CT radiomics model for predicting progression-free survival of locally advanced cervical cancer after concurrent chemoradiotherapy / 中华放射肿瘤学杂志

Objective:To construct machine learning models based on CT imaging and clinical parameters for predicting progression-free survival (PFS) of locally advanced cervical cancer (LACC) patients after concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT).Methods:Clinical data of 167 LACC patients treated with CCRT at Shandong Cancer Hospital from September 2015 to October 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. All patients were randomly divided into the training and validation cohorts according to the ratio of 7 vs. 3. Clinical features were selected by univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazards model ( P<0.1). Radiomics models and nomograms were constructed by radiomics features which were selected by least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) Cox regression model to predict the 1-, 3- and 5-year PFS. Combined models and nomogram models were developed by selected clinical and radiomics features. The Kaplan Meier-curve, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, C-index and calibration curve were used to evaluate the model performance. Results:A total of 1 409 radiomics features were extracted based on the region of interest (ROI) in CT images. CT radiomics models showed better performance for predicting 1-, 3-and 5-year PFS than the clinical model in the training and validation cohorts. The combined model displayed the optimal performance in predicting 1-, 3-and 5-year PFS in the training cohort [area under the curve (AUC): 0.760, 0.648, 0.661, C-index: 0.740, 0.667, 0.709] and verification cohort (AUC: 0.763, 0.677, 0.648, C-index: 0.748, 0.668, 0.678).Conclusions:Combined model constructed based on CT radiomics and clinical features yield better prediction performance than that based on radiomics or clinical features alone. As an objective image analysis approach, it possesses high prediction efficiency for PFS of LACC patients after CCRT, which can provide reference for clinical decision-making.

Advances of peptide-centric data-independent acquisition analysis algorithms and software tools / 生物工程学报

Data-independent acquisition (DIA) is a high-throughput, unbiased mass spectrometry data acquisition method which has good quantitative reproducibility and is friendly to low-abundance proteins. It becomes the preferred choice for clinical proteomic studies especially for large cohort studies in recent years. The mass-spectrometry (MS)/MS spectra generated by DIA is usually heavily mixed with fragment ion information of multiple peptides, which makes the protein identification and quantification more difficult. Currently, DIA data analysis methods fall into two main categories, namely peptide-centric and spectrum-centric. The peptide-centric strategy is more sensitive for identification and more accurate for quantification. Thus, it has become the mainstream strategy for DIA data analysis, which includes four key steps: building a spectral library, extracting ion chromatogram, feature scoring and statistical quality control. This work reviews the peptide-centric DIA data analysis procedure, introduces the corresponding algorithms and software tools, and summarizes the improvements for the existing algorithms. Finally, the future development directions are discussed.

Application of PET/CT radiomics in the treatment of non-small-cell lung cancer / 中华放射医学与防护杂志

Primary lung cancer is the first malignant tumor in our country and in the world with an increasing mortality trend, which seriously endangers the human health. By digging the deep relationship between high-dimensional imaging features and pathophysiological features, radiomics can establish a predictive model to distinguish pathological types, tumor stages, distant metastases and survival, guide individualized diagnosis and treatment strategies, and improve prognosis. PET/CT has higher diagnostic accuracy and specificity by reflecting tumor tissue metabolism. This article reviews the application of PET/CT radiomics in the treatment of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

Association rules between personality traits and health-promoting lifestyle in patients with glaucoma / 中华行为医学与脑科学杂志

