/h). Lactate concentration during the CLT [LaV80.4] was significantly higher on sand (4.1±0.9 mmol/L) than on grass (2.8±0.7 mmol/L). In the CLT, no significant difference in mean HR was observed between the two terrains, whereas there was a difference in [La]. In conclusion, the type of terrain interferes with indicators associated with aerobic power and capacity obtained by the TCAR test.


The intensity of training might be influenced by exercise mode and type of terrain. Thus, the objective of this study was a) to compare the physiological indices determined in the TCAR test carried out on natural grass (NG) and sandy ground (SG), and b) to analyze heart rate (HR) and blood lactate responses during constant exercise on SG and NG. Ten soccer players (15.11 ± 1.1 years, 168 ± 4.0 cm, 60 ± 4.0 kg) were submitted to the TCAR test to determine peak velocity (PV) and the intensity corresponding to 80.4% PV (V80.4) on NG and SG. The second evaluation consisted of two constant load tests (CLT) (80.4% PV on NG and SG) with a duration of 27 min. The paired Student t-test was used to compare the tests carried out on NG and SG. ANOVA (two-way), complemented by the Tukey test, was used to compare lactate concentrations [La] at 9, 18 and 27 min between the two types of terrain. A p value <0.05 was adopted. PV and V80.4 (15.3±1.0 and 12.3±0.6 km/h) were significantly higher on grass than on sand (14.3±1.0 and 11.5±0.4 km/h). Lactate concentration during the CLT [LaV80.4] was significantly higher on sand (4.1±0.9 mmol/L) than on grass (2.8±0.7 mmol/L). In the CLT, no significant difference in mean HR was observed between the two terrains, whereas there was a difference in [La]. In conclusion, the type of terrain interferes with indicators associated with aerobic power and capacity obtained by the TCAR test.

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