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Objective Regurgitation,infantile colic,and fnnctional constipation are common gastrointestinal symptoms in childhood,the aim of this study was to explore the prevalence and distribution of these symptoms in China.Methods A screening program in infants aged 0 to 3 years selected through stratified cluster random sampling was carried out in 7 citics in China.Questionnaires were filled,and then diagnosis were made according to Rome Ⅳ criteria.Areas,(urban-rural),age and gender distribution of prevalence of childhood common gastrointestinal symptoms were analyzed.Results Totally,20 932 effective questionnaires were returned.The total number of infants aged 0 to 1 years was 10 193.Regurgitation was diagnosed in 1 960 infants,with the prevalence of 19.2％,among infants aged 0 to 3 months that had highest prevalence (29.8％).The prevalence decreased with age,and differences among different age groups showed significant.For infantile colic,4 470 infants aged 0 to 5 months were analyzed and the prevalence of infantile colic was 7.3％.The prevalence of infantile colic was the highest in infants aged 1 to 2 months (10.0％).Age specific difference was significant.Of all the infants,functional constipation was diagnosed in 1 755 infants with the prevalence of 8.4％,and the lowest prevalence was found in infants aged 0 to 3 months (6.2％),and the highest prevalence was in infants aged 30 to 36 months (10.0％).The differences in different age group were significant.Conclusion Symptoms of regurgitation,infantile colic,and functional constipation are common in infants in China,with age specific difference in prevalence of the symptoms.
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Objective Regurgitation,infantile colic,and fnnctional constipation are common gastrointestinal symptoms in childhood,the aim of this study was to explore the prevalence and distribution of these symptoms in China.Methods A screening program in infants aged 0 to 3 years selected through stratified cluster random sampling was carried out in 7 citics in China.Questionnaires were filled,and then diagnosis were made according to Rome Ⅳ criteria.Areas,(urban-rural),age and gender distribution of prevalence of childhood common gastrointestinal symptoms were analyzed.Results Totally,20 932 effective questionnaires were returned.The total number of infants aged 0 to 1 years was 10 193.Regurgitation was diagnosed in 1 960 infants,with the prevalence of 19.2％,among infants aged 0 to 3 months that had highest prevalence (29.8％).The prevalence decreased with age,and differences among different age groups showed significant.For infantile colic,4 470 infants aged 0 to 5 months were analyzed and the prevalence of infantile colic was 7.3％.The prevalence of infantile colic was the highest in infants aged 1 to 2 months (10.0％).Age specific difference was significant.Of all the infants,functional constipation was diagnosed in 1 755 infants with the prevalence of 8.4％,and the lowest prevalence was found in infants aged 0 to 3 months (6.2％),and the highest prevalence was in infants aged 30 to 36 months (10.0％).The differences in different age group were significant.Conclusion Symptoms of regurgitation,infantile colic,and functional constipation are common in infants in China,with age specific difference in prevalence of the symptoms.
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The efficacy and safety of Saccharomyces boulardii in treatment of candida esophagitis was investigated by a single center, prospective, open label and non-inferiority trial.Eighty nine patients with candida esophagitis attending in Shanxi Provincial People′s Hospital during April 2015 to March 2016 were randomly divided into Saccharomyces boulardii group (45 cases) and nystatin group (44 cases), and oral Saccharomyces boulardii powder and Nystatin tablets were given to two groups respectively.The curative effect was evaluated by gastroscopy after the treatment.The results showed that the cure rate of Saccharomyces boulardii group and nystatin group was 68.9%(31/45)and 63.6%(28/44), and the Saccharomyces boulardii was noi inferior to nystatin (x2=3.027, P0.05].The incidence of adverse reactions in boulardii group was significantly lower than that in nystatin group [2.2%(1/45) vs.22.7%(10/44), x2=8.636, P<0.05].The study suggests that the cure rate of Saccharomyces boulardii is not inferior to nystatin in treatment of candida esophagitis, while the incidence of adverse reactions of Saccharomyces boulardii is lower.
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@#Objective To investigate the effect of vocational rehabilitation and related factors in adult mental retarded persons in Beijing.Methods 152 mental retarded adult persons were investigated with Scale of Vocational Rehabilitation Effective for Adult with Mental Retarda⁃ tion. Results 59 (38.82%) persons improved their vocational ability after rehabilitation. The related factors of vocational rehabilitation included the causes of mental retardation and maladaptive behavior. Conclusion It is important for the vacational rehabilitation that the consultants deal with the maladaptive behavior appropriately.
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@#Objective To study the characteristics of language function development and establish the reference standards in children of4~6 years old. Methods 616 hearing normal children at the age of 3~7 from 13 provinces in China were assessed with Language FunctionEvaluation for Hearing-impaired Children. 583 usable data were analyzed via SPSS 17.0. Results The older the children were, the highertheir scores of language function evaluation were (P<0.001). The differences between boys and girls on coordination function and relaxationfunction were significant (P<0.01). The girls were better than the boys. The reference standards of children of 4~6 years old were set downbased on the regression analysis. Conclusion There are some laws on children's language function development. The reference standards ofchildren by 4~6 years old has been developed.
