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We report a female infant born preterm to a woman at 35 gestational weeks and four days in a normal pregnancy prior to delivery, with normal liquor volume and good maternal and infant outcomes. The baby was transferred to the neonatal department 30 min after birth at Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, on March 21, 2020. The infant weighed 2 800 g with 7 and 9 Apgar scores respectively at 1 and 5 min. The mother had been diagnosed with COVID-19 at 26 +6 weeks of pregnancy and the maternal serum level of IgM was negative and that of IgG was 20.77 AU/ml (normal reference <10 AU/ml) before delivery. The baby had hypoglycemia on admission, and the blood sugar stabilized after treatment. Though early mild feeding intolerance occurred, the baby was able to feed normal by eight days after birth. The baby was in good condition during hospitalization and discharged. Throat swab specimens obtained from the infant on the 2nd, 3rd and 8th day after birth for SARS-Cov-2 RNA detection were all negative. On the 2nd and 8th day after birth, SARS-Cov-2 IgM in the neonatal serum were negative, while elevated IgG levels of 30.2 AU/ml and 25.3 AU/ml (normal reference value <10 AU/ml) were observed, suggesting that the infant's IgG antibody of SARS-CoV-2 may have come from the mother. According to this case report, no intrauterine vertical transmission was found in the pregnancy with SARS-CoV-2 infection in the second trimester, while further follow-up is still needed.
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Objective@#To analyze the cerebroplacental blood flow distribution characteristics in monochorionic-diamniotic (MCDA) twin pregnancies with selective fetal growth restriction (sFGR), and investigate the relationship between co-twin cerebroplacental blood flow discordances and co-twin birth weight discordances (BWdisc).@*Methods@#The cerebroplacental blood flow distribution characteristics and their discordances were analyzed retrospectively in 52 MCDA twin pregnancies with normal growth (control group) and 52 with sFGR (case group), including the umbilical artery pulsatility index (UA-PI), middle cerebral artery peak systolic velocity (MCA-PSV), middle cerebral artery pulsatility index (MCA-PI), cerebroplacental ratio (CPR), and their discordances (UA-PIdisc, MCA-PSVdisc, MCA-PIdisc and CPRdisc).@*Results@#Compared to the control group, UA-PIdisc, MCA-PIdisc and CPRdisc increased significantly (all P<0.01). UA-PIdisc, MCA-PIdisc and CPRdisc were related positively to BWdisc as shown by correlation analyses (r=0.488, 0.414, 0.592; all P<0.001), and they had moderate predictive accuracy for sFGR with area under the curves of 0.743, 0.662 and 0.778, with sensitivity of 48.08%, 67.31% and 71.15%, and specificity of 92.31%, 59.62% and 78.85% (all P<0.01). Multivariate Logistic regression analyses showed that only CPRdisc were independently associated with sFGR (P<0.05).@*Conclusions@#More cerebroplacental blood flow discordances are observed in MCDA twin pregnancies with sFGR. Co-twin cerebroplacental blood flow discordance is related to BWdisc.
