Impacts of aerobics and cheerleading on high school students / Impactos da ginástica aeróbica e liderança de torcida em estudantes do ensino médio / Impactos de la gimnasia aeróbica y las animadoras en los estudiantes de secundaria

ABSTRACT Introduction: Aerobic gymnastics and cheerleading are two sports most high school students are familiar with. Cheerleading is a relatively new sport. Few academic studies are comparing the effects of aerobic training with cheerleading on changes in the fitness of female students in high school. Objective: This paper explores the impacts on fitness by comparing aerobic training and cheerleading in high school girls. Methods: 90 female high school students were selected by random sampling. The three groups of volunteers had their physical fitness measured before and after the test. The research analyzes the obtained data by employing mathematical statistics. Results: The content of protein, muscle, and inorganic salts in the aerobics group and cheerleading group was significantly higher than in the control group, and the obesity rate was significantly lower than the control group in both intervention groups. The percentage of protein, muscle, and lipid in the cheerleading group was the best among the three groups. Conclusion: Both cheerleading and aerobics can improve the physical quality of high school girls. Cheerleading had a good effect on improving physical fitness due to its wide range of movements. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment outcomes.

RESUMO Introdução: Ginástica aeróbica e liderança de torcida são dois esportes que a maioria dos estudantes do ensino médio conhecem. A liderança de torcida é um esporte relativamente novo. Há poucos estudos acadêmicos comparando os efeitos do treino aeróbico com a liderança de torcida referentes às alterações na condição física das alunas no ensino médio. Objetivo: Este artigo explora os impactos na aptidão física comparando o treino aeróbico e a liderança de torcida em jovens do ensino médio. Métodos: Selecionou-se 90 alunas do ensino médio por amostragem aleatória. Os três grupos de voluntárias tiveram sua aptidão física medida antes e depois do teste. A pesquisa analisa os dados obtidos empregando estatísticas matemáticas. Resultados: O conteúdo de proteínas, músculos e sais inorgânicos no grupo de aeróbica e no grupo líder de torcida foi significativamente maior do que no grupo controle, sendo taxa de obesidade significativamente menor ao grupo controle nos dois grupos de intervenção. O percentual proteico, muscular e lipídico no grupo dos líderes de torcida foi a melhor entre os três grupos. Conclusão: Tanto a liderança de torcida quanto a aeróbica podem melhorar a qualidade física das meninas do ensino médio. As líderes de torcida obtiveram um bom efeito na melhoria da aptidão física devido sua ampla gama de movimentos. Nível de evidência II; Estudos terapêuticos - investigação dos resultados do tratamento.

RESUMEN Introducción: La gimnasia aeróbica y las animadoras son dos deportes con los que la mayoría de los estudiantes de secundaria están familiarizados. Las animadoras representan un deporte relativamente nuevo. Hay pocos estudios académicos que comparen los efectos del entrenamiento aeróbico con el de las animadoras en relación con los cambios en la forma física de las estudiantes de secundaria. Objetivo: Este trabajo explora los impactos en la aptitud física comparando el entrenamiento aeróbico y las animadoras en chicas de secundaria. Métodos: Se seleccionaron 90 alumnas de secundaria por muestreo aleatorio. A los tres grupos de voluntarios se les midió su estado físico antes y después de la prueba. La investigación analiza los datos obtenidos empleando estadísticas matemáticas. Resultados: El contenido de proteínas, músculo y sales inorgánicas en el grupo de aeróbic y en el grupo de animadoras fue significativamente mayor que en el grupo de control, y la tasa de obesidad fue significativamente menor a la del grupo de control en ambos grupos de intervención. El porcentaje de proteínas, músculo y lípidos en el grupo de animadoras fue el mejor entre los tres grupos. Conclusión: Tanto las animadoras como el aeróbic pueden mejorar la calidad física de las chicas de secundaria. Las animadoras obtienen un buen efecto en la mejora de la condición física debido a su amplia gama de movimientos. Nivel de evidencia II; Estudios terapéuticos - investigación de los resultados del tratamiento.

Clinical Characteristics and Adverse Events in Acute Coronary Syndrome Patients with a History of Peripheral Arterial Disease / Características Clínicas e Eventos Adversos em Pacientes com Síndrome Coronariana Aguda e História de Doença Arterial Periférica

Abstract Background: In clinical observation, patients with acute coronary syndrome complicated with peripheral artery disease have poor prognosis, so the relationship between the diseases and clinical characteristics need to be further explored. Objective: This study aims to investigate clinical characteristics and independent risk factors for in-hospital adverse events in acute coronary syndrome patients with a history of peripheral arterial disease (PAD). Methods: A total of 5,682 patients with acute coronary syndrome were included into this study. These patients were divided into two groups according to the presence or absence of a history of PAD: PAD group (n = 188), and non-PAD (control) group (n = 5,494). Then, the clinical characteristics and incidence of in-hospital adverse events were analyzed; p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: The age of PAD patients was higher than that in the control group (65.5 ± 10.3 years vs. 58.6 ± 11 years, p < 0.001), and the proportion of PAD patients with diabetes history and stroke history was higher than that in the control group (73 [39%] vs. 1472 [26.8%], p = 0.018; 36 [19.3%] vs. 396 [7.2%], p < 0.001). The multivariate logistic regression analysis between groups based on in-hospital adverse events revealed that a history of PAD (OR = 1.791, p = 0.01), a history of diabetes (OR = 1.223, p = 0.001), and age of > 65 years old (OR = 4.670, p < 0.001) were independent risk factors for in-hospital adverse events. Conclusion: A history of PAD, advanced age, and a history of diabetes are independent risk factors for in-hospital adverse events in patients with acute coronary syndrome.

