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Natto is a soybean product fermented by natto bacteria. It is rich in a variety of amino acids, vitamins, proteins and active enzymes. It has a number of biological activities, such as thrombolysis, prevention of osteoporosis, antibacterial, anticancer, antioxidant and so on. It is widely used in medicine, health-care food, biocatalysis and other fields. Natto is rich in many pharmacological active substances and has significant medicinal research value. This paper summarizes the pharmacological activities and applications of natto in and outside China, so as to provide references for further research and development of natto.
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Seaweed is a traditional Chinese medicine homologous to food, in which polysaccharides are responsible for anti-cancer by enhancing immunity, inducing cancer cell apoptosis, inhibiting cancer cell invasion and metastasis or directly scavenging oxidative free radicals that induce cancer cell changes. Among them, regulating immunity and promoting cancer cell apoptosis are intensively studied due to the important role in preventing cancer. Here we reviewed seaweed in the apoptosis-inducing signaling pathways including PI3K/AKT, ROS and JNK and discussed challenges in studying seaweed.
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The leaves and fruits of Ginkgo biloba L.are embodied in Pharmacopoeia of People's Republic of China,mainly contain ginkgo flavonoids,terpene lactones,phenolic acids,isopentenyl alcohol,steroids and other chemical compositions.The extract and active ingredients can be made into tablets,capsules,granules,oral liquid,injection,dripping pills,syrup,tincture and other formulations,clinically used for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease treatment.The adverse reactions are allergies,diarrhea,bleeding,liver and kidney toxicity.This review contains the chemical composition,dosage form and clinical adverse reactions of Ginkgo biloba in recent years,for providing a reference of further development and rational utilization of this plant resource.
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Study on pharmacodynamic material basis of Chinese materia medica (CMM) is one of the key points of CMM modern research. It is also the core of ascertaining the overall efficacy and the function essence of CMM. It is an important basis for the safety, efficacy and quality control of CMM. However, since the multiple components, complex medical effects and interactions among effective components of CMM, the clarification of pharmacodynamic material basis has become a difficult question, which restricts the CMM modernization. Therefore, pharmacodynamic material basis of CMM has received widespread attention in the academic field. Many experts and scholars have done a lot of research and practice on this area. This article analyzed relevant literatures about pharmacodynamic material basis researches of CMM, and reviewed connotation, research thoughts and methods of CMM. It discussed some existing problems in current studies. The goal was to provide references for pharmacodynamic material basis of CMM.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the intestinal absorption mechanism of swertiamain metabolite {(Z)-5-ethylidene-8-hydroxy-3,4,5,6,7,8-hexahydro-1H-pyrano [3,4-c]pyridine-1-one, EHPO}.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>The time depended hi-directional transport of EHPO in Caco-2 monolayer model was investigated with the factors of concentration, pH and verapamil. EHPO concentration was measured by HPLC assay and the apparent permeability coefficients (Papp) were calculated.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>In the this cell model, EHPO could be absorbed through Caco-2 soon. The P(app AP-BL) was equal to the P(app BL-AP), and Papp keep almost constant with the selected concentration investigated. But the Papp could be influenced by pH and verapamil (100 mg x L(-1)).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The absorption of EHPO in Caco-2 cell model is a passive one. And absorption of EHPO in the intestines is quite good.</p>
Subject(s)
Humans , Biological Transport , Caco-2 Cells , Cell Membrane Permeability , Drugs, Chinese Herbal , Chemistry , Pharmacokinetics , Models, BiologicalABSTRACT
Objective To establish a method for the quality control of Qingyan Dropping Pill.MethodsAn HPLC method was developed to establish the fingerprint of polar components in Qingyan Dropping Pill,and 12 samples from various batches were analyzed.Furthermore,principal component analysis(PCA) was used to differentiate and evaluate the whole fingerprints.The relationship between Qingyan Dropping Pill and their original herbs were investigated with HPLC-DAD method.Results The result showed that liquiritin was the key component of quality control.Among the chromatographic peaks,there were six chromatographic peaks coming from Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma;Five chromatographic peaks coming from Chebulae Fructus.Conclusion This method can be used as quality control for Qingyan Dropping Pill.
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Objective To study the separation and purification technology of iridoid glycosides and xanthones from Swertia mussotii by macroporous resin.Methods The dynamic adsorption and desorption characteristics of macroporous adsorption resins HPD-300,HPD-400,HPD-600,AB-8,DM-301,and D-101-Ⅰ for swertiamarin and swertianolin were investigated.On the base of the investigation,the better macroporous adsorption resin was chosen to finish the experiments.Results The adsorption and elution characteristics of HPD-300 used to separate and purify iridoid glycosides and xanthones were very good.In the course of adsorption,the amount of used adsorption is 0.9 g dried medicinal herb/mL resin,with about 8 pH value of adsorption solution,and the volumetric rate is 2 BV/h; In the course of elution,the resin column chromatography was eluted gradiently with 7 BV 20% and 5 BV 70% EtOH after removing impurities with water.The elution rates were both more than 90%,and the contents of iridoid glycosides and xanthones were both up to 50% in the two dried fractions of 20% and 70% ethanolic elutions.Conclusion HPD-300 is an ideal resin with the best enrichment for separating and purifying both iridoid glucosioles and xanthanoes simultanously.