ABSTRACT
The authors analysed 196 cases of convulsive disorder in children who were admitted to the pediatric department of Kyunghee Hospital from June 1993. Blood samples were drawn immediately following seizures on arrival. Serum prolactin values were measured by radioimmunoassay. The results obtained were as follows: 1) Mean serum prolactin value was 55.4+/-20.8ng/ml in generalized seizures within 1 hr following seizures, 22.5+/-3.9ng/ml in partial seizures. There was a significant difference between generalized scizures and partial scizures (p0.05). We found transient hyperprolactinemia following generalized seizures but a little change following gartial seizures. Postictal elevation of serum prolactin may represent a biochemical marker of generalized and partial seizures.
Subject(s)
Child , Humans , Biomarkers , Hyperprolactinemia , Prolactin , Radioimmunoassay , SeizuresABSTRACT
Acute tubular necrosis has been rarely reported as a complication of typhoid fever in the literature. We experienced four cases of acute tubular necrosis associated with typhoid fever in children. Patients showed significant titer of widal reaction associated with acute renal failure and one of them rised in 2 months after onset of clinical symptoms. Renal biopsy findings were compatible with acute tubular necrosis and immune complexes were not deposited in the glomeruli. Clinical and urinary findings were normalized by hemodialysis and antibiotic therapies. In conclusion, close longterm follow up of widal titer is mandatory in acute tubular necrosis, especially when associated with high fever.
Subject(s)
Child , Humans , Acute Kidney Injury , Antigen-Antibody Complex , Biopsy , Fever , Follow-Up Studies , Necrosis , Renal Dialysis , Typhoid FeverABSTRACT
Pulmonary artery sling is a rare congenital cardiovascular anomaly which presents clinical obstructive symptoms and signs of trachea, right main bronchus and esophagus due to left pulmonary artery abnormaly arises from proximal part of right pulmonary artery. Aberrant left pulmonary artery courses to the right above right main bronchus and then turns to the left, and courses to between the anterior of the esophagus and the posterior aspect of trachea. One of important clinical significances of the pulmonary artery sling is associated with intracardiac anomalies, and with tracheal stenosis and bronchomalacia due to press tracheobronchial tree by the aberrant pulmonary artery. It has been thought that embryological malconnection between the pulmonary artery bud from left sixth arch and the pulmonary posterior branchial plexus in the left lung bud. We had experienced 21 months old male infant with left pulmonary artery sling associated with persistent left superior vena cava and dextropostioned heart. The heart seems to move to right hemithorax due to hypoplasia or segmental atelectasis of right lung.
Subject(s)
Humans , Infant , Male , Bronchi , Bronchomalacia , Esophagus , Heart , Lung , Pulmonary Artery , Pulmonary Atelectasis , Trachea , Tracheal Stenosis , Vena Cava, SuperiorABSTRACT
No abstract available.
Subject(s)
Child , Humans , Evoked Potentials, Auditory, Brain Stem , Nervous System DiseasesABSTRACT
We had previously reported the purification of bovine lung natural surfactant-phospholoipd (PNSL)and the assessment of it's surface physical properties in vitro. To observe the clinical effectiveness of PNS-L in vivo, the degree of improvement of thoracic pressure-volume, compliance and histological changes following PNS-L instilation in premature rabbits with respiratory distress syndrome(RDS)were investigated. Rabbits, delivered prematurely by cesarean section at 27 days, treated with PNS-L via tracheostomy, were enrolled the study group. Two control groups were premature RDS rabbits (no treatment with PNS-L)and mature rabbits. We compared the results of thoracic pressure-volume changes during deflation phase and lung compliance changes among PNS-L treated study group and two control groups, and compared the results of aefated lung area ratio (%) on histologic samples among PNS-L treated study group and two control groups by the methods of IBSA-2000. There were significant improvements of thoracic pressure-volume during duflation phase(p<0.001), lung compliance (p<0.01, p<0.005, p<0.001) and increased acrated area histologically (p<0.005)in PNS-L treated study group compared with premature control group. It was suspected that PNS-L had contained the effective survace physical properties as a function of pulmonary surfactant. And improvement of pulmonary ventilatory functions and histological characteristics, were observed in PNS-L treated RDS model in vivo study.
Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Infant, Newborn , Pregnancy , Rabbits , Cesarean Section , Compliance , Lung , Lung Compliance , Pulmonary Surfactants , TracheostomyABSTRACT
One-hundred ninty five cases with Kawasaki disease who were diagnosed and treated at the Department of Pediatrics, Kyung Hee University Hospital from January 1985 to June 1993, were investigated for their clinical manifestations and laboratory findings, and cardiac complications. The results are as follows: 1) Most patients (92.8%) were under 5 years of the age. 2) Boys were more prevalent than girls, as a ratio of 2.3 : l 3) The incidence of principal symptoms and signs were fever over 5 days (89.8%), bilateral conjunctival injection (78.5%), changes of oral mucosa and lip (82.3%), skin eruption (72.8%), changes in extremities (58.5%), and cervical lymphadenopathy (47.2%). 4) The main laboratory findings observed were anemia (29.2%), leukocytosis (90.8%), thrombocytosis (89.7%), increased ESR (85.1%), positive CRP (100%), increased sGOT (33.3%), increased sGPT (34.9%), pyuria (41.5%), proteinuria (5.6%), microscopic hematuria (9.7%), and abnormalities of EKG (23.5%). 5) Abnormal findings of the heart were found in 27.2% by echocardiogram and coronary aneurysm and dilatation were present in 19.7%. 6) Among 147 cases assessed by echocardiogram, the abnormalities of coronary artery were present in 16 of 92 cases (17.4%) in the aspirin and intravenous gammaglobulin treated group, as compared with 13 of 55 cases (23.6%) in the aspirin treated group.
Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Alanine Transaminase , Anemia , Aspartate Aminotransferases , Aspirin , Coronary Aneurysm , Coronary Vessels , Dilatation , Electrocardiography , Extremities , Fever , Heart , Hematuria , Incidence , Leukocytosis , Lip , Lymphatic Diseases , Mouth Mucosa , Mucocutaneous Lymph Node Syndrome , Pediatrics , Proteinuria , Pyuria , Skin , ThrombocytosisABSTRACT
Respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) of preterm infants remains a significant cause of morbidity and mortality despite improvements in neonatal intensive care and artificial ventilatory techniques. After identification of the deficiency of pulmonary surfactant is major pathophysiologic basis in RDS, artificial surfactant replacement therapy in RDS was first successfully tested by Fujiwara and co-workers in 1980. therefore, exogenous surfactant replacement produced exellent results in improved clinical and repiratory status during the acute period and decreased incidence of late complications and mortality. According to comparison of administration timing between early (within 6 hours after birth) and late (after 6 hours)group, early replacement therapy is more effective in improving of clinical course and prognosis. Because of that, early, just after birth, recognition and detection of RDS is also important procedure. There are many investigations and methods for the detection of RDS in prenatal or postnatal period. Among then, stable microbubble rating (SMR) test was a simple method and SMR test has a higher diagnostic accuracy. To determine the relation of the SMR and purified natural surfactant (PNS) concentration in vitro, the author conducted each 5 times test of SMR method according to 5 groups of PNS concentration by using modified Pattle's method. The results were as follows: 1) The mean and standard deviation of SMR according to 5 groups of PNS concentration were 119.4 (15.0in 20mug PL (phospholipid)/ml, 452.2 (160.2 in 40mug PL/ml, 879.0 (93.4 in 60mug PL/ml, 1311.8 (274.8in80mug PL/ml, 1710.6(272.3 in 100mug PL/ml. 2) The regression curve of SMR and PNS concentration showed statistically significant relation(p<0.005). In conclusion, the SMR test was a good method in estimation of surfactant concentration in vitro and also in diagnosis of RDS recognized as a surfactant deficiency. In the future, we expected that prophylactic surfactant replacement therapy. immediate after birth, will be more popular in the field of neonatal care of RDS. So, we recommended the use of this method for early detection and serving optimal care of RDS.
Subject(s)
Humans , Infant, Newborn , Diagnosis , Incidence , Infant, Premature , Intensive Care, Neonatal , Microbubbles , Mortality , Parturition , Prognosis , Pulmonary SurfactantsABSTRACT
No abstract available.
