To evaluate the effect of yoga on moderate degree hypertension and lipid profile.

Yoga is a practice consisting of gentle stretching, breath control and mind-body intervention. So we aimed at yoga practice on blood pressure and lipid profile. Methods: Carried out at Dept of Cardiology, Owaisi Hospital and research centre. After taking written informed consent, we selected 60 Patients (30 females and 30 males) age 40 years to 60 years who attended our programs with moderate hypertension who is volunteered to participate in the study. They were trained in asanas (postures), Pranayama (breathing exercise) and relaxation techniques for 6 months. Blood pressure, Serum total cholesterol, LDL, VLDL, HDL cholesterol and total triglycerides were measured at the beginning (baseline, day 0) and at the end of the study (after 6 months). Results: The systolic blood pressure came down from 164.0+ 1.9 to 140+1.9 mmHg, Diastolic blood pressure 96+0.8 to 82+0.6 mmHg, pulse rate declined from 85+1.2 to 77 + 0.7 per min, the TC concentration decreased significantly from 200+ 6.5 to 170+ 3.6 mg/dl (p< 0.001) the LDL reduced from 166+ 4.2 to 148+3.7 mg/dl (p<0.001) and the triglycerides showed a significant decrease from 189+10.3 to 166+8.6 mg/dl (p<0.001), while the HDL cholesterol showed a marked increase from 39+1.4 to 46+1.2 mg/dl (p<0.05). Conclusion: The results conclude that the Yoga practice in patients with moderate degree hypertension leads to decrease in blood pressure and lipid profile within the period of 6 months.

Effect of sleep deprivation on blood glucose and vital data.

Background: The shift work affects human health and performance by disrupting circadian rhythms and by causing numerous alterations in human behaviour. We have taken night shift workers as they were sleep deprived people, comparing with the same variables in same persons during day shift work, to assess, how sleep deprivation (night shift work) impacts on persons health. So we decided to study the effect of sleep deprivation on blood glucose and vital data. Method: 58 normal healthy male volunteers aged ranging from 25 to 45 years were selected from Madras cement factory Limited and tested for Fasting Blood Glucose, Pulse Rate, Respiratory Rate, Temperature, Systolic Blood Pressure, Diastolic Blood Pressure before and After Sleep Deprivation. Results: Mean Fasting Blood Glucose levels after sleep deprivation, when compared to mean fasting Glucose levels after normal sleep is significantly increased (P value < 0.05). The mean Temperature after sleep deprivation, when compared to mean Temperature after normal sleep is significantly decreased (P value < 0.05). The mean Systolic Blood Pressure after sleep deprivation when compared to mean Systolic Blood Pressure after normal sleep is significantly Raised (P value < 0.05)The mean Diastolic Blood Pressure, mean respiratory rate and mean pulse rate after sleep deprivation was not significant (P value > 0.05). Conclusion: This study concludes that sleep deprivation play a role to increase blood glucose levels and blood pressure.The results suggest that sleep deprivation play a role in the etiology of hypertension and diabetes mellitus.

To evaluate the involvement of autonomic nervous system during pre and post menstrual phases in young women.

Background: During reproductive life, Women undergo many types of behavioural and hormonal changes, which influence various functions of body. ANS provides physiological adaptive background for these changes. The main aim of this study is to carry out autonomic function tests during various phases of menstrual cycle. Method: Different Methods were used to evaluate sympathetic and Parasympathetic activity. This study was carried out in two different phases of menstrual cycle viz. premenstrual phase (late luteal phase-LL) and post menstrual phase (early follicular phase –EF). Results: The autonomic function tests and heart rate variables were recorded and data was tabulated for Statistical evaluation with student paired “t” test. P 0.05 was considered as statistically significant. The tests for sympathetic activity were compared during pre and post menstrual phases. It was observed that pulse rate, blood pressure and cold pressor test were statistically more significant (p<0.01), while orthostatic variation in arterial blood pressure was statistically significant (p<0.05) in premenstrual phase as compared to post menstrual phase of menstrual cycle. For parasympathetic activity it was observed that heart rate response, expiratory: inspiratory ratio and valsalva ratio were statistically not significant (p>0.05) in both pre and post menstrual phases of menstrual cycle. Conclusion: In this study the responses to various sympathetic tests were significantly altered in premenstrual phase as compare to that of postmenstrual phase, reflecting the significant increase in the sympathetic activity. These changes may be due to gonadal steroids imbalance during post menstrual phase (EF) and premenstrual phase (LL) of menstrual cycle which in turn affects HPA axis and ANS significantly. Significant increased sympathetic activity responses indicate an augmented stress system.

Seroprevalence of chlamydial infection in patients attending STD.

Background: Chlamydial disease has the major scourges of humans. In women severe, sometimes irreversible complications usually present as the first symptom of genital infection. Though contemporary diagnostic methods are reliable for identifying infections there are economic and acceptance issues surrounding certain intervention strategies involving frequent community wide screening for early detection and for mass treatment. So we aimed at the Chlamydial infections in the community. Method: The study population was 150 cases out of which 100 cases were symptomatic patients who are attending STD clinic and 50 were control group. We selected ELISA test by the patella Chlamydia IgG ELISA kit supplied by BIO-RAD agencies, Hyderabad for detecting Chlamydia IgG antibodies after the Ethical Committee approval. Results: The test results were tabulated. Out of 100 test sera collected for chlamydial infections with variety of clinical symptoms, 12 patients have shown seropositivity, 20.83% belongs to the age group of 21-25 years, 17.64 % of them are belongs to rural group,14.18% are females and 16.66% of patients suffers with syphilis. Conclusion: Present study concludes that 12 cases were positive for chlamydial infection. Majority of the patients belong to the age group of 21-25 years and least incidence was seen among the age group less than 20 years and females were affected more than males. Distribution of chlamydial infection was more in rural area than urban and was found to be syphilis than other STD cases.

Involvement of autonomic nervous system in isometric handgrip in healthy young subject.

Background: HRV can be considered a relatively simple, noninvasive and sensitive method for studying autonomic modulation, purpose of the present study was to determine whether readily measured blood pressure (BP) indices and responses to autonomic reflex tests could be used as surrogates of short-term heart rate variability. Different Methods were used to evaluate sympathetic and Parasympathetic activity. Results: The autonomic function tests and heart rate variables were recorded and data was tabulated for Statistical evaluation. A two tailed P value less than or equal to 0.05 (5%) were considered statistically significant. Heart Rate Variability in Male Mean R-R interval and SDNN of time domain analysis were highly significant on comparing supine to standing (P<0.001),Similarly LF, HF power, Total Power and LFnu of frequency domain analysis were highly significant on comparing supine to standing (P<0.001) and in Females also it is same. Conclusion : Considering the results our data indicate a decrease in HRV that seems to be expressions of a reduction in autonomic modulation in postural change from supine to standing erect both in male and female subjects. The findings suggestive of a shift in cardiac autonomic regulation towards sympathetic activation in response to real life stressors which also includes the decrease in parasympathetic modulation and no significant correlation between readily measured blood pressure indices to heart rate variables in both male and female groups, we suggest that mean heart rate, SBP, DBP and RPP cannot be used as surrogates of HRV. However, observations need to be made in healthy subjects belonging to various age groups and in patients with conditions known to be associated with autonomic deregulation.