ABSTRACT
Primary malignant giant cell tumour of bone is extremely rare. It is distinctly separate from benign metastasising giant cell tumour of bone and secondary malignant giant cell tumour which occurs in response to radiotherapy and repeated curettage of benign giant cell tumor. The tumor has high mortality rate. It usually affects lower end of femur and upper end of tibia. Two usually affects lower end of femur and upper end of tibia. Two cases, on involving upper end of tibia and other in vertebra are discussed. Extreme paucity of literature prompted to publish this article. A short review of radiological appearance, histopathological findings and treatment modalities is highlighted.
Subject(s)
Adult , Bone Neoplasms/pathology , Female , Giant Cell Tumor of Bone/pathology , Humans , Lumbar Vertebrae , TibiaABSTRACT
Acupuncture, though originated in oriental countries in the ancient times but, its philosophical understanding is amazingly wide open to the modern medical science. Historically, records are there regarding its Indian origin. However, acupuncture practised today in Indian sub-continent mainly shows Chinese origin and its introduction to India was pioneered by Dr. B.K. Basu, the first Indian who learned Chinese acupuncture from mainland China during 1959. It is interesting enough to note that though acupuncture is successfully practised in India in a rejuvenated form for the last few decades but due to lack of proper Governmental support this thereby suffers from under utilization and under development. While WHO suggested for its wider application and development through concerted Governmental efforts.
Subject(s)
Acupuncture Therapy/history , History, 20th Century , History, Ancient , History, Medieval , IndiaABSTRACT
Neuronal and glial changes following experimental cerebral ischaemia showed neuronal shrinkage and astrocytic proliferation after temporary bilateral clamping of carotid arteries, and extensive neuronal damage with areas of haemorrhage following bilateral carotid ligations in rats.
Subject(s)
Animals , Brain Ischemia/etiology , Carotid Arteries , Constriction , Hypoxia, Brain/etiology , Male , RatsABSTRACT
The effects of very low-dose X-ray on collagen and Zn and Fe contents of rat skin were studied. CFS male rats were exposed to chronic, intermittent low dose X-radiation at the dose rate of 0.015 cGy/sec/day (7 days irradiation alternating with 7 days rest) for periods of three months and six months. Transmission electron microscopy showed hyalinization collagen on days 180 and 360 in the six months group. Atomic absorption spectrometry revealed significantly decreased zinc levels (P < 0.001) only on day 360 in six months group whereas iron increased significantly (P < 0.001) in all treated groups. This radiation induced redistribution of zinc and iron and subsequent changes in dermal collagen possibly confirm the hazardous effect of long term exposure to X-rays. Our findings also provide some information on the mammalian response threshold at low dose X-irradiation.