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Objective To observe the effects of Er-YAG and surgical resection in the treatment of oral cav-ity mucous cyst. Methods A total of 63 patients with oral cavity mucous cyst ,selected in our hospital from March 2013 to May 2014,were divided into control group(n=31)and experimental group(n=32)based on dif-ferent therapies. The oral cavity mucous cysts in the experimental group and the control group were treated with Er-YAG and surgical resection ,respectively. The two groups were compared in terms of therapeutic effect. Results The cure rate in the two groups had no significant difference (P>0.05). The operation time in the experiment group was significantly shorter than the control group(P0.05). The SAS scores had no significant difference between the two groups at 1 week after operation (P > 0.05),but they were significantly higher in the experiment group than in the control group before operation and 3 days after op-eration(P 0.05). Conclusions The curative effect of Er-YAG in the treatment of oral mucous cysts is close to that by the conventional surgery,but the former is advantageous for easier operation,less postoperative complications and alle-viation of patientspsychology pressure,worthy of clinical spreading.
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Objective To investigate the effects of S-allylcysteine ( SAC ) , on nitric oxide ( NO ) production and antioxidant enzyme activities in hyperlipidemic rats. Methods Male Wistar rats were randomly divided into seven groups. Five groups including normal control group ( normal diet) , model control group ( high-fat diet, HFD) and SAC low,medium,high treated group (high-fat diet +25,50,100 mg·kg-1 SAC) were sacrificed after 4 weeks dosing,while the other two groups including L-arginine group (normal diet+ 20 mg·kg-1 L-arginine) and SAC+L-arginine group (50 mg·kg-1 SAC+20 mg·kg-1 L-arginine) were sacrificed at 4 h after dosing. The serum, livers and kidneys were collected. The levels of NO, the activities of nitric oxide synthase ( NOS ) , antioxidant enzymes in vivo and L-arginine contents in serum were determined. Results Comparing with model control group, the activities of total NOS in serum and liver were significantly reduced in SAC-treated groups (P<0. 05). The level of L-arginine in SAC-treated groups was (8. 25 ± 1. 15), (7. 76 ± 1. 24) and (7. 22 ± 1. 64)μg·mL-1 , respectively. Compared with model control group, the level of L-arginine were significantly reduced in SAC-treated groups (P<0. 05). Comparing with L-arginine group, the activities of total NOS (T-NOS) and iNOS were reduced in SAC+L-arginine group. SAC treatment (100 mg·kg-1) significantly increased the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) (P<0. 01) and the level of glutathione (GSH) (P<0.01), and decreased the level of malondialdehyde (MDA) in serum and liver of hyperlipidemic rats. Conclusion These data suggest that SAC inhibits the NO production by reducing iNOS activity, arginine concentration and exhibited antioxidant activity, which may play a pharmacologically important role in protection from oxidative injury and pathogenesis of atherosclerosis.
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OBJECTIVE To observe the effect of baicalin on Aβ25-35 induced learning and memory deficits and changes in autophagy-related genes in mice so as to explore the related mechanisms of Alzheimer disease (AD) treatment . METHODS C57 mice were administered with 3μL Aβ25-35 3 mmol·L-1 by intracerebroventricular injection to establish an AD model. Baicalin was given by intracerebroventricular injection at the dose of 25, 50 and 100 mg · kg-1 for 15 d, respectively. The total distance and the central grid residence time were measured in the open-field test. The escape latency and the time to reach the platform were monitored in the Morris water maze trial. The autophagic vacuoles in the hippocampus of the mice were observed by transmission electron microscopy before the protein expressions of microtu?bule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 (LC3) and Beclin1 in brain tissue were analyzed by Western blot?ting assay. RESULTS Intracerebroventricular injection of Aβ25-35 could reduce the total distance from (3984±321)cm to (2790±306)cm and extend central grid residence time from (3.6±1.2)s to (8.8±2.9)s in the open-field test. The escape latency of water maze also increased from (22.0 ± 1.9)s to (38.8 ± 2.2)s. Autophagic vacuoles or late autophagic vacuoles and increased Beclin1 and LC3 and protein level were observed in the hippocampus after Aβ25-35 injection. Intraperitoneal injection of Baicalin 50 and 100 mg · kg-1 for fifteen consecutive days extended the total distance in open-field test to (3705 ± 337)cm and (3968 ± 448)cm, respectively, while the central grid residence time was reduced to (5.6 ± 1.8)s and (3.9±1.5)s, respectively. The total time taken to reach the platform in water maze test was reduced to (28.6± 1.9)s, (22.9 ± 1.7)s. Mitochondrial swelling, vacuolar membrane structure or autophagic vacuoles were visible in the hippocampus. LC3 and Beclin1 protein expression was significantly up-regulated(P<0.01). CONCLUSION Baicalin shows protective effect against Aβ25-35 induced learning and memory deficits, and this effect may be related to the activation of autophagy in the mouse hippocampus.