Objective:To explore the association rules of personality traits and health-promoting lifestyle in patients with primary angle closure glaucoma, so as to provide advice for the synthetical treatment.Methods:From July to November 2021, a total of 117 primary angle closure glaucoma patients(acute patients n=89, chronic patients n=28) in ophthalmology department of five hospitals in Nanjing were investigated with type A behavior pattern scale, health-promoting lifestyle scale Ⅱ and general information questionnaire.Based on Weka 3.8.5, algorithm of Apriori was used to mine its association relationship. Results:(1) The total scores of type A behavior pattern scale for patients with acute and chronic types of primary angle closure glaucoma were (32.48±6.43) and (27.54±6.49) respectively.The total scores of health-promoting lifestyle scale Ⅱ were (101.69±11.83) and (97.79±7.78) respectively.(2) There were positive associations among patients with acute primary angle closure glaucoma, type A/A-personality (including impatience and hostility) and health-promoting lifestyle (including stress management disorder, interpersonal relationship management disorder, well sense of health responsibility and adequate dietary nutrition intake)(all support>0.1, confidence >0.6, lift >1.0). And patients with chronic primary angle closure glaucoma were associated with B/B-personality (including patience and mild), health-promoting lifestyle (including stress management disorder, interpersonal relationship management disorder, well sense of health responsibility and adequate dietary nutrition intake)(all support>0.1, confidence >0.6, lift >1.0).Conclusion:Primary angle closure glaucoma is strongly related with personality traits and health-promoting lifestyle.Its synthetical treatment plan should take both physical and mental measures, and classified health management for patients with different disease types.

The effect of long-chain noncoding RNA SCAMP1-AS1 on the proliferation and migration of esophageal cancer cells by targeting and regulating miR-483-5p / 中国医师进修杂志

Objective:To observe the expression of long-chain noncoding RNA (lncRNA) SCAMP1-AS1 in esophageal cancer tissues, and explore the effect of SCAMP1-AS1 on the proliferation and migration of esophageal cancer cells and the possible molecular mechanism.Methods:Real-time fluorescent quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) was used to detect the expression level of SCAMP1-AS1 in 37 cases of esophageal cancer tissues and adjacent tissues surgically resected in Huangshi Central Hospital of Edong Medical Group from March 2017 to August 2020. RT-qPCR was also used to detect the expression level of SCAMP1-AS1 in 4 types of esophageal cancer cells (EC9706, TE-13, KYSE30, Eca109) and normal esophageal epithelial cells HET-1A. The cells with the lowest expression were selected, the negative control lentivirus (LV-NC) infection was used as the control group, and the recombinant lentivirus carrying SCAMP1-AS1 sequence (LV-SCAMP1-AS1) infection was used as the experimental group. RT-qPCR was used to detect the expression of SCAMP1-AS1 in esophageal cancer cells after infection. Cell counting kit 8 (CCK-8) and Transwell chamber method were used to detect the proliferation and migration ability of esophageal cancer cells. Bioinformatics methods predicted the target genes of SCAMP1-AS1, and dual luciferase reporter experiments verified the interaction of SCAMP1-AS1 with target gene. RT-qPCR detected the expression of target genes. Western blotting detected the expression of cell proliferation and migration phenotype proteins.Results:The relative expression level of SCAMP1-AS1 in esophageal cancer tissue was significantly lower than that in adjacent tissues (1.26 ± 0.48 vs. 8.03 ± 1.17, P<0.01). The relative expression levels of SCAMP1-AS1 in esophageal cancer cells EC9706, TE-13, KYSE30, Eca109 were all lower than that in normal esophageal epithelial cells (0.54 ± 0.05, 0.14 ± 0.02, 0.46 ± 0.07, 0.77 ± 0.05 vs.1.00 ± 0.06, P<0.05), and the expression of SCAMP1-AS1 in TE-13 cells was the lowest ( P<0.01). Compared with the control group, the expression of SCAMP1-AS1 in TE-13 cells in the experimental group was up-regulated ( P<0.01), the proliferation ability of the cells was reduced ( P<0.01), and the migration ability of the cells was reduced ( P<0.01). miR-483-5p was the direct target of SCAMP1-AS1. Compared with the control group, the expression of miR-483-5p was down-regulated in TE-13 cells in the experimental group ( P<0.01), and the expression of cell proliferation and migration phenotype proteins was down-regulated. Conclusions:The expression of lncRNA SCAMP1-AS1 is down-regulated in esophageal cancer. SCAMP1-AS1 can inhibit the proliferation and migration of esophageal cancer TE-13 cells by targeting the expression of miR-483-5p. SCAMP1-AS1 is expected to become a potential molecular therapeutic target for esophageal cancer.

