ABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the effects of angiotensin Ⅱ (Ang Ⅱ) stimulating on cholesterol influx in human renal proximal tubular epithelial cells (HK-2) and the relation to low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLr) pathway.Methods HK-2 cells were cultured and divided into the control group (incubated with serum-free medium) and Ang Ⅱ group (treated by 10-7 mol/L of Ang Ⅱ for 24 hours).The effects of Ang Ⅱ on lipid accumulation were examined by Oil red O staining and a quantitative assay of intracellular cholesterol.The expression of LDLr,sterol regulatory elementbinding protein (SREBP) cleavage activating protein (SCAP) and SREBP-2 mRNA and protein were examined by real-time PCR and Western blotting.The cotranslocation of SCAP-SREBP-2 from endoplasmic retieulum to Golgi in HK-2 cells was examined by immunofluorescent staining under confocal microscopy.Results Ang Ⅱ treatment increased intracellular lipid accumulation in HK-2 cells,which was associated with increased mRNA and protein expression of LDLr,SCAP,and SREBP-2 in HK-2 cells induced by Ang Ⅱ.Furthermore,results from confocal microscopy observation demonstrated that Ang Ⅱ increased the translocation of SCAP/SREBP-2 complex from endoplasmic reticulum to Golgi,thereby up-regulating LDLr gene transcription.Conclusion Ang Ⅱ disrupts LDLr feed-back regulation to increase cholesterol uptake and induce intracellular lipid accumulation.
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE To investigate antibiotic resistance and antibiotics usage of meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus(MRS) and provide reference evidence in antibiotics using.METHODS Antibiotic susceptibility test was performed by biological assay system of VITEK-2.Design questionnaires to get the message of the categories,days,effects of antibacterial drug used.RESULTS Drug sensitive ratio to vancomycin,nitrofurantoin,quinupristin-dalfopristin,linezolid were all over 90.00%.The resistant ratios to some antibacterials in MRS were higher than in meticillin-sensitive Staphylococcus(MSS).The categories of antibacterials used after Staphylococcus species detection were more than before.63.01% patients′ medication was determined by antibiotic susceptibility test.Staphylococcus isolated ratio was 43.75% after antibacterial drug used.CONCLUSIONS The status of MRS is very serious.We should pay more attention to the identification and report of resistant strains and it is important to supervise Staphylococcus efficiently and medication by antibiotic susceptibility test.