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BACKGROUND:The post space cleaning using ultrasonic file can improve the bonding strength of fiber postscemented with the self-adhesive resin cement, but the effect on apical sealing ability is stil unclear. OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the effect of the post space cleaning using ultrasonic file on apical microleakage fol owing treatment with two kinds of root canal sealers at two different residual lengths of root canal fil ing. METHODS:Eighty extracted human maxil ary anterior teeth with single-rooted canal were selected, and equivalently randomized into groups A and B (n=40 per group), fol owed by fil ed with Cortisomol or AH-plus, respectively. Groups A and B were randomly subdivided into four groups according to the residual length of root canal fil ing and with or without ultrasonic cleaning (n=10 per group):A1, B1 groups:residual 5 mm, no ultrasonic cleaning;A2, B2 groups:residual 5 mm, ultrasonic cleaning;A3, B3 groups:residual 3 mm, no ultrasonic cleaning;A4, B4 groups:residual 3 mm, ultrasonic cleaning. Subsequently, the apical microleakage was measured using dye method and transparent specimen technique under stereomicroscope. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The apical microleakage of each group was as fol ows:A1 (0.73±0.21) mm, A2 (1.37±0.55) mm, A3 (1.18±0.36) mm, A4 (2.05±0.62) mm, B1 (0.34±0.18) mm, B2 (0.47±0.14) mm, B3 (0.59±0.23) mm, B4 (1.39±0.50) mm. The three-factor analysis of variance revealed that the ultrasonic cleaning, root canal sealers and residual length of root canal fil ing al had a significant effects on the apical microleakage (P<0.05), and there were significant differences in the apical microleakage between groups A1 and A2, groups A3 and A4, groups B3 and B4, groups A2 and A4, groups B2 and B4 (P<0.05). These results indicate that the ultrasonic cleaning increases the apical microleakage fol owing the use of Cortisomol at 5 and 3 mm residual length, as wel as the use of AH-Plus at 3 mm residual length. Moreover, for the same root canal sealer, the longer residual length of root canal fil ing indicates, the less microleakage after ultrasonic cleaning.
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Objective To study the morphological variations of maxillary sinus and to provide anatomical basis for maxillary posterior teeth implantation and extraction usingcone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scan-ning. Methods CBCT images from 403 patients were reviewed. The minimal distance from sinus floor to alveolar ridge wasmeasured and the number of patients with clinical features such as having sinus septum , mucosal thicken-ing and posterior teeth roots extend into maxillary sinus were counted. Results The mean value of the minimal dis-tance from maxillary sinus floor to alveolar ridge was about 8.3 mm, there was no significant statistical difference between sex, but there was a significant statisticalsignificant difference between the left sides and the right sides. Occurrences of sinus septum, mucosal thickening and roots into sinus were 98.6%, 31% (in which 56.3% of mu-cosal thickening were related to apical periodontitis) and 47%. there was no significantstatisticaldifference between the two sides in males females. Conclusions The morphological variations of maxillary sinus are significant. Chron-ic inflammation in maxillary sinuis is closely related to the position of maxillary posterior teeth roots and periapical lesions.