Subject(s)
Animals , Rats , Adenosine Triphosphatases , Brain , gamma-Aminobutyric Acid , PhenytoinABSTRACT
Henoch-Schonlein purpura is a common pediatric disease presenting most frequently with skin, gastrointestinal, joint and renal manifestations. But in cases are infrequently only severe gastrointestinal manifestations. It is hard to diagnose promptly and exactly. Clinical manifestations and laboratory findings were observed and analyzed in 20 cases with Henoch-Schonlein purpura which were considered as acute abdomen, hospitalized at Kyung Hee university Hospital during the period from December, 1982 to September, 1992. The following results were obtained; 1) The age distribution of Henoch-Schonlein purpura had a peak incidence between 7 to 9 year old. And male preponderance was observed with male to female ratio of 2.33 to 1. 2) The most prevalent season for the initial presentation of Henoch-Schonlein purpura was in fall: in 10 cases (50%). 3) The frequency of each type of clinical manifestations showed 20 (100%), 20 (100%), 18 (90%), 8(40%) cases for skin, gastrointestinal, joint and renal manifestation respectively in order of frequency. 4) The common previous illness were URI, 40 cases (50%) and allergy, 2 cases (10%). 5) The onset time of skin manifestation from admission were 1 to 4 days (75%0, 5 to 8 days (15%), 9 to 12 days (10%) explolaparotomies were done the last 2 cases. 6) In all cases, X-ray study (100%), abdominal sono (50%), Meckels scan and colon study (5%) respectively were done. 7) Hematologically leukocytosis over 10,000/mm3 was observed in 80% of cases and increase in ESR over 20 mm/hr in 65% of cases. Coagulation studies, immunologic and complement level revealed the result within normal range in most of the cases. 8) Among 8 cases with renal involvement, all cases had both hematuria and proteinuria. 9) Most cases were recovered within 4 weeks but in 4 cases, renal biopsies were done because of relapse. The results were Meadow classification grade I (1 case), II (1 case), IVa (2 cases). After renal biopsy, steroid pulse therapy was started.
Subject(s)
Child , Female , Humans , Male , Abdomen, Acute , Age Distribution , Biopsy , Classification , Colon , Complement System Proteins , Hematuria , Hypersensitivity , Incidence , Joints , Leukocytosis , Proteinuria , IgA Vasculitis , Recurrence , Reference Values , Seasons , Skin , Skin ManifestationsABSTRACT
Porencephaly is relatively rare condition defined by an defect or a defect or cavity in the cerebrum owing to a developmental malformation or to a destructive lesion. Fory-five porencephaly patients diagnosed by Brain CT were clinically analyzed and the following results were obtained. 1) By the age group presenting initial symptoms, the peak incidence was from 1 month to below 3 years old. 2) In initial symptoms, seizure, spastic weakness, headache were showed in order of frequency. But 7 cases (15.5%) were asymptomatic. 3) The latency of diagnosis after presenting initial symptoms from the symptom onset time to 10 years. 4) The subsequent symptoms were as follows: spastic weakness, speech disturbance, gait disturbance, mental retardation, sensory loss and seizure showed independently or combined. 5) As etiologic factor, 21 cases (46.7%) were congenital, 16 cases (35.5%) were post-traumatic or post-operative and 8 cases (17.8%) were perinatal. 6) The prognosis was seen various from mild to severe. Out of 45 cases, 29 cases (64.4%) were no complications. But the prognosis in patients with post-traumatic or postoperative etiological factors was poor. With the advent of brain CT and the resultant capability of detecting structural defect and cerebral lesions responsible for epilepsy or focal neurologic signs, porencephaly was seen to be readily recongizable by CT examination. Since porencephaly is a significant contributor to the spectrum of CNS lesion and benign condition, ist recognition is important in determining prognosis and therapy.
