ABSTRACT
Ski is an evolutionary conserved protein, which is involved in diverse cellular processes such as proliferation, differentiation, transformation and tumor progression. In spinal cord injury, the activation of astrocytes and reactive astrocyte hyperplasia are important factors affecting the formation of glial scar after spinal cord injury. Ski is highly expressed after spinal cord injury, and acts on astrocytes through transforming growth factor-beta, mitogen-activated protein kinase and other signaling pathways, and regulates their activation, proliferation, migration and glial scar formation, providing a new therapeutic direction for the treatment of spinal cord injury.
ABSTRACT
The studies of Botulinum toxin A (BoNT/A) are progressing in many fields. BoNT/A has been used in neurological disorders, such as pains, spasticity, dystonias and autonomic disorders, etc. The pharmacological interaction among BoNT/A, neuronal transport and protein has been explored, and promoted basic science studies.
ABSTRACT
After spinal cord injury, the formation of glial scar related to the hypertrophy, proliferation and migration of astrocytes, and the increased expression of glial fibers acidic protein, vimentin and nestin, etc., and it may also inhibit the growth of neuron axon.