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Objective:To determine the expression profile and potential roles of CD24 in oral squamous cell carcinoma and explore the values of CD24 function as a potential target of clinical therapy.Me-thods:Semi-quantitative immunohistochemistry was used to construct the expression profile of CD24 in 78 human oral tissues and 59 Hamster buccal pouch tissues.Real-time RT-PCR and Western blot were used to analyze the CD24 expression levels in oral DOK4 cells,oral cancer CAL-27 and WSU-HN6 cells. Then these two cancer cell lines were selected to evaluate the effect of all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA)and CD24 antibody on CD24 expression,and the proliferation and tumorsphere formation capacity of these two cell lines.Results:CD24 expression was found significantly elevated in both human and animal tissues compared with normal and benign tissues (P<0.05),as well as in oral cancer CAL-27 and WSU-HN6 cells compared with DOK cells (P<0.05).CAL-27 and WSU-HN6 cells possess increased proliferative and specific tumorsphere formation capability compared with DOK cells (P<0.05 ).Both ATRA and CD24 antibody were able to effectively inhibit the proliferation and tumorsphere formation of CAL-27 and WSU-HN6 cells (P<0.05).Among them ATRA at least involved partially in the proliferation by down-regulating the CD24 expression (P<0.05 ),while CD24 antibody blocking had no effect on the CD24 expression.Conclusion:CD24 was upregulated in oral cancer and functioned as a potential factor that promoted the proliferation and tumorsphere formation of CAL-27 and WSU-HN6 cells.Both ATRA and CD24 antibody might effectively inhibit the proliferation and tumorsphere formation of CAL-27 and WSU-HN6 cells and function as a potential therapy target.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>This study aimed to evaluate the success and survival rate of endodontically treated premolars restored by ceramic onlays by comparing restored by quartz fiber posts and metal ceramic crowns.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Ninety-four patients with 126 endodontically treated premolars were enrolled in this study and divided into 4 groups according to the remaining axial walls and restorative methods. The observation time was 36 months. The success and survival rates of the restorations, as well as causes of failures, were analyzed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>At the final follow-up, the success and survival rates of the mild defect endodontically treated premolars were restored by quartz fiber posts and the crowns were at 96.3% and 98.1%; the success and survival rates of the severe defect premolars restored by quartz fiber posts and crowns were at 88.5% and 96.2%. The success and survival rates of the mild defect premolars restored by cast ceramic onlays were both at 96.6%, the success and survival rates of the severe defect premolars restored by cast ceramic onlays were at 94.1% and 100%, respectively. The success and survival rates of the different groups were no significant difference (P>0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Based on the results and within the limits of this study, cast ceramic onlays is a very reliable method to restore endodontically treated premolars.</p>
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Humans , Bicuspid , Ceramics , Crowns , Inlays , Post and Core Technique , Retrospective Studies , Tooth, NonvitalABSTRACT
Objective:To study the vertical and horizontal proportions in facial area and the difference between Han and Kazak normal adults in Xinjiang area.Methods:According to certain standards,the adult Han and Kazak college students in Urumqi were randomly selected.Frontal photographs were taken for the subjects in accordance with the same standards.The data were imported into computer, and 20 standard anthropometric marks were determined,then 1 5 measurements were performed by photoshop soft ware,1 9 proportion i-tems of the mesurements was established.Independent sample t-test was applied for statistic analysis by SPSS1 9.0.Results:The face of the males was shorter and wider than that of the females.The males have smaller fissure width and bigger alar width than the females. However,the Han subjects have smaller fissure width and mouth width,bigger alar width and intercanthal width than the Kazak.Con-clusion:This study suggests that facial proportions were significantly different between the two nationalities and between sexes in Xin-jiang.
