Development of Protocol for Production of Primary Antibody against Ovalbumin Protein in Chicken for Detection of the Protein through Western Blotting

Ovalbumin, a major protein of egg white plays many roles including providing nutrition to the developing embryo, acting as coagulating agent, folliculogenesis and angiogenesis in chicken and other animals. This protein is expressed mainly in magnum and then deposited over the yolk of the oocyte/zygote. Hence, it is important in formation of egg and is an essential target to measure. We cloned chicken ovalbumin CDS in pAcGFP-C1 vector and has been initially expressed in chicken primary magnum cell culture. The ovalbumin protein tagged with 6x Histidine was purified from cell culture and used for production of primary antibody in rat. The ovalbumin protein along with freund’s adjuvant was injected to the rat, booster was given, and finally, hyper-immune sera was collected from rat. The antisera was purified for isolation of IgG. The IgG was used as primary antibody for Western blotting. Through Western blotting, ovalbumin protein isolated from chicken magnum was detected and the protocol was established to detect chicken ovalbumin protein.

A study of promotional advertisements of drugs in a medical journal: an ethics perspective.

he study assessed 54 advertisements of 145 different drugs, published over one year (from December 2011 to November 2012) in an Indian medical journal, circulated widely mainly among general practitioners (GPs). The ethical guidelines of the World Health Organization (WHO) and Organisation of Pharmaceutical Producers of India (OPPI) for medicinal drug promotion were applied. The brand name was mentioned in all advertisements (100% compliance both with the WHO and OPPI criteria) and the names of the active ingredients were also mentioned in 128 (90.14%) advertisements. However, major adverse drug reactions were mentioned in only two advertisements (1.37%); precautions, contraindications and warnings in only two (1.37%); and major interactions in only one (0.68%). Only three advertisements (2.06%) were well substantiated with references. To ensure the ethical promotionof drugs among GPs, journals must introduce compulsory review and appraisal of promotional advertisements by a dedicated review board, including at least one member trained in pharmacology and one representative from the medical division of a pharmaceutical company.