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Objective@#To investigate the mechanism of wild-type p53-induced phosphatase (Wip1) in regulating p53-dependent apoptosis of trophoblasts for further understanding the etiology of preeclampsia (PE).@*Methods@#Placenta tissues were collected from normal (n=15) and PE (n=13) gravidas who underwent caesarean section in the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University from June 2017 to December 2018. Chorionic villus and decidua tissues were collected from another 10 women who aborted in early pregnancy. Two in vitro trophoblastic hypoxia cultures were established by subjecting human chorionic trophoblast cells (HTR8/SVneo) to either hypoxia intervention in incubator (HII) or simulated ischemic buffer (SIB). Wip1 expressions at the transcriptional and protein levels were determined by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting, respectively. The localization of Wip1 in placental tissues and HTR8/SVneo cells was determined by immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence. Cell apoptosis was assessed by flow cytometry after viral infection and hypoxia. And the changes of pathway-related molecules including p53, phospho-p53 (p-p53), mouse double minute 2 homolog (Mdm2) and cleaved caspase3 (cl-cas3) were measured by Western blotting. The impact of Wip1 on Mdm2-p53 interaction was examined by co-immunoprecipitation. NVP-CGM097, an Mdm2-p53 specific inhibitor, was administered in PE cell models to verify the regulation of Wip1 on trophoblastic apoptosis through Mdm2-p53 pathway. Independent student's t-test, Welch's t-test and one-way analysis of variance were used as statistical methods.@*Results@#(1) Wip1 expression, which was mainly in trophoblast cells, was significantly elevated in human PE placentas (mRNA: 1.711±0.141 vs 0.860±0.126, t=4.496; protein: 0.449±0.027 vs 0.192±0.019, t=7.902) and in both in vitro trophoblastic PE models (protein in HII: 1.376±0.086 vs 0.977±0.114, t=2.792; SIB: 1.243±0.057 vs 0.381±0.045, t=11.910) compared with the corresponding control groups (all P<0.05). (2) Compared with corresponding control groups, overexpression of Wip1 suppressed the hypoxia-induced upregulation of p53 (HII: 0.185±0.024 vs 0.572±0.072; SIB: 0.400±0.067 vs 0.803±0.064), cl-cas3 (HII: 0.243±0.034 vs 0.529±0.072; SIB: 0.179±0.011 vs 0.368±0.025) and p-p53/p53 protein expression (HII: 1.326±0.129 vs 2.100±0.187; SIB: 0.473±0.028 vs 0.925±0.036) and also reduced the apoptosis rate [HII: (8.925±1.092)% vs (17.610±1.980)%; SIB: (13.910±1.886)% vs (24.650±1.622)%], which in turn promoted Mdm2-p53 binding (all P<0.05). However, knockdown of Wip1 gene expression in HTR8/SVneo cells brought about opposite effects (all P<0.05). (3) Neither overexpression nor knockdown of Wip1 influenced p53 or cl-cas3 expression when Mdm2-p53 interaction was blocked by NVP-CGM097.@*Conclusions@#Mdm2-p53 interaction promoted by Wip1 upregulation could compensate for the trophoblastic p53 accumulation in response to hypoxia, while exogenous upregulation of Wip1 in trophoblasts may reverse hypoxia-induced apoptosis. Therefore, this might provide a new therapeutic target for PE.
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Objective To investigate the mechanism of wild-type p53-induced phosphatase (Wip1) in regulating p53-dependent apoptosis of trophoblasts for further understanding the etiology of preeclampsia (PE). Methods Placenta tissues were collected from normal (n=15) and PE (n=13) gravidas who underwent caesarean section in the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University from June 2017 to December 2018. Chorionic villus and decidua tissues were collected from another 10 women who aborted in early pregnancy. Two in vitro trophoblastic hypoxia cultures were established by subjecting human chorionic trophoblast cells (HTR8/SVneo) to either hypoxia intervention in incubator (HII) or simulated ischemic buffer (SIB). Wip1 expressions at the transcriptional and protein