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Objective:To observe the effect of “bulk-fill”flowable resin in filling deep wedge-shaped defects.Methods:50 pa-tients with totally 85 pairs of premolars with deep wedge-shaped defects(depth >2 mm)were included.Each pair of the defects was randomly divided into the test group and the control group,the defects were treated by “bulk-fill”flowable resin with single cure tech-nique and conventional flowable resin with incremental layering technique respectively,the tooth sensitive rate 1 week after filling,the filling failure rate,the edge coloring and secondary caries rate 2 years after filling of the 2 groups were compared.Results:There was no significant difference between the 2 groups in the sensitive rate 1 week after filling,the failure rate and the edge coloring and sec-ondary caries rate 2 years after filling(P >0.05).Conclusion:The “bulk-filled”flowable resin using single cure technique can ac-quire the same clinical effect as conventional flowable resin using incremental layering technique in filling deep wedge-shaped defects.
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<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Apical abscess is an inflammatory process in the peri-radicular tissues caused by biofilms in the necrotic root canal systems. Therefore, a comprehensive analysis of the bacterial colonization is required for a better understanding of the pathogenesis. This study aimed to investigate the patterns of bacterial infection of root canals of teeth with apical abscesses and to determine whether histological and microbiological findings correlated with clinical conditions.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Eighteen samples from 18 teeth with apical pathological lesions were analyzed. Nine patients with acute apical abscesses experienced severe pain, and nine patients were asymptomatic with a sinus tract. After extraction, each affected root was divided into two halves. One half was processed for histobacteriologic analysis and examined using light microscopy, and the other half was analyzed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to determine the patterns of microbial colonization of the root canals.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The appearance of each sample subjected to SEM was consistent with the histobacteriologic findings despite the presence or absence of clinical symptoms. Intraradicular biofilms comprising cocci, rods, and/or filaments of amorphous materials were observed in the apical third of the main root canals in all samples. The bacterial biofilms covering the main root canal walls also penetrated the dentinal tubules to varying depths. The morphologies of biofilms varied, and a unique pattern of intraradicular infection was not identified.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Intraradicular infections formed complex and variable multispecies biofilms and their presence did not correlate with clinical symptoms.</p>
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Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Abscess , Microbiology , Bacterial Infections , Microbiology , Biofilms , Dental Pulp Cavity , Microbiology , Microscopy, Electron, ScanningABSTRACT
Objective:To study the face profile difference between the Han and Kazak normal youths.Methods:College students of Han and Kazak aged 18-22 years,including 152 Han subjects(58 males and 94 females)and 155 Kazak subjects(62 males and 93 fe-males)in Urumqi were randomly selected.Profile photos were taken for every subject in accordance with same standards respectively. The data were import into computer.Photoshop software was used for measuring the profiles.Independent sample T test was applied for data analysis by SPSS 19.0.Results:Lip protrusion of the males was larger than that of the females and tip of nose was more upward in the females than that in the males in both Han and Kazak subjects.However,the Han subjects have more protruding lips,smaller chin and more upward nose tip compared with the Kazak subjects.Conclusion:This study suggests that there were significant differences of face profile between the two nationalities and sexes in Xinjiang.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the incidence, influence factors and treatment methods of oral mucositis (OM) following hematopoietic stem cells transplantation (HSCT).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A clinical analysis about the total 71 OM cases occurring after HSCT among 166 patients in Peking University People's Hospital during 2009 was completed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The healing rate of OM was 95.77% and the average healing time was (17.61 +/- 8.36) d after HSCT. There were no obvious effects of gender, age, HLA matches, conditioning regimen to the healing time of OM (P > 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Gender, age, HLA matches and conditioning regimen have no obvious effects on healing time. By given timely and effective treatment, the incidence of OM can be reduced and even severe OM can also be well cured.</p>
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Humans , Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation , Hematopoietic Stem Cells , Stomatitis , Transplantation Conditioning , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
Objective: To explore rational drug usage for periodontitis treatment through a comparative study of the efficacy of four kinds of drugs on the experimental periodontitis. Methods: 126 Wistar rats,10 randomly selected as normal control group, the other 116 were modeled by using local wire ligation and systemic prednisolone acetate injection. Successful animal models were randomly divided into model control group and berberine hydrochloride, minocycline hydrochloride, ginsenoside Rg-1 and transforming growth factor-β1 treatment groups, which were treated with each kind of medicine separately and were killed at the end of 1, 2, 4 weekend. Detected IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-6, BGP levels by immunohistochemical SABC assay. Results: IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-6 of the treatment groups were lower and BGP was higher than model control group(P<0.05).Among them, the role of berberine hydrochloride to reduce IL-1β and TNF-α was the best. The role of minocycline hydrochloride to reduce IL-6 was the fastest. The role of transforming growth factor-β1 to increase BGP was the fastest. The role of ginsenoside Rg-1 to increase BGP was more lasting and better follow-up. Berberine and ginsenoside Rg-1 reduced IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-6 and increased BGP at the same time. Conclusion: The treatment of minocycline hydrochloride and transforming growth factor-β1 are quick. Berberine and ginsenoside Rg-1, particularly berberine have the advantage of multi-targets' role.