Advances of chromatogram retention time alignment algorithms in proteomics / 生物工程学报

Chromatography is a basic process in the current proteomics workflow, and the retention time alignment of the chromatogram is one of the important steps to effectively improve the identification and quantification accuracy. After years of development, a series of algorithms for retention time alignment have been developed. This review summarizes the advances of chromatographic retention time alignment algorithms and tools for proteomics analysis from the perspective of proteomics users, and discusses the development and future application directions.

Study on the mechanism of miR-6751-3p affecting the proliferation and migration of gastric cancer cells / 国际外科学杂志

Objective:To explore the influence of microRNA (miRNA)-6751-3p expression on the proliferation and migration of gastric cancer cells and its molecular mechanism.Methods:Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was used to detect the expression level of miR-6751-3p in gastric cancer cell lines (MGC803, BGC823, SGC7901, HS-746T) and normal gastric mucosal epithelial cells (GES-1). The gastric cancer cell lines with the lowest expression level of miR-6751-3p were divided into control group and experimental group, and were transfected with miR-NC and miR-6751-3p mimics respectively. qRT-PCR detected the expression level of miR-6751-3p in the two groups of cells. CCK-8 method and scratch healing test were used to detect the proliferation and migration of miR-6751-3p overexpressing cells. The potential target genes of miR-6751-3p were predicted through Deepbase v2.0 and microRNA.org online websites, and the dual luciferase reporter gene experiment was used to verify. qRT-PCR and Western blot were used to detect the expression of target genes in miR-6751-3p overexpression cells.Results:Compared with normal gastric mucosal epithelial cells, the expression of miR-6751-3p was significantly down-regulated in gastric cancer cell lines ( P<0.05), and the cell line with the lowest expression level was MGC803 cells ( P<0.01). Compared with the control group, overexpression of miR-6751-3p can inhibit the proliferation ability ( P<0.05). The scratch healing rate of MGC803 cells in the control group and the experimental group were (65.14±5.65)% and (23.40±6.78)%, respectively. Compared with the control group, the scratch healing rate of MGC803 cells in the experimental group was significantly lower ( t=4.73, P<0.01). The online website predicts that the target gene of miR-6751-3p may be fatty acid binding protein 5 ( FABP5), and miR-6751-3p can complementally bind FABP5 messenger RNA (mRNA) ( t=4.01, P<0.01). Compared with the control group, overexpression of miR-6751-3p can inhibit the expression of FABP5 gene in MGC803 cells ( P<0.01). Conclusion:The expression of miR-6751-3p in gastric cancer cell lines is low, and the overexpression of miR-6751-3p can inhibit the proliferation and migration of gastric cancer MGC803 cells by down-regulating the FABP5 gene.

miRNA-5089-5p inhibits proliferation and migration of esophageal cancer cells by regulating the expression of cathepsin B in vitro / 肿瘤研究与临床

