ABSTRACT
Background: Urinary retention is one of the common urological emergencies and conventional ‘blind’ SPC frequently used comfortable as well superior procedure for patients. During conventional SPC, the distended bladder is identified by palpation or percussion without proper attention to intervening bowel segment and other structures. However, the recently published data suggests that if, ultrasound is used during SPC, and it identifies not only bladder but also intervening bowel segment which complications. Therefore, the objective of this study was to assess and compare the perioperative complications of both methods.Methods: This prospective study was conducted between years November’2017 to June’2019. Sixty patients (n=60) of urinary retention were randomized to undergo ultrasound guided or conventional SPC procedures. Patients were divided into two equal groups of 30 patients in US-SPC (Group-A) and C-SPC (Group-B). After either SPC, the patients were closely observed for development of complications.Results: Overall, the patients had mean age of 53.87+21.418 and 53.87+21.418 years in C-SPC and US-SPC group, respectively. Mean operative time and subsequent initial urine drainage were almost equal in both groups. However, in C-SPC group, 5(16.7%) patients developed complications in the form of 03 misplaced catheters outside bladder, 01 into retro pubic space and another 01 into rectum. All patients in Group-A required ultrasound guided revision of SPC compared to none in Group-B.Conclusion: Overall, the ultrasound-guided SPC (US-SPC) is safer procedure compared to conventional ‘blind’ C-SPC in relieving urinary retention in emergency, thus it should be recommended procedure whenever need arise for SPC procedure.
ABSTRACT
Background: Majority of poorly functioning kidney (PFK) due to primary ureteropelvic junction obstructions (UPJO) in young adult have potential to recover after an attempted percutaneous nephrostomy (PCN). The split renal function measured by nuclear renal scan may not be sufficient enough to predict recovery of such kidney. Therefore, this study was undertaken to determine the functional recovery and potential salvageability of PFK due UPJO. Objective of the study was to evaluate safety and efficacy of PCN in adult patients with severe hydronephrosis due to PUJO.Methods: A total of 25 (10 male and 15 female) young adult patients of severe hydronephrosis due to PUJO and SRF<20% underwent PCN procedures. Only, those who had significant improvement in their SRF ≥10% and developed PCN output ≥400 ml/day underwent Anderson-Hyenas pyeloplasty and rest underwent nephrectomy.Results: Both male and female young patients had significantly improvement after 6 weeks of PCN, their mean pre-PCN SRF changed from 16.30% and 12.27% to became 28.10±08.41% and 18.53±09.89%, respectively. Those with age <30 years improved most with ≥10% increase in the mean SRF and in 72% patients average PCN output increased from 279.80±93.90 ml/day to 445.20±160.341 ml/day at 6 weeks period. Overall, the patients with average PCN output ≥400 ml/day had a mean improvement of 10.33±05.48% in SRF. However, 5(20%) developed haematuria, 8% fever, 16% displaced PCN tip with no major puncture site bleed.Conclusions: The trial of PCN before definite surgery in young adult patients with poorly functioning kidney due to UPJO not only predicts renal renal function recovery but also prevent unwarranted renal loss.
ABSTRACT
Myrica esculenta (Myricaceae) and Syzygium cumini(Myrtaceae), the Indian traditional fruits were studied for their biochemical assay, antifungal activity and mineral analysis. The biochemical assay in terms of total phenols, flavonols, ortho dihydroxy phenolic, ascorbic acid & phytic acid content and antioxidant activity revealed different quantitative make up in all the different samples. The in vitro antioxidant activity determined by reducing power assay, chelating power on Fe2+ ions and 2, 2-diphenylpicrylhydrazil (DPPH) radical scavenging activity were found to be good to moderate in a dose dependent manner in all the extracts. The extracts showed significant antinociceptive and antipyretic activity on mice. Methanolic extracts of both the fruits collected from different regions exhibited good antifungal activity against the three pathogenic fungi viz; Rhizoctonia solani, Sclerotium rolfsii, and Fusarium oxysporium. All the extracts studied for their mineral analysis through atomic absorption spectroscopy also revealed quantitative variation of N, P , K , S, Fe, Zn, Cu and Mn. Fe was found to be maximum in all the samples however Na was absent in all the samples.
ABSTRACT
Rose Bengal is used as a photo sensitizer in photo galvanic cell for solar energy conversion and TEAis used as an electron donor in this study. The effects of various parameters like pH, light intensity, diffusion length, reductant concentration and dye concentration on the electrical output of the cell is studied. The photo potential and photocurrent generated by this cell are 840 mV and 145μA, respectively. The current voltage (i–V) characteristic of the cell is also studied and a mechanism for the generation of photocurrent is proposed.