ABSTRACT
Background:Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is one of the most common public health issues worldwide that requires a critical consideration. Knowing the prevalence of HBV infection in a geographical area aids in ascertaining theextent of the fatal infection. Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) positivity is a strong indicator of true HBV infection rate in the community. The current study aims to estimate the prevalence of HBsAg in teaching hospital-based population. Large numberof patients from diverse backdrop visit our institution, and hence assist in obtaining a precise representation of the viral prevalence in the community.
ABSTRACT
Central granular cell odontogenic tumor (CGCOT) is an unusual benign odontogenic neoplasm characterized by the presence of granular cells associated with apparently inactive odontogenic epithelium. These tumors tend to occur in the posterior mandible and usually present as well‑defined unilocular or multilocular radiolucent lesions. So far, only <40 cases of CGCOT have been described in the literature under various terminologies. Though these tumors were not considered as distinct entity in the recent WHO classification of odontogenic tumors, long‑term follow‑up is recommended as malignant counterpart of CGCOT has already been reported. The main aim of this article is to report an additional case of CGCOT to the literature, occurring in a 73‑year‑old male.
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: Nucleolar organizer regions are loops of DNA containing ribosomal RNA genes and presumably are associated with ribosomal RNA activity, protein synthesis, and cell proliferation. Argyrophilic nucleolar organizer region (AgNOR) count has been suggested as an objective method in differentiating dysplastic lesions from non‑dysplastic lesions. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This descriptive study was done on archival paraffin blocks (n = 60), consisting of 10 normal human oral epithelium, 22 cases of non‑dysplastic leukoplakia (NDLK), and 28 cases of dysplastic leukoplakia (DLK). The AgNORs were counted with the aid of a manual using conventional light microscopy and photographs of the same were taken and analyzed using Image Pro Express 6.0 (Media Cybernetic Inc., USA) for windows. RESULTS: The mean AgNOR count per nucleus was found to be higher in patients with DLK as compared to NDLK and controls using both manual counting and image analysis method and on comparing both the techniques, image analysis provide a more accurate reflection of AgNOR counts than manual counting. CONCLUSION: To conclude, reliability of computerized image technique of AgNOR count is the most appropriate marker to differentiate between dysplastic and NDLK. Computer‑assisted image analysis system was found to be an effective tool in achieving high reproducibility as compare to manual.