ABSTRACT
Spontaneous tonsillar hemorrhage (STH) is an extremely rare event. Usually, the causes of STH are ascribed to vessel wall erosion secondary to bacterial or viral infection of tonsils. Other causes include vascular or tumorous lesions around tonsil, coagulation disorders and idiopathic one. On one hand, the total number of reported STH has slightly increased because STH is defined as all forms of "bleeding tonsils", including even minor bleeding. On the other hand, the portion of the total STH that is life-threatening has become relatively few. Management of STH involves the use of antibiotics, and early tonsillectomy is recommended. We have experienced a case of a 29 year-old female with tonsillar hemorrhage in the absence of any identifiable cause. We report the case with a review of the related literatures.
Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Anti-Bacterial Agents , Glycosaminoglycans , Hand , Hemorrhage , Palatine Tonsil , TonsillectomyABSTRACT
Leiomyoma is the most common benign neoplasm of the uterus and gastrointestinal tract, but it is rare in the oral cavity. Also, its occurrence in the tongue is very rare because there is so little smooth muscle tissue present in this region. Clinically, oral leiomyoma usually grows slowly and is generally a non-ulcerated, small (1 to 2 cm), painless, sessile, firm and superficial nodule like lesion, although several authors have reported painful lesions. The diagnosis and treatment of oral leiomyoma is possible with complete surgical excision and histological studies by special stains. Recently, we experienced a 42-year-old woman with 6 month history of protruding tongue mass. She underwent surgical excision and the final pathological result confirmed it to be vascular leiomyoma. We report this case with a review of the related literatures.
Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Angiomyoma , Coloring Agents , Gastrointestinal Tract , Leiomyoma , Mouth , Muscle, Smooth , Tongue , UterusABSTRACT
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Cryoablation has been recognized as a potential tool in the treatment of cancer. Beside its ability to cause local destruction of the primary tumor, cryoablation has been claimed to induce a systemic anti-tumor immune response. We compared cryoimmunologic responses between cryoablation and surgical excision in a murine model of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). MATERIALS AND METHOD: Six-to 8-weeks-old female mice (total n=30) were used for this study. Tumors were established at the flank of C3H mice with the SCCVII cell line, which is an immunogenic murine SCC of spontaneous origin in the C3H/HeJ mice. The mice underwent surgical excision or cryoablation, when the tumors were between 0.3 and 0.6 cm in the largest dimension. Successfully treated mice were re-challenged with the murine bladder cancer cells, namely, SCCVII cell line or MBT-2 cells at the contralateral flank. One week later, secondary tumor growth was estimated. Spleens were harvested from the mice that had no tumor after re-challenge. Effector splenocytes were added to the target SCCVII cells prelabeled with 3H thymidine. Cytotoxicity was investigated by measuring 3H thymidine releases from target cells. RESULTS: After re-challenging the SCCVII cell line, tumors were developed in 33% (1/3) of the mice treated by surgical excision, compared to 0% (0/4) of mice treated by cryoablation. In the cytotoxicity assay, there were no significant differences between the excision and cryoablation group. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that the anti-tumor immunologic effect of cryoablation in the murine SCC model is not better than that of surgical excision.
Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Humans , Mice , Carcinoma, Squamous Cell , Cell Line , Cell Line, Tumor , Cryosurgery , Mice, Inbred C3H , Spleen , Thymidine , Urinary Bladder NeoplasmsABSTRACT
The malfunction of an expiratory unidirectional valve (EV) can cause rebreath of expired gas, barotraumas, or ventilatory failure during the general anesthesia. The following is a report on a case of ventilatoryfailure caused by an EV that failed to open during the induction of anesthesia. A 57-year-old man was scheduled for the biopsy of a vocal cord polyp. After intubation, we could not detect the evidence of ventilation through the endotracheal tube. Suspecting the esophageal intubation, we administered extubation. The patient was still having difficulty in ventilating even after a retrial of intubation. Then we discovered the EV was failing to open properly with ventilation and thus not able to function properly. The common cause of ventilatory failure immediately after intubation is malposition of an endotracheal tube, like esophageal intubation, and equipment failure also has reported. Accordingly, we should remember possible causes of ventilatory failure after intubations and routine conscientious inspection of the ventilator.
