ABSTRACT
Objective To explore the relationship between peripheral blood T lymphocyte subsets and prognosis of patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who received treatment with camrelizumab. Methods We retrospectively collected data from 88 patients with advanced NSCLC who underwent camrelizumab treatment. Peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets were collected from patients before and two months after treatment. Kaplan-Meier curves and Cox regression analysis were employed to investigate the relationship between peripheral blood T lymphocyte subsets and PFS and OS. Results Compared with non-responder group, the baseline peripheral blood CD4+/CD8+ ratio was higher (P=0.038), while the CD8+T lymphocyte percentage was lower (P=0.036) in the responder group. Kaplan-Meier curves showed that a high baseline CD4+/CD8+ ratio was associated with long PFS and OS (P=0.001, P=0.023). Multivariate Cox analysis revealed that the baseline CD4+/CD8+ ratio was a significant predictor for PFS and OS. Additionally, a high post-treatment CD4+/CD8+ ratio and high CD4+T lymphocyte percentage were associated with long PFS (P=0.005, P=0.015), whereas a low post-treatment CD8+T lymphocyte percentage was associated with long PFS and OS (P=0.001, P=0.016). Conclusion The peripheral blood CD4+/CD8+ ratio can serve as a predictive factor for survival of patients with NSCLC treated with camrelizumab.
ABSTRACT
Objective:To investigate the risk factors of diabetic kidney disease (DKD) in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients in plain-sand areas and loess hilly areas of Gansu province.Methods:A total of 1 599 T2DM patients who participated in chronic disease and risk factors monitoring and basic public health service management were selected by multi-stage stratified random sampling method in the sandy plain areas and loess hilly areas of Gansu province. Questionnaire survey, physical measurement and laboratory tests were performed. Multivariate binary logistic model was used to analyze the influencing factors.Results:The prevalence of DKD was 22.1% (174/787) among T2DM patients in the sandy plain areas and 19.1%(155/812) in the loess hilly area, respectively. Hypertension ( OR=3.022), hyperuricemia ( OR=2.114) and HbA1c≥7%( OR=2.231) were the risk factors for DKD in the plain-sand areas, and the risk of DKD increased with age. In the loess hilly areas, female sex ( OR=0.379) was the protective factor for DKD; while duration of disease≥10 years ( OR=2.476), hyperuricemia ( OR=1.907), HbA1c≥7% ( OR=1.927) were the risk factors for DKD; and the risk of DKD increased with the increase of age, and decreased with the increase of per capita monthly income. Conclusions:The prevalence of DKD and its influencing factors are different between sandy plain areas and loess hilly areas in Gansu province. The prevention and treatment of hypertension should be given more attention in sandy plain areas. In addition, the screening of DKD should be conducted among T2DM patients, particularly for those with old age, hyperuricemia and HbA1c≥7% in both areas of the province.
ABSTRACT
The mechanisms of general anesthesia, which was introduced about 170 years ago, remain poorly under- stood. Even less well understood are the effects of general anesthesia on the human body. Recently we identified 18 G-protein coupled receptor (GPCR) genes of Daphnia pulex, an invertebrate model organism. Phylogenetic analysis identified these genes to be the homologs of the human γ-aminobutyric acid, type B (GABAB) receptor, metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluR), adrenergic receptor, serotonin (5-HT) receptor, dopamine receptor and muscarinic acetylcholine receptor (mAChR). Using reverse transcription and quantitative PCR techniques, we systematically measured the effects of propofol, etomidate and ethanol on these 18 GPCR mRNA expressions in Daphnia pulex.