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To evaluate the clinical effects of rotary nickel-titanium instruments Mtwo in root canal therapy in the aged patients. Using step-back technique,80 teeth with pulpal and periapical involvement were instrumented by Mtwo in the M group, and by K file in the K group. Mtwo could keep the original curvature and flow of the root canals. No transportation, apical blockage, ledge or perforation was found in the M group. There was more complications in the K group than in the M group.The operative time was shorter and posttreatment pain seldom occurred in the M group. With rotary NiTi instruments Mtwo for seniles' root canals treatment, root canals can be prepared effectively and quickly,and is worth of clinical application.
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The broad-spectrum antibacterial action of berberine hydrochloride mainly contributes to recurrent aphtha, periapical periodontitis, radioactive mucositis and pericoronitis, however a little evidence support the action mechanism underlying periodontitis treatment. OBJECTIVE: To determine the effects of berberine hydrochloride on the expressions of related cytokines in periodontal tissues of experimental periodontitis rats, to reveal and understand the action pathway of berberine hydrochloride on oral tissue repair. METHODS: Sixty Wistar rats weighing 160-200 g, aged 3 months Models, were involved in this study.Models of experimental periodontitis were established in rats through a use of local steel-wire ligation and systemic injection of prednisone acetate. Forty successfully established models were randomized into periodontitis model group (n=8) and periodontitis treatment group (n=32), at the same time, 10 normal rats served as control group. The treatment group of animals were fed with 0.06 g/kg berberine hydrochloride daily and medicated to death over the 1, 2, 3, 4 weekends (8 rats each). The model group was fed with isodose normal saline. The model group and normal control group were killed at the fourth weekend. Main observations: ①Oral gross observation and X-ray film examination; ②Pathological assay of periodontal tissues; ③Immunohistochemical SABC method was conducted to determine the expressions of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), bone gla protein (BGP), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6) in periodontal tissues in rats. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:①Following hormone injection, gum tissue exhibited erosion and pyorrhea in model group of rats; the above-mentioned symptoms were relieved in rats of treatment group; there was no abnormality in periodontal tissues of normal rats. X-ray examination revealed alveolar crest resorption and obvious interredicular shadow in the model group.②Rats of model group showed obvious pathologic changes in periodontal tissues, the levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 were significantly higher and the level of BGP was dramatically lower than those in normal group (P < 0.05); Treatment with berberine hydrochloride decreased the levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 in periodontal tissues and increased the level of BGP compared with model group (P < 0.05). The periodontal tissues in groups treated with berberine hydrochloride exhibited pathological changes at inflammatory repair stage. Results showed that berberine hydrochloride inhibits the expressions of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 in periodontal tissues in experiment rat models of periodontitis, and promotes the expression of BGP and repair of periodontal tissue.