Objective:To investigate the effect of miRNA-5089-5p (miR-5089-5p) on proliferation and migration ability of esophageal cancer in vitro and its relationship with the expression of cathepsin B (CTSB) gene.Methods:Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was used to detect the expression levels of miR-5089-5p in 31 tissue samples from patients who underwent esophageal cancer resection and the corresponding pericarcinomatous tissues between in March 2017 and in December 2019 at Huangshi Central Hospital of Edong Healthcare Group, and TE-13, EC9706, Eca109, KYSE30 cell lines and normal esophageal mucosal epithelial HET-1A cells. The esophageal cancer cells with the lowest expression level of miR-5089-5p were divided into 2 groups: miR-5089-5p group transfected with miR-5089-5p mimics and the negative control group with negative control sequence. qRT-PCR was used to detect the expression level of miR-5089-5p after transfection for 48 h. CCK-8 method and scratch healing test were used to detect the proliferation and migration ability of cells in the two groups. The online tools microRNA.org and Deepbase v2.0 were used to predict the target genes of miR-5089-5p. The dual luciferase reporter gene assay was used to verify the target gene of miR-5089-5p. qRT-PCR and Western blot were used to detect the expression level of target genes in the two groups. The expressions of cell proliferation-related protein (PCNA and Ki-67) and migration-related protein (N-Cadherin and Twist) were detected by using Western blot.Results:The relative expression level of miR-5089-5p in esophageal cancer and pericarcinomatous tissues was 1.54±0.53 and 7.07±1.25, respectively ( t = 24.06, P < 0.01). The relative expression level of miR-5089-5p in the esophageal cancer cell lines was lower than that of normal esophageal mucosal epithelial HET-1A cells (all P < 0.05), and the cell line with the lowest relative expression was Eca109 cells (0.12±0.03). Compared with the negative control group, the proliferation ability of Eca109 cells in miR-5089-5p group was gradually reduced with the transfection time extension, and the difference was statistically significant between the two groups since 48 h (all P < 0.05), and the migration ability was also reduced [scratch healing rate: (29±5)% vs.(64±8)%, t=3.91, P < 0.01]. The online tool predicted that the target gene of miR-5089-5p might be CTSB, and the dual luciferase reporter gene assay confirmed that miR-5089-5p complemented CTSB 3'UTR. qRT-PCR results showed that compared with the negative control group, the relative expression level of CTSB mRNA in Eca109 cells of miR-5089-5p group was reduced (0.23±0.04 vs.1.01±0.09, t = 8.27, P < 0.01). Western blot results showed that the expression level of CTSB protein was reduced, and the expression levels of cell proliferation-related protein PCNA, Ki-67 and cell migration-related protein N-Cadherin, Twist were also reduced. Conclusions:The expression level of miR-5089-5p in esophageal cancer tissues and cell lines is low. miR-5089-5p can inhibit proliferation and migration of esophageal cancer Eca109 cells. The mechanism may be achieved by down-regulating CTSB gene expression.

BRCA1/2 mutation status in patients with metachronous breast and ovarian malignancies: clues towards the implementation of genetic counseling / 부인종양

Objective@#The characteristics of patients with metachronous breast and ovarian malignancies and the pathogenic role of BRCA1/2 mutations remain poorly understood. We investigated these issues through a review of hospital records and nationwide Taiwanese registry data, followed by BRCA1/2 mutation analysis in hospital-based cases. @*Methods@#We retrospectively retrieved consecutive clinical records of Taiwanese patients who presented with these malignancies to our hospital between 2001 and 2017. We also collected information from the Data Science Center of the Taiwan Cancer Registry (TCR) between 2007 and 2015. Next-generation sequencing and multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification were used to identify BRCA1/2 mutations and large genomic rearrangements, respectively. When BRCA1/2 mutations were identified in index cases, pedigrees were reconstructed and genetic testing was offered to family members. @*Results@#A total of 12,769 patients with breast cancer and 1,537 with ovarian cancer were retrieved from our hospital records. Of them, 28 had metachronous breast and ovarian malignancies. We also identified 113 cases from the TCR dataset. Eighteen hospital-based cases underwent BRCA1/2 sequencing and germline pathogenic mutations were detected in 7 patients (38.9%, 5 in BRCA1 and 2 in BRCA2). All BRCA1/2 mutation carriers had ovarian high-grade serous carcinomas. Of the 12 patients who were alive at the time of analysis, 5 were BRCA1/2 mutation carriers. All of them had family members with BRCA1/2-associated malignancies. @*Conclusions@#Our results provide pilot evidence that BRCA1/2 mutations are common in Taiwanese patients with metachronous breast and ovarian malignancies, supporting the clinical utility of genetic counseling.

Effect of propofol anesthesia on autophagy in hippocampal neurons of newborn rats / 中华麻醉学杂志

