ABSTRACT
ObjectiveTo identify the effects of venlafaxiue on the acquisition and consolidation of fear extinction memory in conditioning fear memory extinction model.MethodsMale Sprague-Dawley rats were treated with fear conditioning training in the A environment.Before the extinction training,all the experimental rats were given different doses of venlafaxine intraperitoneal injection.After 24 hours,all the rats test in the B environment.ResultsRepeated-measures ANOVA were conducted on the percent of freezing time for between-session extinction,test condition (F2,44 =458.958,P＜0.001 ) and VEN dose(F2,22 =43.026,P＜0.001 ) and a Test condition * Treatment interaction (F4,44 =31.363,P ＜ 0.001 ).For the within-session,post hoc comparisons indicated that the three groups that received different dose of VEN (0,20 and 40 mg/kg) did not differ from each other (P ＞ 0.05 ),indicating similar extinction following the post-conditioning.The rats injected with high-dose venlafaxine (40 mg/kg) intraperitoneally before extinction training showed pro,motion of between-subjects extinction of fear memory,but does not affect the within-subjects extinction.There was no significant catabolism in the rats injected with middle-dose (20 mg/kg).ConclusionThe available date indicate that venlafaxine could promote the extinction of fear memory and there is a dose-dependent relationship of venlafaxine in the facilitation of fear memory.Our results could provide some clinical guidance for the treatment of post-traumatic stress disorder and panic disorder.
ABSTRACT
Cerebral vasospasm is one of the complications after subarachnoid hemorrhage,and it is also the important reason for disability and death in patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage.Its pathogenesis remains unclear.At present,there are more studies about vascular endothelial cell function,yon Willebrand factor(vWF) is a specific marker in reflecting vascular endothelial cell function.This article reviews the role of vWF in cerebral vasospasm.