ABSTRACT
Objective To analyze the characteristics and epidemic trend of malignant tumor in Yueqing City of Zhejiang Province from 2012 to 2015 so as to provide scientific bases for policy making regarding control and prevention of malignant tumor.Methods Descriptive epidemiological analyses were made on the data of malignant tumor in Yueqing City from 2012 to 2015.Results The average annual incidence rate of malignant tumor from 2012 to 2015 was 248.85/105, the incidence rates from 2012 to 2015 were 238.24/105, 242.95/105, 247.15/105, 266.85/105, respectively.The average male incidence rate was 265.82/105, the average female incidence rate was 230.38/105.The former was higher than the latter.The group of 40-year-old and above age accounted for 91.64% of the total number of malignant tumor cases.Leukemia was common among 20-year-old and below age group.Breast cancer, liver cancer and lung cancer were common among 20-to 39-year-old age group.Lung cancer, liver cancer and gastric cancer were common among the age group of 40-year-old and above.The top five incidence rates of malignant tumor were lung cancer, liver cancer, gastric cancer, colorectal cancer and breast cancer, accounting for 56.74% of total cases thereof.Conclusion From 2012 to 2015, the incidence trend of malignant tumor in Yueqing City remained basically stable;the incidence rate remained relatively high and showed a slow rising trend on a yearly basis with the incidence rate of lung cancer increasing most significantly.The male incidence rate of malignant tumor was obviously higher than the female incident rate thereof.For the age group over 40, the incidence rate of malignant tumor increased significantly.It is necessary to pertinently strengthen the relevant health education of malignant tumor and implement the relevant early monitoring, thereby reducing the incidence rate.
ABSTRACT
Objective To learn the immunity levels of pertussis and diphtheria among healthy people in Wenzhou City,and to provide scientific evidence for the effective control of the two diseases.Methods Stratified sampling method was applied in this investigation and 1 350 healthy people were investigated and provided serum samples.Vaccine immunization of pertussis and diphtheria and demographic characteristics were also collected.Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)was conducted to detect pertussis and diphtheria antibodies.Those with more than 1 00 IU/ml aged more than 3 years were also investigated the disease history.The estimated infection rate of pertussis for population aged more than 3 years was based on the test results.The attenuation trend of pertussis and diphtheria immunity levels after vaccination was analyzed contrastively.Results The antibody positive rate to pertussis was 36. 52%,and the median of antibody concentration was 1 9. 45 IU/m1 .The antibody positive rate and concentration was highest among 36 -60 years old people (64. 29%,36. 39 IU/ml ).The vaccination rate of population with more than 3 doses of DPT (Diphtheria Toxoid -Pertussis Vaccine-Tetanus Toxoid)was 95. 80%,and the corresponding positive rate was 24. 36%.The positive rate was 28. 57% in 0-3 month and 1 0. 71% in 1 0 -1 2 month after vaccination.The antibody concentration to pertussis had a negative correlation with days after vaccination(r=-0. 22,P<0. 05).The proportion of subjects with more than 1 00 IU/ml in population aged more than 3 years was 7. 91%.The estimated infection rate of pertussis for population aged more than 3 years was 49. 27%.The antibody positive rate to diphtheria was 96. 00%,and the median of antibody concentration was 0. 1 3 IU/m1 . The positive rate was highest (1 00%) among 1 -2 years old people and lowest (82. 5%) among newborns.Antibody positive rate (protective rate)and antibody concentration to diphtheria of population which had more doses of DPT or had vaccinated with DT were higher than those had not (P<0. 05 ).The sustainability of vaccine to diphtheria was higher than pertussis after vaccination of DPT.Conclusion Residents in Wenzhou are generally vulnerable to pertussis.Natural infection is considered to be an important influencing factor for the level of pertussis.The level of diphtheria antibodies in Wenzhou is high.The vaccine containing diphtheria is considered useful for children.However,it is suggested to conduct diphtheria booster immunization in older age group.