Research progress on natural guaiane-type sesquiterpenoids and their biological activities / 中国中药杂志

Guaiane-type sesquiterpenoids are a class of terpenoids with [5,7] ring-fused system as the basic skeletal structure composed of three isoprene units, which are substituted by 4,10-dimethyl-7-isopropyl. According to the difference in functional groups and degree of polymerization, they can be divided into simple guaiane-type sesquiterpenoids, sesquiterpene lactones, sesquiterpene dimers, and sesquiterpene trimers. Natural guaiane-type sesquiterpenoids are widely distributed in plants, fungi, and marine organisms, especially in families such as Compositae, Zingiberaceae, Thymelaeaceae, Lamiaceae, and Alismataceae. Guaiane-type sesquiterpenoids have good antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, and neuroprotective effects. In this paper, the novel guaiane-type sesquiterpenoids isolated and identified in recent 10 years(2013-2022) and their biological activities were reviewed in order to provide refe-rences for the research and development of guaiane-type sesquiterpenoids.

Immune imbalance mechanism and intervention strategy in patients with Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) / 中国药理学通报

Coronaviruses, a large family of single-stranded RNA viruses, are responsible for three large-scale worldwide epidem¬ics in the first two decades of the 21st century. Thus, it is im¬perative to strengthen the research on coronaviruses. This review summarizes the similarities and differences of three coronaviruses (including SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV, SARS-CoV-2) in struc¬ture, gene, origin, infectiousness and pathogenicity. Then, the review illuminates immune response mechanism and intervention strategies in terms of cytokine storm, neutrophil extracellular traps, imbalance of lymphocyte subsets in patients infected with coronaviruses based on experimental studies and clinical cases reports. Finally, new therapeutic strategies and ideas are put forward for the prevention and treatment of Coronavirus disease 2019( COVID-19).