Objective:To evaluate the effect of propofol anesthesia on autophagy in hippocampal neurons of newborn rats.Methods:Thirty-nine healthy Sprague-Dawley rats, aged 7 days, weighing 10-12 g, were divided into 3 groups ( n=13 each) using a random number table method: control group (group C), fat emulsion group (group F) and propofol group (group P). Normal saline 8 ml/kg was intraperitoneally injected for 5 consecutive days in group C. Medium-/long-chain fatty emulsion injection 8 ml/kg was intraperitoneally injected for 5 consecutive days in group F. Medium-/long-chain propofol injection 80 mg/kg was intraperitoneally injected for 5 consecutive days in group P. Five rats were sacrificed on 1st day after the end of propofol anesthesia, and hippocampal tissues were taken for determination of the expression of microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3B (LC3B) and Beclin-1 (by Western blot). The remaining rats in each group underwent the Morris water maze test on 19th day after the end of propofol anesthesia (30 days after birth), and the escape latency, percentage of time of staying at the target quadrant and the number of crossing the original platform were recorded. Results:Compared with group C, no significant change was found in the expression of hippocampal LC3B and Beclin-1, escape latency, percentage of time of staying at the target quadrant, and the number of crossing the original platform in group F ( P>0.05), and the expression of hippocampal LC3B and Beclin-1 was significantly up-regulated, the escape latency was prolonged, percentage of time of staying at the target quadrant was decreased, and the number of crossing the original platform was decreased in group P ( P<0.05 or 0.01). Conclusion:The mechanism by which propofol anesthesia causes long-term cognitive dysfunction may be related to promoting autophagy in hippocampal neurons of newborn rats.

A Summary of Health Preserving Thoughts of Confucianism, Buddhism, Taoism and Medicine (Ⅰ) / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Traditional health preservation thoughts of four major schools (Confucianism, Buddhism, Taoism and medicine) were systematically summarized. The proposed health-preserving ideas of physical health maintenance by Confucianism (self-cultivation, moderation and harmony), mental health maintenance by Buddhism (keeping still and in deep meditation, insight, kindness and help), health preservation by Taoism (following the nature, enhancing spirit and energy) and life protecting by medicine (dredging collaterals, Qi and blood, possessing both the form and the spirit), and the health-preserving methods under the guidance of such ideas have important guiding value for current industry of traditional health care.

Distribution of Cadherin in the Parahippocampal Area of Developing Domestic Chicken Embryos

Hippocampal formation is important in spatial learning and memory. Members of the cadherin superfamily are observed in the neural system with diverse spatial and temporal expression patterns and are involved in many biological processes. To date, the avian hippocampal formation is not well understood. In this study, we examined the expression of cadherin mRNA in chicken and mouse brains to investigate the morphological and cytoarchitectural bases of hippocampal formation. Profiles of the spatiotemporal expression of cadherin mRNAs in the developing chicken embryonic parahippocampal area (APH) are provided, and layer-specific expression and spatiotemporal expression were observed in different subdivisions of the APH. That fact that some cadherins (Cdh2, Cdh8, Pcdh8 and Pcdh10) showed conserved regional expression both in the hippocampus and entorhinal cortex of mice and the hippocampal formation of chickens partially confirmed the structural homology proposed by previous scientists. This study indicates that some cadherins can be used as special markers of the avian hippocampal formation.

Treatment Based on Syndrome Differentiation of Arrhythmia Guided by Yingwei Theory of Vessel-collateral Theory / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Meridians include (Qi) channels and blood (vessels). In Duyi Suibi, ZHOU Xue-hai of qing Dynasty named the terminal of Qi channel as"fine collateral of Qi" and the terminal of blood vessel as"fine collateral of blood". Qi channels of the heart cover extensive regulating mechanisms including cardiac pacing and conducting system. Blood vessels of the heart cover circulation system of coronary artery. Cardiac Qi channels and blood vessels are coordinated mutually, and Ying and Wei run together, to jointly maintain normal functions of the heart. Abnormal Yingwei caused by various pathogenic factors leads to occurrence of arrhythmia. Based on the Yingwei theory of vessel-collateral theory, this paper puts forward treatment based on syndrome differentiation of arrhythmia guided by therapeutic principle of"regulating Yingwei in case of heart damage" (Nanjing·14thNan) as well as addresses both symptoms and root causes by prescriptions for regulating Wei, Qi, Ying and blood through sufficiently considering modern pathogenic factors and pathogenic characteristics, in order to provide beneficial reference for clinical diagnosis and treatment.

