Safety of COVID-19 Vaccines among Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Real-World Data Analysis

Background@#Little is known about the adverse events (AEs) associated with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). @*Methods@#This study used vaccine AE reporting system data to investigate severe AEs among vaccinated patients with T2DM. A natural language processing algorithm was applied to identify people with and without diabetes. After 1:3 matching, we collected data for 6,829 patients with T2DM and 20,487 healthy controls. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to calculate the odds ratio for severe AEs. @*Results@#After COVID-19 vaccination, patients with T2DM were more likely to experience eight severe AEs than controls: cerebral venous sinus thrombosis, encephalitis myelitis encephalomyelitis, Bell’s palsy, lymphadenopathy, ischemic stroke, deep vein thrombosis (DVT), thrombocytopenia (TP), and pulmonary embolism (PE). Moreover, patients with T2DM vaccinated with BNT162b2 and mRNA-1273 were more vulnerable to DVT and TP than those vaccinated with JNJ-78436735. Among patients with T2DM administered mRNA vaccines, mRNA-1273 was safer than BNT162b2 in terms of the risk of DVT and PE. @*Conclusion@#Careful monitoring of severe AEs in patients with T2DM may be necessary, especially for those related to thrombotic events and neurological dysfunctions after COVID-19 vaccination.

Kleefstra syndrome combined with vesicoureteral reflux and rectourethral fistula: a case report and literature review

Kleefstra syndrome is a rare genetic disease characterized by mental retardation, hypotonia, and a characteristic facial appearance. Furthermore, in some cases, Kleefstra syndrome is associated with various anorectal and genitourinary complications, including imperforated anus, vesicoureteral reflux, hydronephrosis, and chronic kidney disease. Herein, we present a case of Kleefstra syndrome with recurrent urinary tract infections associated with vesicoureteral reflux and rectourethral fistula, which was treated by a multidisciplinary approach.

Acute Exacerbation of Neovascular Glaucoma after Carotid Artery Stenting

Neovascular glaucoma is a subtype of secondary glaucoma that is characterized by proliferation of fibrovascular tissue in the anterior chamber angle. This condition may be acutely aggravated by carotid revascularization therapies. There have been few previous reports of acute aggravation of neovascular glaucoma following carotid artery stenting. We report the case history of a patient who had acute exacerbation of neovascular glaucoma following carotid artery stenting and required surgical management.

Effects of the Trunk Maintenance Repositioning Method on Keeping a 30° Side-Lying Position, Comfort, and Skin Condition / 중환자간호학회지

PURPOSE: This study was performed to evaluate the effects of a prolonged a 30°side-lying position on comfort and skin condition by applying the trunk maintenance repositioning method, which can keep the 30°side-lying position effective for preventing pressure ulcers.METHOD: Fifty-four healthy nurses working at a general hospital in Seoul were randomly assigned to an experimental group (n=27) or a control group (n=27) and assumed a position of lying on their right or left side for two hours. The trunk maintenance repositioning method was applied to the experimental group using the pillow made by the researcher, while the original repositioning method was applied to the control group using the regular pillow from the subject hospital. Participants' posture angles, comfort, and skin condition were measured at the time of the intervention, as well as at one and two hours after the intervention.RESULTS: There was no statistically significant difference in position angle, comfort, skin condition change, or sacrum and greater trochanter pressure change between the two groups over time.CONCLUSION: It is necessary to review the method and frequency of change of position in each hospital. In addition, a proper position changing pillow should be developed in consideration of patients' various body shapes.

Rosai-Dorfman disease of soft tissue / 영남의대학술지

Rosai-Dorfman disease (RDD) is a benign proliferative histiocytic disorder of unknown etiology, which typically manifests as lymphadenopathy and systemic symptoms. Lymph node involvement is typical, but soft tissue RDD without nodal or systemic involvement is extremely rare. We report on a case of soft tissue RDD in a 16-year-old girl with a palpable mass on her buttock. It was firm, mobile, and discrete without tenderness. Excisional biopsy was performed, then RDD was confirmed histologically. RDD is a non-neoplastic disease that should be considered in the differential diagnosis of other soft tissue tumors. While the optimal treatment for extranodal RDD remains controversial, surgical excision is typically curative.

A Comparative Study the USA, Europe and Korea Guidelines of Antiplatelet Therapy for Patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome

OBJECTIVE: Patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) are typically managed with dual antiplatelet therapy of acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin) and P2Y12 receptor inhibitor. In this study, we discussed current and previous antiplatelet therapy guidelines and compared with guidelines of the USA (ACC/AHA), Europe (ESC) and Korea (KSC). METHOD: This study investigated from ACC/AHA Joint Guidelines (the USA), ESC Clinical Practice Guidelines (Europe) and Korea Society of Interventional Cardiology (Korea) web site, respectively. RESULTS: It is significant that difference between the current and the previous guidelines was integration of terminology from clopidogrel to P2Y12 receptor inhibitors since prasugrel and ticagrelor, new antiplatelet drugs, has been added. The other difference was all three guidelines has differences in dose of aspirin. The most notable difference was class of recommendation (COR) in P2Y12 receptor inhibitors. ACC/AHA and Korean guidelines recommend clopidogrel, prasugrel, and ticagrelor with COR IB; whereas, ESC recommend prasugrel and ticagrelor with IB which is higher than clopidogrel with IC. CONCLUSION: This research addresses important movement to revise the Korean existing guideline recommendations. New Korean antiplatelet therapy guideline should be avoiding obvious differences in ACC/AHA and ESC guidelines and harmonizing international guidelines.