levels were determined by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting, respectively. The localization of Wip1 in placental tissues and HTR8/SVneo cells was determined by immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence. Cell apoptosis was assessed by flow cytometry after viral infection and hypoxia. And the changes of pathway-related molecules including p53, phospho-p53 (p-p53), mouse double minute 2 homolog (Mdm2) and cleaved caspase3 (cl-cas3) were measured by Western blotting. The impact of Wip1 on Mdm2-p53 interaction was examined by co-immunoprecipitation. NVP-CGM097, an Mdm2-p53 specific inhibitor, was administered in PE cell models to verify the regulation of Wip1 on trophoblastic apoptosis through Mdm2-p53 pathway. Independent student's t-test, Welch's t-test and one-way analysis of variance were used as statistical methods. Results (1) Wip1 expression, which was mainly in trophoblast cells, was significantly elevated in human PE placentas (mRNA: 1.711±0.141 vs 0.860±0.126, t=4.496; protein: 0.449±0.027 vs 0.192±0.019, t=7.902) and in both in vitro trophoblastic PE models (protein in HII: 1.376±0.086 vs 0.977±0.114, t=2.792; SIB: 1.243±0.057 vs 0.381±0.045, t=11.910) compared with the corresponding control groups (all P<0.05). (2) Compared with corresponding control groups, overexpression of Wip1 suppressed the hypoxia-induced upregulation of p53 (HII: 0.185±0.024 vs 0.572±0.072; SIB: 0.400±0.067 vs 0.803±0.064), cl-cas3 (HII: 0.243±0.034 vs 0.529±0.072; SIB:0.179±0.011 vs 0.368±0.025) and p-p53/p53 protein expression (HII: 1.326±0.129 vs 2.100±0.187; SIB:0.473±0.028 vs 0.925±0.036) and also reduced the apoptosis rate [HII: (8.925±1.092)% vs (17.610±1.980)%;SIB: (13.910±1.886)% vs (24.650±1.622)%], which in turn promoted Mdm2-p53 binding (all P<0.05). However, knockdown of Wip1 gene expression in HTR8/SVneo cells brought about opposite effects (all P<0.05). (3) Neither overexpression nor knockdown of Wip1 influenced p53 or cl-cas3 expression when Mdm2-p53 interaction was blocked by NVP-CGM097. Conclusions Mdm2-p53 interaction promoted by Wip1 upregulation could compensate for the trophoblastic p53 accumulation in response to hypoxia, while exogenous upregulation of Wip1 in trophoblasts may reverse hypoxia-induced apoptosis. Therefore, this might provide a new therapeutic target for PE.
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Objective To analyze the cerebroplacental blood flow distribution characteristics in monochorionic‐diamniotic ( MCDA ) twin pregnancies with selective fetal grow th restriction ( sFGR ) ,and investigate the relationship between co‐twin cerebroplacental blood flow discordances and co‐twin birth weight discordances ( BWdisc ) . Methods The cerebroplacental blood flow distribution characteristics and their discordances were analyzed retrospectively in 52 MCDA twin pregnancies with normal grow th ( control group) and 52 with sFGR ( case group) ,including the umbilical artery pulsatility index ( U A‐PI) ,middle cerebral artery peak systolic velocity ( MCA‐PSV ) ,middle cerebral artery pulsatility index ( MCA‐PI ) , cerebroplacental ratio ( CPR ) ,and their discordances ( U A‐PIdisc ,MCA‐PSVdisc ,MCA‐PIdisc and CPRdisc ) . Results Compared to the control group ,UA‐PIdisc ,MCA‐PIdisc and CPRdisc increased significantly ( all P ＜0 .01) . U A‐PIdisc ,MCA‐PIdisc and CPRdisc were related positively to BW disc as show n by correlation analyses ( r＝0 .488 ,0 .414 ,0 .592 ;all P ＜ 0 .001) ,and they had moderate predictive accuracy for sFGR with area under the curves of 0 .743 ,0 .662 and 0 .778 , with sensitivity of 48 .08% ,67 .31% and 71 .15% , and specificity of 92 .31% ,59 .62% and 78 .85% ( all P ＜ 0 .01 ) . M ultivariate Logistic regression analyses showed that only CPRdisc were independently associated with sFGR ( P ＜ 0 .05 ) . Conclusions More cerebroplacental blood flow discordances are observed in MCDA twin pregnancies with sFGR . Co‐twin cerebroplacental blood flow discordance is related to BW disc .