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@#ObjectiveTo investigate the situation characteristic, cause and needs of visual disability in Shanxi Province and to provide prevention measures corresponding to different causes.MethodsBy cluster random sampling, 88 townships were selected and 75016 persons received the eye examination in 22 countries in Shanxi from July 1 to May 31 in 2006. Visual acuity and eye examination were performed by ophthalmologist and judged the causes.ResultsThe total prevalence rate of visual impairment in Shanxi was estimated to be 6.21‰.The was a significant increase in the prevalence rate of visual impairment as the age grew older(χ2＝415.54, P<0.05), those in women was higher than that in men(χ2＝40.62, P<0.05). The prevalence rate of visual impairment in countryside was significantly higher than that in city(χ2＝25.37, P<0.05).The chief causes of visual impairment were cataract(39.34%), there are 43.91% of visual impairment who had not received any rehabilitation services, and most of those were medical services (35.26%).ConclusionVisual impairment prevention should establish a social security system and security system. Increase the investment of medical services and relief. To take different preventive measures corresponding to different ages. The preventive of visual impairment of shanxi should be focus on senile eye diseases. The major work should be put in remote rural area.
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@#Objective To explore the outcome of children with mental retardation after 3 years follow-up. Methods The subjects were 237 children with mental retardation, selected from Beijing Municipal Investigation for Children with Disability in 2004. Gesell Developmental Schedule and Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children were used to estimate the children's intelligence. Results After 3 years, the outcome showed non-mental retarded, 124 subjects (52.32%); mild mental retarded, 46; moderate mental retarded, 32; severe mental retarded, 16; profound mental retardation, 19. The related factors include urban/suburban (B=-0.622), parental knowledge about rehabilitation training (B=-0.470) and score of personal social interaction in Gesell Test(B=-0.040). Conclusion The outcomes of children with mental retardation are different. But some problems still exist even in non-mental retarded children.
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@# Objective To investigate the rehabilitation conditions of the developmental disabled children.Methods 269 developmental disabled children were involved.Among them,237 children were with mental retarded disability,57 with physical disability and 26 with psychological disability.Questionnaire was used to estimate their condition and affecting factors.Results The prevalence of non-rehabilitation in mental retarded children was 71.31%,in physical developmental disabled children was 33.93%,and in psychological developmental disabled children was 42.31%.The rehabilitation measures focused on training and medical service,rarely on psychological service.The rehabilitation's affecting factors included singleton(P<0.01),maternal age(P<0.01),parental educational degree(P<0.05) and parental understanding of the rehabilitation(P<0.001).Conclusion The factors affecting rehabilitation are complicated,and what we should do now is to subside the poor family,propagandize the rehabilitation knowledge to the children's parents.
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@#Objective To investigate the needs of rehabilitations in persons with mental retardation in Beijing.Methods 738 persons with mental retardation surveyed in the Second China National Sample Survey on Disability were involved,their rehabilitation condition and requisition were evaluated.Results 63.69% of them needed rehabilitation in community and family,73.31% needed rehabilitation training,their needs on medical service were met,needs on rehabilitation training were above provided service,needs on assistance articles and utensils were low,and needs on employment were high.Conclusion The case management system for persons with mental retardation should be built to meet their rehabilitation requisitions on different age and grade with various approaches.
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@#Objective To investigate the status of rehabilitation demands of persons with speech disability in Beijing.Methods 355 persons with speech disability in Beijing in the Second National Sample Survey were involved in the study;their rehabilitation status and demands were evaluated.Results Persons with speech disability mainly needed rehabilitation in institute and in community and family,rehabilitation training and medicine service were needed mainly;persons with speech disability at different age and handicapped grade had different rehabilitation demands.Conclusion Rehabilitation awareness of persons with speech disability should be improved,a group of staffs on speech rehabilitation are base to satisfy rehabilitation training demands.
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Objective To evaluate the association of c-erbB-2 protein expression with the prognosis of gastric carcinoma. Methods Eleven literatures were analyzed which published in recent 15 years on the relationship of c-erbB-2 with prognosis quantitively by software RevMan. Results The pooled odds ratio(OR) of 5-year survival rates was 0.69(95% CI:0.54～0.87)for all 11 literatures. The pooled odds ratio(OR) of three literatures from eleven literatures was 0.67(95%CI:0.48～0.94)which 5-year survival rates was determined as final index and OR as associated.For well-differentiated and advanced gastric carcinoma, the pooled odds ratio(OR) of 5～year survival rates were 0.18(95%CI:0.09～0.38)and 0.72(95%CI:0.47～1.09)respectively.Conclusion The association of c-erbB-2 expression with prognosis of gastric carcinoma is negative.
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Objective To understand the prevalence rate of mild cognitive impairment(MCI) of the aged people in the communities of Taiyuan,and to provide evidence for early diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease(AD). Methods Using a simple mental state examination(MMSE),2895 aged people of over 60 years from three communities of Wanbailin in Taiyuan were selected by cluster random sampling method.The MCI elderly patients screened were investigated further by using community health status questionnaire.Results The average MCI prevalent rate of the aged people was 7.6%;Age,marital status and education background significantly affected prevalent rate(P
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Objective: To revise the Griffith Mental Development Scales and establish the norm being suited to the Chinese local conditions. Methods: The standardized sample consisted of 2022 children aged 0 to 7 years old was collected in a stratified and random way according to city rank, age, sex, paternal occupations. Each subject was tested individually and filled in a form. Results: The total sample had better representation. The mean of GQ was about 100, and the distribution of GQ is normal. Item analysis indicated that the item difficulty was about 0.5 and discrimination was from 0.62 to 0.78. A few orders of items were revised. The scorer reliability was 0.953. The test-retest reliability was 0.948. The correlation coefficients were 0.481 to 0.854 among the sub-scales or between sub-scales and General DQ. The result of exploratory factor analysis had three factors. The ratio of variance was 79.8%.Conclusion:Griffith Mental Development Scales have ideal reliability and validity.