Research progress of feature selection and machine learning methods for mass spectrometry-based protein biomarker discovery / 生物工程学报

With the development of mass spectrometry technologies and bioinformatics analysis algorithms, disease research-driven human proteome project (HPP) is advancing rapidly. Protein biomarkers play critical roles in clinical applications and the biomarker discovery strategies and methods have become one of research hotspots. Feature selection and machine learning methods have good effects on solving the "dimensionality" and "sparsity" problems of proteomics data, which have been widely used in the discovery of protein biomarkers. Here, we systematically review the strategy of protein biomarker discovery and the frequently-used machine learning methods. Also, the review illustrates the prospects and limitations of deep learning in this field. It is aimed at providing a valuable reference for corresponding researchers.

Efficacy of botulinum toxin type A injection on axillary hyperhidrosis / 中华医学美学美容杂志

Objective To evaluate clinical efficacy on treatment of axillary hyperhidrosis by botulinum toxin type A injection and to introduce a corresponding method evolved from Minor's starch iodine test with MATLAB analysis.Methods Ten patients were involved in the study and evaluated preoperatively by both Hyperhidrosis Disease Severity Scale (HDSS) and Minor's starch iodine test with MATLAB analysis.All cases were treated with botulinum toxin type A injection dosed by 50 U on one side focally and evaluated postoperatively by both above mentioned methods with interval of 1 month and by HDSS only of 6 months.Results The clinical efficiency by the therapy evaluated by HDSS accounted for 100％ and 60％ postoperatively with intervals of 1 month and 6 months respectively.By the Minor's starch iodine test with MATLAB analysis,all patients showed no statistical difference between two matched sides preoperatively (P ＞ 0.05),while postoperatively statistical difference was observed between the treated side and the control (P＜0.05) and also between the treated group and zero control (P＜0.05).Conclusions The clinical efficacy of botulinum toxin type A injection in treatment of axillary hyperhidrosis is highlighted in short term.The evolved Minor's starch iodine test combined with MATLAB analysis serves as an alternative which facilitates operability and objectivity evaluating the therapy outcomes on hyperhidrosis.

Effects of Different Rehabilitation Training Methods on the First Ray of Postoperative Hallux Valgus / 医用生物力学

Objective To investigate the effect of the different rehabilitation training method on the first ray of postoperative hallux valgus (HV). Methods Based on medical images of HV patient, a comprehensive three-dimensional finite element model of HV foot was established, including bones, sesamoid, cartilage, ligaments, soft tissues, Achilles tendon. The passive/active plantar flexion and dorsal flexion as well as standing were simulated to investigate the biomechanical behavior of distal osteotomy fragment of the postoperative HV. Results The stress distribution on distal osteotomy fragment during passive training was more uniform, and the peak stress (7.78 MPa) was greater than that during stance phase and active training. The distal osteotomy fragment displacement during passive training (0.98 mm) in anterior-posterior direction was greater than that during stance phase (0.69 mm) and active training (0.38 mm). Conclusions The passive training could promote the contact of osteotomy surface and reduce the healing time of osteotomy, which would be beneficial for rehabilitation of postoperative HV.

Value of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase in diagnosis of systemic inflammatory response syndrome after cardiopulmonary bypass in children with congenital heart disease / 中国当代儿科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the value of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) in the early diagnosis of systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) after cardiopulmonary bypass in children with congenital heart disease.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A total of 90 children with congenital heart disease who underwent cardiopumonary bypass surgery between May 2012 and January 2016 were enrolled. According to the prsence or absence of SIRS after surgery, they were divided into SIRS group (n=43) and control group (n=47). Peripheral blood samples were collected before surgery, during surgery, and after surgery. Serum levels of IDO, C-reactive protein (CRP), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) were measured and compared between the two groups. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to evaluate their diagnostic efficiency.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Compared with the control group, the SIRS group had higher serum CRP levels at 72 hours after surgery, higher IL-6 levels during surgery and at 72 hours after surgery, and higher IDO levels at 24 and 72 hours after surgery. IDO had a certain value in the diagnosis of SIRS at 24 hours after surgery with an area under the ROC curve (AUC) of 0.793, a specificity of 100%, and a sensitivity of 58.14%. CRP, IL-6, and IDO had a certain value in the diagnosis of SIRS at 72 hours after surgery. IDO had the highest diagnostic efficiency with an AUC of 0.927, a specificity of 95.74%, and a sensitivity of 76.74% at 72 hours after surgery.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>IL-6, CRP, and IDO have a certain value in the diagnosis of SIRS after surgery for congenital heart disease, and IDO has a higher diagnostic efficiency. IDO can predict the development of SIRS in children after surgery for congenital heart disease earlier.</p>

