ABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To apply the off-pump epicardial microwave ablation (MW) to treat the permanent atrial fibrillation (PAF) and evaluate the clinical effect.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>From April 2003 to April 2005, a total of 46 patients with PAF underwent off-pump epicardial MW, including the patients with mitral valve disease (28 cases), mitral and aortic valve disease (5 cases), coronary artery disease (8 cases) and lone PAF (5 cases). FLEX 10 probe was placed around four pulmonary orifices and the access orifice of the inferior vena cava to tricuspid annulus. The microwave application was set 65 W, 90 s and a continuous ablation line was finished encircling the pulmonary veins. Subsequently, patients underwent either off-pump coronary artery bypass graft or valve surgery on-pump. Mean left atrial diameter was (52.5 +/- 15.3) mm, LVEF 42% - 70% before operation. All patients were followed up in the discharge, 3, 6, 12 months after surgery by standard 12-lead ECG, 24 h Holter, UCG and clinical examination.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>All procedures were completed successful on the off-pump cardiac surgery and 46 patients were converted sinus rhythm when the operations were performed. Mean ablation time was (37.7 +/- 7.8) min, without any related complications. At discharge, 3, 6 and 12 months follow-up, 63.0%, 66.7%, 72.7% and 80.6% of the patients kept sinus rhythm and left atrial diameter of < 50 mm.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Using MW, electrical isolation of the pulmonary veins can be achieved epicardially without cardiopulmonary bypass support. Off-pump epicardial microwave ablation is an efficient option with an excellent benefit/risk ratio for the treatment of PAF with or without other cardio-surgical disease.</p>
Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Atrial Fibrillation , General Surgery , Catheter Ablation , Methods , Coronary Artery Bypass, Off-Pump , Follow-Up Studies , Microwaves , Therapeutic Uses , Pulmonary Veins , General Surgery , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To assess the efficacy of endoscopic epicardial microwave ablation, a new completely endoscopic technique, for isolated atrial fibrillation (AF).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>From July to October of 2004, 5 patients with isolated permanent AF underwent this procedure. We performed epicardial microwave ablation using FLEX10 probe under the guide of VasoView 5 endoscope. The probe was placed around left and right pulmonary vein orifices, the microwave application was set 65 W/90 s, and a continuous ablation line was obtained encircling the pulmonary veins. Echocardiography and electrocardiography were carried out in all patients before and after operation.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Five patients received electrical conversion after ablation. Average ablation time was 35.0 min and average procedure time was 2.5 h without any procedure-related complications. At the 3-month, 6-month and 12-month follow-up, 4 patients (80%) were in sinus rhythm, associated with a reduced left atrial diameter and an improved cardiac function.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Endoscopic epicardial microwave ablation for isolated atrial fibrillation appears to be safe and effective.</p>