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OBJECTIVE: To investigate the rheological property of Kappa carrageenan and the effects of standing time, concentration, and temperature on the viscosity of carrageenan solution. METHODS: The fluid type was determined by fitting the rheological profiles to Power law model. The effect of temperature on the rheological behavior was investigated according to the viscous flowactivation energy(Eη) which was calculated by the Arrhenius formula. RESULTS: The viscosity of carrageenan solution decreased with the increase of shear rate and temperature, whereas it increased with the concentration. There existed a positive correlation between Eη and concentration. Furthermore, the effects of different cations on the viscosity were also studied and the results indicated that the viscosity increased significantly with the ionic concentration, especially that of potassium chloride. CONCLUSION: Carrageenan was inferred to be pseudo-plastic fluid which hasthe character of shear thinning effect and its viscosity is significantly affected by cationic species.
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Objective To improve the quality of personal dose equivalent measurement by exploring optimal annealing temperature conditions.Methods Totally 60 pieces of thermoluminescent detectors were randomly and equally divided into 6 groups.The 6 groups underwent 10-min annealing under 200,220,230,240,250 or 260 ℃ respectively,and then were cooled with the same conditions and went through measurement after irradiation by the calibrated radiation source.The above operation of annealing,cooling and measurement were repeated for 10 times,and the 6 groups were compared on dispersity,sensitivity and glow curve.Results Single test proved that under 240 ℃ the dispersity,sensitivity and glow curve gained optimal results comprehensively,while repeated tests showed that the dispersity had the optimal value under 250 ℃ and the sensitivity decreased significantly as the times of annealing rose.Conclusion Annealing conditions have to be selected according to the requirements of the thermoluminescent detector.
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Objective To improve the quality of personal dose equivalent measurement by exploring optimal annealing temperature conditions.Methods Totally 60 pieces of thermoluminescent detectors were randomly and equally divided into 6 groups.The 6 groups underwent 10-min annealing under 200,220,230,240,250 or 260 ℃ respectively,and then were cooled with the same conditions and went through measurement after irradiation by the calibrated radiation source.The above operation of annealing,cooling and measurement were repeated for 10 times,and the 6 groups were compared on dispersity,sensitivity and glow curve.Results Single test proved that under 240 ℃ the dispersity,sensitivity and glow curve gained optimal results comprehensively,while repeated tests showed that the dispersity had the optimal value under 250 ℃ and the sensitivity decreased significantly as the times of annealing rose.Conclusion Annealing conditions have to be selected according to the requirements of the thermoluminescent detector.
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The chemical constituents of Plantaginis Semen with hypoglycemic effect was investigated in this paper. The previous results of the in vivo hypoglycemic effect showed that 60% ethanol extract of Plantaginis Semen decreased the levels of FBG and improved the glucose tolerance in high fat diet(HFD)-induced diabetic C57BL/6 mice. Then, in the present study, the above potential bioactive extract was separated and purified by silica gel, ODS, Sephadex LH-20 column chromatography, medium pressure liquid chromatography(MPLC)and preparative HPLC. The structures of isolated compounds were identified by physicochemical properties and spectral analyses. Eight compounds were obtained and identified as 4, 4a, 5, 7a-tetrahydro-7-(hydroxymethyl)cyclopenta[c]pyran-3(1H)-one(1), iridolactone(2), pedicularislacton(3), rehmaglutin C(4), geniposidic acid(5), p-hydroxylphenylglycerol(6), 1, 2-benzenediol-4-(2-hydroxyethyl)(7), and 3-buten-2-one-4-[3-(β-D-glucopyranosyloxy)-4-hydroxyphenyl](8). Among them, compounds 1-5 were iridoids, and 6-8 were phenolic acids. Compound 1 was a new natural product, and compounds 2-4, 6 and 8 were isolated from the Plantaginaceae family for the first time.