Progress of multi-cellular tumor spheroids culture technique for treatment of bladder cancer / 肿瘤研究与临床

Cell culture is an important tool for biological research.To better understand the pathogenesis and therapeutic methods of the tumors,the three-dimensional cell culture is applied by more and more researchers to create a culture environment that closes to the tumor microoenvironment.Thanks to the advances in the tissue engineering technology,many kinds of models of the three-dimensional cell culture achieve wide accessibility.Compared with the traditional two-dimensional cell culture,the three-dimensional cell culture is better in simulating physiological features of the human histology and cells,including cell proliferation and differentiation,the interaction of cell to cell and cell to matrix.This paper reviews the progress of multi-cellular tumor spheroids (MCTS) culture technique of the three-dimensional cell culture for treatment of bladder cancer.

Clinical experiences of the surgical treatment of severe ventricular septal defect and pulmonary hypertension in little infants / 中国中西医结合急救杂志

Objective To summarize the experience of surgical treatment of severe ventricular septal defect (VSD) accompanied by pulmonary hypertension (PH) in little infants. Methods The clinical data of 11 patients with VSD accompanied by PH admitted to the Department of Cardiac Surgery of Tianjin Children's Hospital of the Pediatric Clinical College in Tianjin Medical University from January 2016 to January 2017 were retrospectively analyzed. There were 6 males and 5 females, with the ages of 3 - 6 months, mean (5.36±1.03) months and body weights 4.2 - 7.5 kg, mean (5.9±1.0) kg. Preoperatively, all patients had recurrent pneumonia and heart failure history. After 2 - 3 times of medical treatment in hospitals, the patients underwent sub-acute radical operation under cardiopulmonary bypass. All patients were followed-up with echocardiography, chest X-ray and electrocardiogram examinations at 3, 6 and 12 months after heart surgery. Results After operation, all the children spontaneously recovered the heart beats, the stay times in surgical intensive care unit (SICU) were 2 - 7 days, and total hospitalization times were 12 - 17 days. All patients were followed up for 12 months, no death occurred in the whole group, and the heart and lung functions recovered satisfactorily. Conclusions Little infants with large VSD and PH should undertake operation as early as possible. The patients with recurrent pneumonia, heart failure in a short term should receive medical and surgical doctors' cooperative treatment, and the disease situation ought to be adjusted with one's best ability to a stable status when the sub-acute surgery can be carried out safely.

GSK-3β inhibition induces cardioprotection via attenuating activation of NLRP3 inflammasome after acute myocardial infarction in rats / 中国药理学与毒理学杂志

OBJECTIVE To observe the effects of glycogen synthase 3β (GSK-3β) in the regula-tion of NLRP3 inflammasome activation after acute myocardial infarction (MI) in Sprague Dawley(SD) rats. METHODS Ligation of the left anterior descending (LAD) in SD rats was used to establish an acute myocardial infarction model. SD rats were randomly divided into 3 groups (n=10, each group):sham group,MI group,and MI+SB group:the GSK-3β inhibitor(SB216763)was given 1 h by intrave-nous injection(0.6 mg·kg-1·d-1)before surgery.The serum and heart tissue were collected to measure lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and IL-1β content and mRNA and protein levels of NLRP3, ASC, Cas-pase-1,IL-1β and GSK-3β after 2 days and 7 days operation,respectively.RESULTS The serum levels of LDH and IL-1β in the MI group were significantly higher than those in the sham group(P<0.01),and the MI+SB group was obviously lower than the MI group(P<0.01).In addition,mRNA and protein levels of NNLRP3, ASC, Caspase-1, IL-1β and GSK-3β expressions in MI group were clearly increased (P<0.01) compared with those in sham group.These indicators were significantly decreased in SB+MI group (P<0.01). Interestingly, the indicators were all higher at 7 days than 2 days. CONCLUSION GSK-3β inhibition induces cardioprotection via attenuating the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome after the acute myocardial infarction in rats.