Endoscopic therapy for liver cirrhosis with esophageal variceal bleeding / 临床肝胆病杂志

Esophageal variceal bleeding is a serious complication of liver cirrhosis. Endoscopic therapy is a main method for the prevention and treatment of esophageal variceal bleeding, which includes endoscopic variceal ligation, sclerosing agent injection, endoscopic ultrasound-guided injection of sclerosing agent, tissue adhesive injection, self-expandable covered metallic stent, and combination treatment. This article reviews the indications, clinical effect, and complications of these endoscopic therapies.

Construction of Protokaryon Expression Vector Containing Tat and Xiap Genes / 医学研究杂志

Objective To construct the prokaryotic expression vector containing XIAP and TAT gene.Methods XIAP gene was synthesized and the pTAT-HA plasmid was digested with NcoI and XhoI restriction enzyme,then rat XIAP gene was ligated by T4 DNA ligase with pTAT-HA plasmid to construct pTAT-XIAP expression plasmid encoding XIAP and TAT fusion protein.pTAT-XIAP vector was transformed into E.coli.DH5?.Transformants were cultured on LB medium and selected.The plasmids were extracted,purified and identified by agarose gel electrophoresis.Results A few of transformants with pTAT-XIAP on LB medium containing ampicillin were observed and a number of them on LB medium without ampicillin,none of untrasformed DH5? colonies were found on LB medium with ampicillin.The gel electrophoresis analysis showed that the molecular weight of recombinated pTAT-XIAP vector was 4500bp and the pTAT-HA vector was about 3000bp consistent with the atlas of the vector.Conclusion XIAP gene was cloned into pTAT-HA vector,pTAT-XIAP vector was successfully constructed.

AN IMMUNOELECTRON MICROSCOPIC STUDY ON THE SYNAPTIC RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN DOPAMINERGIC AND GABAergic NEURONS IN THE BASOLATERALNUCLEUS OF THE RAT AMYGDALA / 解剖学报

Objective To explore the relationship between dopaminergic axon terminal and GABAergic neurons and explore the neuroanatomic mechanism of their effects in schizophrenia. Methods The co-location and the association of dopaminergic axon terminal and GABAergic neurons in the basolateral nucleus (BL) of rat amygdala were examined by using double labeling immunoelectron microscopic techniques. Dopaminergic axon terminal and GABAergic neurons were labeled with the antidopamine (anti-DA) and the anti-glutamic acid decarboxylase (anti-GAD) antibodies respectively. Results 43% of the DA-input synapses was observed to relate directly or indirectly to GAD-immunoreactive(IR) dendritic structures(DA/GAD), which includes single (38%), convergent (30%), serial (20%), and axoaxonic (12%) contact types.And 57% of the DA-input synapses was found to associate with unlabeled elements (DA/UE), which includes unlabeled perikarya (10%), dendrites (82%) and axons (8%). All of the synapses that show DA-IR terminals profiles were found to be symmetric (inhibitory) synapses.Conclusion These results suggest that the dopaminergic system in the BL of rat amygdala controls the mediations of the GABAergic interneurons via symmetric synapses. In addition, the dopaminergic axon terminal associates with the glutamatergic projection neurons and exerts influence on its activity.