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Objective: To compare and analyze the antimicrobial efficacy of three different mechanical preparation techniques in single infected root canals. Methods; Forty-five single root canals with chronic periapical periodontitis were selected. The specimens were divided into three groups randomly, 15 root canals per group. Croup A: preparation with stainless steel K-files (step-back technique), Croup B: preparation with HERO 642 NiTi rotary files (crown-down technique) and Group C: preparation with Mtwo NiTi rotary files ( modified crown-down technique). The sterile normal saline was used as irrigation. Samples were taken before and after canal preparation. The difference of CFU was calculated as well as the bacterial species. Results; All groups were effective to reduce bacteria within the infected root canals greatly(P<0.01). Croup A and Group C were statistically better than Group B(P<0.05). Group A was more effective than Group C but there was no statistically difference between them(P>0.05). Conclusion; Mechanical preparation can greatly reduce the intracanal bacteria, but can not obtain bacteria-free canals. The mechanical preparation must be aided by chemical irrigation to improve the success of root canal therapy.
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0.05). While the length of penetration had statistical differences between 0.02 tapered angle group and 0.06 tapered angle group (P
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BACKGROUND: Oyster shell has been recently reported as a new root canal filling material; therefore, it needs primary biological evaluation, i.e., cytotoxicity test and genotoxicity test, before clinical application. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of oyster shell powder. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: A contrast observational study was performed at the Materials Laboratory, School of Stomatology of Peking University from April to July 2008. MATERIALS: Oyster shell powder was provided by Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences; L929 cell strain and Salmonella typhimurium TA97, TA98, TA100, and TA102 were provided by the National Institute for the Control of Pharmaceutical and Biological Products. METHODS: Oyster shell diffusion was prepared based on the times of 0.5, 1, and 2. According to the standards of biological evaluation of dental materials, the cytotoxity and genotoxicity of oyster shell were evaluated with molecule filter test and Ames test. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Fading area of the film induced by succinic dehydrogenase and amount of spontaneous revertants. RESULTS: After 2 hours, the results indicated that fading area of the film in the experimental group was the same as negative control, i.e., fading was not found in the film, and cytotoxicity was grade 0. After 24 hours, diameter of non-stained film was 1.0-2.0 mm, fading area was 1-3 mm2, and cytotoxicity was grade 1, suggesting that the material had light cytotoxity that was still qualified. The spontaneous revertant test indicated that the mutagenicity of experimental groups was no more than 2 times of the control groups, suggesting there was no dose-dependence. CONCLUSION: Oyster shell powder has no cytotoxicity and genotoxicity on the organism.
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Objective:To observe the color change of tooth i nduced by hydrogen peroxide gel. Method:12 extracted teeth were randomly assigned to two groups (n=6) and treated with 350 g/L and 75 g/L hy drogen peroxide gel respectively. One of the 6 samples in each group was used as the control. The bleaching gel was placed onto the enamel surface of the sample s. In 350 g/L gel group digital photographs were taken just before,10 and 30 min after the process, in 75 g/L gel group digital photographs were taken before an d 1.5?N(N=0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7) hours after the process respectively. All photograph s were taken at the same illuminating conditions and photographic parameters wer e analyzed with Photoshop7.0 software. Results:10.5 h after trea tment in the 75 g/L gel group L *, a * and b * values on the teeth surface were in creased(+) or decreased(-) by +4.5,-1.4 and -0.5,those on the inner sections 2.7 ,-1.0 and -0.8,respectively. 30 min after treatment in the 350 g/L gel group L *, a * and b * values on the teeth surfaces were increased(+) or decreased (-) by +1.9,-0.6 and 0,those on the inner sections +0.4,-0.4 and -0.6,respectively. Conclusion:Effective bleaching effect may be obtained in 10~30 min b y 75 g/L or 350 g/L hydrogen peroxide gel on teeth surface and in inner dentin. 75 g/L hydrogen peroxide bleaching gel may produce more reliable and save effect than 350 g/L.
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0.05).There was significant difference at 6 h,24 h and 1 week(P