Subject(s)
Humans , Middle Aged , Anesthesia , Anesthesia, General , Barotrauma , Biopsy , Equipment Failure , Intubation , Intubation, Intratracheal , Polyps , Ventilation , Ventilators, Mechanical , Vocal CordsABSTRACT
The granulocytic sarcoma is a rare tumor and occurs primarily in patients with acute myelogenous leukemia (AML). The granulocytic sarcoma can arise before, concurrent with, or following acute myeloid leukemia. This tumor can be rarely represented as the initial presentation of acute myeloid leukemia without any signs or symptoms of leukemia. Granulocytic sarcoma, rarely, can also occur in unexpected regions, including the head and neck. This tumor is very often misdiagnosed as a malignant lymphoma which leads to inappropriate treatment and poor outcome. Therefore, clinical, histopathological and immumohistochemical findings should be evaluated before any diagnosis of malignant lymphoma. We report, with a brief review of literature, a case of granulocytic sarcoma presenting as a head and neck neoplasm.
Subject(s)
Humans , Diagnosis , Head , Leukemia , Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute , Lymphoma , Neck , Sarcoma, MyeloidABSTRACT
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Galectin-3 is a beta-galactoside binding protein that has been reported to be implicated in numerous biologic and pathologic functions including cell growth, cell adhesion, inflammation, neoplastic transformation, and apoptosis. Most previous studies in thyroid tissue have found galectin-3 expression to be a feature of malignant and not of benign or normal tissue. The aim of this study was to investigate the expression of galectin-3 in 57 thyroid lesions, to assess its potential as a marker in the diagnosis and classification of thyroid malignancy. SUBJECTS AND METHOD: The followings were studied: 19 cases of papillary carcinomas, 8 of follicular carcinomas, one anaplastic carcinoma, one medullary carcinoma, 16 follicular adenomas, and 12 nodular hyperplasia. Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded thyroid tissues were stained immunohistochemically for galectin-3. RESULTS: Galectin-3 expression was found in all cases, however, it was strong in papillary carcinomas than in follicular carcinomas or adenomas. In nodular hyperplasia, galectin-3 expression was very weak and focal. A significant difference was not found in the expression of galectin-3 between follicular carcinomas and follicular adenomas. CONCLUSION: Galectin-3 is a reliable marker of papillary carcinoma but not useful in identifying follicular carcinoma.
Subject(s)
Adenoma , Apoptosis , Carcinoma , Carcinoma, Medullary , Carcinoma, Papillary , Carrier Proteins , Cell Adhesion , Classification , Diagnosis , Galectin 3 , Hyperplasia , Immunohistochemistry , Inflammation , Thyroid GlandABSTRACT
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The most frequent complication of FESS (functional endoscopic sinus surgery) is stenosis of the operation site. The complication may influence the postoperative wound healing and the outcome of surgery. There are several measures proposed to prevent the complication. We sought to determine the efficacy of GUARDIX-SL which is made from sodium hyaluronate and sodium carboxymethylcellulose in soluble form. MATERIALS AND METHOD: For 7 rabbits, we made a surgical opening anterior to sinus ostium of the maxillary sinuses on both sides. We put the gelfoams soaked with GUARDIX-SL into the left openings and those soaked with normal saline into the right openings as a control group. We measured the size of the openings after two weeks. RESULTS: There was no synechiae in GUARDIX-SL group whereas we found synechiae developed in two openings in the control group. The mean area of the opening was 9.29 mm2 and 1.61 mm2 in GUARDIX-SL group and the control group (p=0.027), respectively. CONCLUSION: GUARDIX-SL was effective in reducing postoperative stenosis in the animal model.
Subject(s)
Animals , Rabbits , Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium , Constriction, Pathologic , Gelatin Sponge, Absorbable , Hyaluronic Acid , Maxillary Sinus , Models, Animal , Wound HealingABSTRACT
The advent of tracheobronchial stent has allowed physicians to improve airway obstruction of both benign and malignant obstruction. Benign stenosis of the trachea and bronchi related to intubation, inflammation and granulomatous disease has been treated successfully with stenting. Other benign processes such as tracheomalacia and post-lung transplantation anastomotic stenosis have also been alleviated with stent placement. But the most common use for these stent is for the relief of malignant obstructive-lesion. Although stent placement is not a curative procedure, it can improve airway patency substantially, thus relieving dypnea and potentially improving quality of life. Recently, we placed a tracheal stent to relieve patient's dyspnea caused by recurrent thyroid cancer. So, we would like to introduce our experience with a case of malignant tracheal stricture caused by recurrent thyroid papillary carcinoma. We could restore airway patency in this patient by placement of a metallic endotracheal stent.