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Objective To investigate the clinical values of quantitative ultrasound elastography technique in detecting internal carotid artery thickness .Methods One hundred and forty healthy objects who have conducted physical examination in our hospital from February 2012 to August 2015 were selected ,and divided in to three groups:the healthy control group (n=40;IMT<0 .9 mm) ,the IMT thickening group (n=60;0 .9 mm≤ IMT < 1 .3 mm) and plaque group(n= 40 ;IMT ≥1 .3 mm) .All the three groups conducted routine ultrasound and quantitative ultrasound elastography ,and the clinical data investigation and laboratory ex‐amination were carried out at the same time .Results The TC ,LDL‐C values in the plaque group and intimal thickening group were significantly higher than the control group (P<0 .05) .The AC values in the plaque group and intimal thickening group were signif‐icantly higher than the control group (P<0 .05) ,while the AI and PWVβvalues were significantly lower(P<0 .05) .Linear corre‐lation analysis showed that IMT were positively correlated to the AI ,PWVβ (r=0 .512 ,P <0 .05 ;r= 0 .483 ,P<0 .05) ,and the AC were negatively correlated (r= -0 .713 ,P<0 .05);Logistic analysis showed that LDL‐C ,AC ,PWVβwere the major independ‐ent risk factors for IM T (P<0 .05) .Conclusion Ultrasound elasticity quantitative detection of neck vessels is safe and can non‐in‐vasive dynamically observe blood vessel wall changes during the progression of atherosclerosis ,thus it's helpful in the judge and i‐dentification of internal carotid artery thickness .
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To summarize the oncological and functional results of patients with fibrous dysplasia in the proximal femur and explore its clinical effect.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>From Apr. 2007 to Jan. 2009, 15 patients with fibrous dysplasia in proximal femur were treated. There were 9 males and 6 females, ranging in age from 16 to 32 years with an average of 25 years. The course of disease was from 2 months to 16 years with an average of 2 years. Among them, 12 cases were unilateral affection and 3 cases were hibateral affections; 12 cases were one bone and 3 cases more than two bones. The collodiaphyseal angles of 2 cases with coxa adducta was 80 degrees and 100 degrees respectively; and femur lengths were shorter than opposite side (5 cm and 3 cm, respectively). The curettage and allogenous and/or autogenous bone-grafting combined with internal fixation were performed in all patients and valgus osteotomies was performed in 2 case with shepherd's crook deformity.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>All patients were followed up from 12 to 32 months. Two cases with shepherd's crook deformity, the collodiaphyseal angles recovered after surgery, the relative length of femur was increased 4 cm and 3 cm respectively and they can walk with stick at 4 months after operation. No found recurrence and loosening of internal fixation. Bone graft was absorbed at 3 months and bone healing at 8-12 months after operation. The pain vanished and functions were normal.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>It is an effective method to treat fibrous dysplasia in proximal femur with curettage and bone-grafting combined with internal fixation. Corrective osteotomy and internal fixation with a dynamic hip screw is a good and effective method in treating severe symptomatic shepherd's crook deformity.</p>
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Adolescent , Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Bone Transplantation , Femur , General Surgery , Fibrous Dysplasia of Bone , General SurgeryABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore a method of isolation, culture and chondrogenic phenotype differentiation of mesenchymal stem cell (MSCs) from the bone marrow of rats in vitro and to offer experimental reference for the resources of seeding cells in cartilage tissue engineering.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>MSCs were isolated from bone marrow and purified by density gradient centrifuge and cultured in vitro. The MSC adherence formed and those in passage 3 were chosen to induce into chondrogenic differentiation. After 7, 14, 21 days, immunohistochemical techique was applied to detect the expression of collagen type II. The differentiated cells were implanted on the CPP/PLLA composites. After the cell-scaffold complex was cultured in vitro for one week, the ultrastructure of the scaffold was observed with scanning electron microscopy.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The differentiated cells changed from a spindle-like fibroblastic appearance to a polygonal shape, the capability of proliferation was down markedly. Immunohistochemical staining of collagen II were positive for the pass age, especially in the 21st days. Induced MSCs were well adherent to the scaffold composites and the cells were embedded by the cell-matrix.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Under the induced medium, MSCs can differentiate into chondrogenic phenotype and secrete specificity matrix of cartilage in vitro. MSCs can likely be served as optimal cell source for cartilage tissue engineering.</p>