Resilience of Children Expressed in Films and Fictional Stories

Psychological resilience in children preventing them from being overwhelmed by traumatic events and nurture their healthy development is universal and powerful. Movies about fairy tales provide children with the notion of the existence of the power and various manifestations. Even though the traumatic event affects the development of the child, with a good supporting system and by providing healthy internal and external factors to reconstruct the event, the traumatized child may accept the event objectively, develop the healthier part of the ego, and even sublimate the traumatic events. As the children participate in movies or plays, several protectors can be devised. The child prepares the role under a "promise" of virtual reality, performs the role recognizing that the traumatic event is not real, and returns to real life as the role or play ends. When these protectors are provided, it is considered that resilience can function properly and the role does not have a negative influence on the development of a child.

Endoscopic Tympanoplasty / 대한이비인후과학회지

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Modern endoscopes provide a direct access into the hidden recesses of the middle ear using a minimally invasive approach. The authors employed endoscopes in a transcanal tympanoplasty and analyzed the results for the further application of these endoscopic procedures to various otologic surgeries. MATERIALS AND METHOD: 15 ears with chronic otitis media and 2 ears with congenital cholesteatoma were operated under local anesthesia using 2.7 mm and 4 mm rigid endoscopes, a camera, and a monitor. RESULTS: The structures in the posterior tympanum were directly visualized with 0 endoscope in all cases without removal of the overlying bone. The attic was visualized with 70 endoscope after removal of the incus. 15 tympanoplasties were performed in 14 cases of chronic otitis media and in 1 congenital cholesteatoma. Staged tympanoplasties were performed for the other 2 cases. The intraoperative aid postoperative courses were uneventful in all cases. All cases showed closure of' the perforation and 15 cases showed favorable hearing results postoperatively. CONCLUSION: The endoscopes directly visualized the structures in the posterior tympanum and the transcanal endoscopic tympanoplasties showed closure of the perforation and favorable hearing results postoperatively. With the employment of these endoscopes, minimally invasive otologic surgeries will be possible on the ears with narrow canal, adhesive otitis, ossicular abnormalities, and other abnormalities.

Four Cases of Large Cerebellopontine Angle Tumors Removed by Translabyrinthine Approach / 대한이비인후과학회지

Several approaches to the cerebellopontine angle and internal auditory canal have been described for the removal of large acoustic tumors. Of these, the translabyrinthine removal of the large cerebellopontine angle tumors requires extensive removal of bones in order to manage the low-lying tegmen, the anterior sigmoid sinus, and the high jugular bulb. We removed 4 large cerebellopontine angle tumors by the translabyrinthine approach alone. All tumors were totally removed with acceptable facial nerve function. There was a case of CSF leak which was repaired at the revision surgery.

The Association of Ovarian Preservation during Hysterectomy with Obesity in Premenopausal Women / 대한산부인과학회잡지

OBJECTIVES: To determine if hysterectomy with or without ovarian preservation is asso-ciated with obesity in premenopausal women. METHODS: 581 women for routine check up from Jan. 1985 to Dec. 1995 in the depart-m ent of Gynecology at Korea Veterans Hospital were included. The obesity was evaluated by BMI(body mass index) scores. 80% of hysterectomy were confirmed from the hospital records. The age, weight, height, blood pressure, menstr- ual history, history of DM and hypertension, social history of alcohol and smoking and other cardiovascular risk factors such as cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, triglycerides were checked. The 248 women with natural postmenopausal status before hysterectomy, taking hormonal replacement therapy after hysterectomy and having performed hysterectomy due to malign- ancy were excluded. RESULTS: All women performed hysterectomy were in premenopausal status in this study. Therefore, the final numbers of subjects included in the analysis was 333. Hysterectomy wit- hout ovarian preservation were performed in 58 cases and hysterectomy with ovarian pres- ervation were in 57 cases. The 218 premenopausal cases which did not performed hystere- ctomy were considered control group. BMI scores were higher in cases without ovarian pres- ervation than with ovarian preservation. And BMI score was associated with the postoper- ative duration in hysterectomy with ovarian preservation. CONCLUSIONS: We suggest that hysterectomy without ovarian preservation in premeno- paussal women were associated with increased obesity, especially BMI scores.