ABSTRACT
The femurs of 98 Chinese fetuses were observed and measured with radiographic method. A series data of femur-length and -width of different fetal-age groups was obtained. Calculated femur index (width/length?100)showed that the proportion between the femural length and the femural width remained considerably constant dur- ing the development of the fetus. The positive correlation between the length of the femur and the C-R length was revealed by statistical analysis; a regression equation was obtained. The authors suggest that it is possible to take the femural length as a criterion parameter to estimate the fetal age.
ABSTRACT
L in ulna and radius.In other long bones.most cases are asymmetrical.This means that the side-difference has been existedduring the fetal life.2.The sex-difference is non-significant during the fetal lifeat the age before 35th week.3.It has been found that the growing speed of limblong bones are different during the different periods of fetal live.It is suggestedthat the growth of fetal limb long bones be divided into two stages:(1)12th-13thweek is a high-speed synchronism stage,the length increased fast and generally theupper limb bones are longer than the relevant lower l(?)mb bones;(2)19th-35thweek is a reduced-speed divergent stage,the growing speed decreased relatively,helower limb long bones are over the upper in length.
ABSTRACT
The testis and its relative structures of 101 normal male fetuses (fetal-age 12-33 weeks) have been studied in this paper. The results were as follows: 1. The data of fetal growth of testis, epididymis and gubernaculum were given. 2. It has been found that there is no scrotum ligament existed. The gubernaculum is a mesenchyme tissue and is cylindrical pyramid in shape. Objectively, we cannot find any anatomical structure acted as a tractor in testis descending. 3. It has been found that the testis descends in chinese fetus between the 21th and the 25th week of fetal-age. It was completed in all of them after the 26th week. The time is more advanced than that of the traditional conception which referred to be between 7 th and 8 th month. 4. It has been confirmed that once the descent started, the testis run through inguinal canal rapidly. Generally, it seems that the testicular descent in left side is earlier than that in the right. From the above findings, the author suggests that it be necessary to correct the traditional conception in the Chinese anatomy book.
ABSTRACT
The ossification and development of the spinal column in 194 Chinese fetuseswere studied with radiographic method.Fetal age ranged from 12-35 weeks weredivided into 20 groups.The results were as follows:1.A series of data of longitu-dinal growth of cervical,thoracic,lumbar,sacral and coccygeal regions in differentfetal age groups was obtained,and the regression equations were presented.It ispossible to estimate the length of various regions of vertebral column accuratelyaccording to fetal-age.2.The sequence of development of the primary ossificationcentres in sacral and coccygeal regions was found.The regular pattern will be help-ful to determine the fetal-age and the development of bone.It is confirmed thatthe appearance of ossification centres is earlier in female than that in male.Thereis an existence of sexual difference.3.The total length of the thoracic region isalways the longest while that of the lumbar,cervical and sacral being progressivelyshorter.In comparison with the length of average“vertebral unit”,the lumbar isthe longest,cervical the shortest,thoracic is longer than sacral.During the period of12-35 weeks,the sequence of the length increased is lumbar,thoracic,cervical,andsacral,and comparing with original length,it is also lumbar,thoracic,cervical,andsacral.