Solitary Duodenal Metastasis from Breast Cancer

A 65-year-old female patient experienced melena for 10 days. Gastroduodenoscopy revealed a tumor in the duodenum, a portion of which was taken for biopsy, which showed a malignant tumor. She underwent pancreatoduodenectomy, and the final tumor pathology revealed invasive ductal carcinoma from the breast, which was confirmed using immunostaining of milk fat globule antigens. Nineteen years before, she had received a radical mastectomy due to invasive ductal carcinoma of the right breast. Hematogenous metastasis occurs in 33% of patients with breast cancer, mainly to the liver and lung, in invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC), and to the gastrointestinal tract, peritoneum, and retroperitoneum in invasive lobular carcinoma (ILC). Solitary metastatic duodenal tumors from breast cancer, especially IDC, is rare, particularly after a long time. This rare case is presented with a literature review.

A Case of Ectopic Hydatidiform Mole in the Uterine Cornua / 대한산부인과학회잡지

Ectopic pregnancy refers to gestation in which the fertilized ovum implants on any other tissure than tbe mucus membrane lining the uterine cavity. Cornual (intertitial) pegnancy is a relatively uncommon but potentially catastrophic form of ectopic pregnancy, defined as implantation in the intramural portion of a fallopian tube. A hydatidiform mole usually occupies the uterine cavity but it's occurrence in the uterine tube is extremely rare. Only a few cases of primary hydatidifm mole of the tube have been reported. We experienced a case of ectopic hydatidiform mole in the uterine cornua and so present it with brief review of literatures.

Laryngeal Schwannoma: A Case Report

Laryngeal schwannoma is extremely rare. We report the CT and MRI findings of a case occurring in a 65-year-oldwoman, and describe the pathologic correlation. Pre-contrast CT scanning revealed a right supraglot-tic mass witha slightly hyperdense central part and a hypodense peripheral part. Post-contrast CT scanning re-vealed anenhanced hyperdense central part and a rim-like hypodense peripheral part. The density of the pe-ripheral part waslower than that of muscle. The mass showed homogeneous low signal intensity on T1-weighted MR images, homogeneoushigh signal intensity on T2-weighted MR images, and an enhanced high signal intensity central part and a lowsignal intensity peripheral part on gadolinium enhanced T1-weighted images. The enhanced central part correlatedwith Antoni A areas and the peripheral part, showing low attenuation, correlated with Antoni B areas.

Biliary Tract & Pancreas; A Case of Biliary Mucinous Cystadenoma: Improved Jaundice after EST / 대한소화기내시경학회지

Biliary cystadenoma is a rare biliary ductal neoplasm that usually arises in the liver and less frequently in the extrahepatic bile ducts. Clinical manifestations are non-specific; hence preoperative diagnosis depends heavily on imaging. Computed tomography, ultrasonography, angiography and cholangiogram are useful diagnostic procedures in biliary cystic tumor, but definite diagnosis depends on histologic diagnosis. Surgical resection often yields excellent results. Surgical procedures used to treat cystadenomas include: aspiration, drainage, marsupialization, and excision. If there is no evidence of metastasis, complete resection of these tumors is necessary for a complete cure. We experienced an 80-year-old man who complained of jaundice and RUQ pain. He was diagnosed as biliary mucinous cystadenoma, We confirmed our diagnosis by cholangioscopic biopsy, and performed endoscopic sphincterotomy(EST). So, we report this case and have reviewed the relevant literature as a part of our report for the subject case.

Anal malignant melanoma: a case report and review of literatures

No abstract available.

Normal Sizes and Weights of Internal Organs of the Korean Young Male Adults

In autopsy, the evaluation of the size and weight of th internal organs is very important for the understanding of the pathologic conditions. The normal data of the internal organs must have regard to size, weight, sex, age and body weight. There are many reports on the normal value of human organs in Japan and other Western countries. But there are some variations in normal value according to race, geographics and living standard. In Korea, Lee & Roh had reported on weights of various organs of Korean and their proportional weights to body weights in 1957, based upon autopsy records from 1929 to 1941. But, there has been many improvement in socioeconomic status during past half-century in this country. And the Korean body conditions have much improved. Upon the base of above consideration, normal data fit for present Korean is mandatory. We have analysed records of 45 cases of Korean young adults's autopsy cases which were performed from Jan. 1984 to Dec. 1985, and obtained following data. The results obtained are as follows: Heart : left ventricle thickness; 1.76+/-0.3 cm right ventricle thickness; 0.5+/-0.1 cm Aorta circumference; 6.1+/-0.5 cm Pulmonary a. circumference; 7.0+/-0.7 cm Weight : 338+/-54 gm Lung : size: left; length 23.3+/-2.78 cm, width 12.3+/-2.28 cm, thickness 6.4+/-1.55 cm right; length 24.1+/-2.65 cm, width 14.7+/-2.95 cm, thickness 6.6+/-1.31 cm Weight : left; 541+/-117 gm, right; 634+/-118 gm Liver : size: greatest transverse measurement; 28.5+/-2.7 cm vertical measurement; 16.6+/-1.74 cm great anterior-posterior diameter; 8.8+/-1.51 cm weight: 1,559+/-267 gm Spleen : length: 12.7+/-2.1 cm, breadth: 8.4+/-1.5 cm, thickness: 3.4+/-1.1 cm, weight: 155+/- 69.3 gm Pancreas : length; 16.7+/-2.8 cm, weight: 111+/-34.5 gm Kidney : size: left; length; 11.2+/-0.7 cm, width; 5.9+/-0.7 cm, thickness; 3.8+/-0.8 cm, thickness; 3.6+/-0.7 cm weight: left; 150+/-25 gm, right; 138+/-29 gm Brain : weight: 1,498+/-132 gm