Subject(s)
Child, Preschool , Humans , Brain , Cerebrum , Diagnosis , Epilepsy , Gait , Headache , Incidence , Intellectual Disability , Muscle Spasticity , Neurologic Manifestations , Prognosis , SeizuresABSTRACT
Form March 1982 to December 1991, 110 cases of typical post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis and 25 cases of Atypical acute glomerulonephritis were clinically investigated at Department of pediatrics, Kyung Hee University Hospital, and following Data were obtained. 1) Male to Femal ratio was 1.8:1 (Atypical AGN). peak incidence was from 7 to 12 years. 2) The most common preceding infections were upper respiratory infection, unknown, cervical lymphadenitis, scarlet fever, Incubation periods were mostly from 1 to 2 weeks. 3) The most common chief complaints were edema, gross hematuria, oliguria, headache. 4) The most common physical findings were facial edema, hypertension, pharyngeal injection. 5) There were significant difference between atypical AGN and typical PSGN in the BUN and WBC (P<0.05, p<0.1). Also there were significant difference between typical PSGN and atypical AGN in the ESR (P<0.1). 6) Treatment regimens were penicilline, dipyridamole, anti-hypertensive agents. 7) Complete recovery occurs in most of most of patients within 1 year.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Antihypertensive Agents , Dipyridamole , Edema , Glomerulonephritis , Headache , Hematuria , Hypertension , Incidence , Lymphadenitis , Oliguria , Pediatrics , Penicillins , Scarlet FeverABSTRACT
We experienced a case of congenital goiter with congenital hypothyroidism in 45 day-old male, who complained of respiratory difficulty and anterior neck mass. After admission, he was diagnosed congenital hypothyroidism by the clinical manifestations and laboratory tests including biochemistry, radioimmunoassay, radioisotope study, perchlorate discharge test, and bone radiography. We obtained positive finding at the perchlorate discharge test and found that his congenital goiter with congenital hypothyroidism was manifested by organification defect. We started treatment with L-thyroxine orally at 6th hospital day. The case was presented with brief review of literatures.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Biochemistry , Congenital Hypothyroidism , Goiter , Neck , Radiography , Radioimmunoassay , ThyroxineABSTRACT
This study was aimed to clarify the effects of systemic kainic acid (KA) administration (10 mg/kg i.p.) on somatostatin containing neurons, and to examine the distribution of somatostain immunoreactive neurons in the cerebral cortex of the rats. Animals were sacrificed at three time points at the two, six, and ten days after the injection of KA. Thirty-six rats were observed by using the free-floating immunohistochemical method (modified ABC method). The results were as follows: 1) In the anterior and posterior cingulate cortex, somatostatin immunoreactive neurons were not observed in 2,6,10days after treatment of KA including control group except Cg 1 showing some somatostatin immunoreactive neurons in 10days and control groups. 2) In the insular cortex, somatostatin immunoreactive neurons also were not observed in any groups except AIV showing few somatostatin immunoreactive neurons in control group. 3) In the perirhinal cortex, few somatostatin immunoreactive neurons were observed in 2 days and 6 days groups. In control group, a number of somatostatin immunoreactive neurons observed. 4) A strong decrease of somatostatin immunoreactive neurons were observed in the frontal, arietal, temporal and occipital cortex 2 days after treatment of KA. Initially decreased somatostatin immunoreactive neurons had recovered to control 10 days after treatment. 5) Distribution of the somatostatin immunoreactive neurons was observed marked difference according to the cortical areas. Somatostatin immunoreactive neurons in isocortex were more increased in number than the allcotex by control study. The changes in somatostatin immunoreactive neurons after systemic treament of KA were marked in 2 days and 6 days, but these had recovered to control 10 days the treatment of KA. It suggested the normalization of the cerebral function 10 days after seizure. According to the cerebral cortex, the different distribution of somatostatin immunoreactive neurons in number was observed.
Subject(s)
Animals , Rats , Cerebral Cortex , Gyrus Cinguli , Kainic Acid , Neurons , Seizures , SomatostatinABSTRACT
Infectious mononucleosis is a common systemic illness primarily invloving children and young adults and due apparently to the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). Although the typical case is easily recogniged, unusual manifestations or serious complications occur frequently enough to pose problems in diagnosis and management. Neurologic complications are rare(1%). These nerologic complications may actually precede the full clinical picture or present as the sole manifestation of the illness, thereby causing a confusing clinical picture and delay in diagnosis. We have experienced a case of infectious mononucleosis associated with facial nerve palsy in a 22-months old female. She was admitted to the hospital with the fever, right facial nerve palsy and hepatosplenomegaly. The diagnosis was made on the clinical findings, immunologic findings and the typical findings of peripheral blood smear. On peripheral blood smear, atypical lympocytes with relative lympocytosis were seen. On Immunologic study EBV anti-VCA IgM titer was 1:20 and the IgG titer was 1:40. To our knowledge, this is the first report in Korea. So, we report this case and the brief literatures of infectious mononucleosis associated with neurologic complications and other viral diseases which caused facial nerve palsy.