Study Of Clinical Profile Of Patients With Hypertensive Crisis

Hypertension is one of the most common chronic medical conditions in the India. The prevalence of hypertension is increased in India; it is approximated that around 1% of patients with hypertension develop a hypertensive crisis during their lifetime. A hypertensive crisis is further classied into hypertensive emergency (HTN-E) and hypertensive urgency (HTN-U). HTN-E is characterized by elevation of blood pressure (BP; ≥180/120 mm Hg) that represents an acute threat to vital organs leading to organ damage or target organ failure. HTN-U is characterized by an uncontrolled blood pressure without failure or damage to the target organ, and it should be controlled with oral drugs. Hence, present study was an attempt to create awareness regarding various clinical risk factors leading to hypertensive crisis along with their timely prevention and subsequently reducing mortality and morbidity associated with it.

Overview of cases and prevalence of jaundice in neonatal intensive care unit.

This study was undertaken to know the pattern of jaundice prevalent among the babies admitted at the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) of the B. P. Koirala Institute of Health Sciences (BPKIHS). A total of 293 neonates including 201 (68.6%) males and 92 (31.4%) females were admitted over a period of one year (15th June 2001 to 14th June 2002). Prematurity (30.0%), birth asphyxia (29.0%), neonatal septicemia (25.9%) and respiratory distress (23.9%) were the most common reasons for admission to the NICU. There were 42 cases of neonatal jaundice, among which babies born to primigravidae (59.5%), exceeded those born to multigravidae (40.5%). Pathological jaundice was found in 64.3% of the admitted cases of neonatal jaundice. Prematurity (33.3%) and neonatal septicemia (25.9%) were the most common causes of pathological jaundice, while prematurity with neonatal septicemia (14.8%), ABO incompatibility (11.1%), Rh incompatibility (7.4%) and prematurity, neonatal septicemia and ABO incompatibility combined (7.4%) accounted for the remaining cases of jaundice. A more detailed study related to the pathogenesis of jaundice among neonates is needed for the prevention of this disease in them.