Resumo Fundamento: Na observação clínica, os pacientes com síndrome coronariana aguda com doença arterial periférica têm prognóstico ruim, portanto, a relação entre as doenças e as características clínicas precisa ser mais explorada. Objetivos: Este estudo tem o objetivo de investigar características clínicas e fatores de risco independentes para eventos adversos hospitalares em pacientes com síndrome coronariana aguda e história de doença arterial periférica (DAP). Métodos: Foram incluídos no estudo 5682 pacientes com síndrome coronariana aguda. Os pacientes foram divididos em dois grupos de acordo com a presença ou ausência de DAP prévia: grupo DAP (n = 188) e grupo sem DAP (n = 5494, grupo controle). Em seguida, foram analisadas características clínicas e a incidência de eventos adversos hospitalares nesses grupos; um p < 0,05 foi considerado estatisticamente significativo. Resultados: A idade dos pacientes com DAP foi maior que a idade do grupo controle (65,5 ± 10,3 anos vs. 58,6 ± 11 anos, p < 0,001), e a proporção de pacientes com história de diabetes ou acidente vascular cerebral foi maior no grupo DAP que no grupo controle [73 (39%) vs. 1472 (26,8%), p = 0,018; 36 (19,3%) vs. 396 (7,2%), p < 0,001). A análise de regressão logística multivariada para eventos adversos hospitalares mostrou que história de DAP (OR = 1,791, p = 0,01), história de diabetes (OR = 1,223, p = 0,001), e idade >65 anos de idade (OR = 4,670, p < 0,001) foram fatores de risco independentes para eventos adversos hospitalares. Conclusão: DAP prévia, idade avançada, e história de diabetes são fatores de risco independentes para eventos adversos hospitalares em pacientes com síndrome coronariana aguda.

Self-injurious behavior among college students and its association with parental rearing styles / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#To examine epidemiology of self-injurious behavior and explore the association between self-injurious behavior and parental rearing styles, to provide the theoretical basis for the identification, prevention and occurrence of the self-injurious behaviors among adolescents.@*Methods@#Stratified cluster sampling was used to survey 3 683 students from three colleges in Wuhu and Huainan by using questionnaire response. Egna Minnen avBarn-dosnauppforstran(EMBU) and demographic characteristics were used by college students to assess their selfinjurious behavior and parental rearing styles.@*Results@#For college students, the detection rate of reporting of 1-2 self-injurious behavior was 30.4%, and the rate of reporting of 3 or more self-injurious behavior was 11.8%. In terms of the occurrences of self-injurious behavior, gender(χ2=76.98), classification of colleges and universities(χ2=153.71) and the relationship with father (χ2=47.48) and with mother (χ2=40.01) were markedly different(P<0.05). Correlation and regression analysis indicated that the risks leading to self-injurious behavior were involved in medical students, overprotection from father and preference from mother(OR=2.05, 95%CI=1.64-2.55; OR=1.13, 95%CI=1.06-1.20; OR=1.05, 95%CI=1.01-1.09).@*Conclusion@#Female students and medical students can be inclined to self-injurious behavior. Parental rearing styles were related to the self-injurious behaviors of college students. Strengthening interaction between students and parents, providing appropriate emotional warmth as well as encouraging the establishment of a good family atmosphere may reduce the occurrence of self-injurious behavior in current college students.

Dos mutaciones novedosas en el gen de glicina descarboxilasa en un niño con hiperglicinemia no cetósica clásica: a propósito de un caso / Two novel mutations in the glycine decarboxylase gene in a boy with classic nonketotic hyperglycinemia: case report

La hiperglicinemia no cetósica es una encefalopatía por glicina autosómica recesiva y hereditaria sumamente rara, causada por una deficiencia en el sistema enzimatico de división de la glicina mitocondrial, que provoca síntomas clínicos graves. La hiperglicinemia no cetósica se caracteriza por fenotipos diversos y complejos, por ejemplo, hipotonía, convulsiones, deterioro cognitivo, retrasos del desarrollo y espasmos mioclónicos que podrían causar apnea e incluso la muerte. En este artículo, presentamos el caso de un niño de 1 año con convulsiones mioclónicas, hipotonía y coma, con aumento de la concentración de glicina en el plasma y el líquido cefalorraquídeo y con un índice de glicina en líquido cefalorraquídeo/plasma de 0,24. Existen dos mutaciones heterocigotas novedosas que confirman el diagnóstico de hiperglicinemia no cetósica. Una es una mutación de aminoácido, c.2516A>G (p.Y839C), y la otra es una mutación en los sitios de corte y empalme, c.2457+2T>A, en el gen GLDC.

Nonketotic hyperglycinemia is an extremely rare autosomal recessively inherited glycine encephalopathy caused by a deficiency in the mitochondrial glycine cleavage system, which leads to severe clinical symptoms. Nonketotic hyperglycinemia is characterized by complex and diverse phenotypes, such as hypotonia, seizures, cognitive impairment, developmental delays and myoclonic jerks that may lead to apnea and even death. Here we report a 1-year-old boy with myoclonic seizures, hypotonia and coma; he had elevated plasma and cerebrospinal fluid glycine levels, and cerebrospinal fluid/plasma glycine ratio was 0.24. Two novel heterozygous mutations confirm the diagnosis of nonketotic hyperglycinemia. One is a missense mutation c.2516A>G (p.Y839C) and the other one is a splicing mutation c.2457+2T>A in the GLDC gene.