ABSTRACT
DM is emerging as epidemic throughout the country in recent years. DM has been proved as potential threat for the visual impairment in India predominantly in rural population. Therefore, present study was designed to assess that prevalence of diabetic retinopathy among self reported DM patients in South India. Methods: The present study included 1990 randomly selected subjects of 50 years and above age group. Out of these subjects 100 participants gave a history of diabetes mellitus (DM). Assessment for diabetic retinopathy was independent of blood sugar levels in our study and based on a self reported history of diabetes. We elicited a history of current use of insulin to control diabetes. A modified classification of diabetic retinopathy based on the retinopathy levels used by Klein et al was used in our study. The presence of clinically significant macular oedema (CSMO) was assessed using indirect and direct ophthalmoscopy. Results: Results of the current study revealed that there was 27% prevalence of diabetic retinopathy among the self reported diabetic patients. Further, an increase prevalence of diabetic retinopathy with advance age was recorded in our study. However, this increase with age was statistically insignificant (p = >0.05). Similarly, there was an insignificant relation between sex and prevalence of diabetic retinopathy (p = >0.05). Conclusion: Findings of the present study suggest that there is remarkable prevalence of diabetes in population of South India. Further, prevalence of diabetic retinopathy was still more in self reported DM patients. This untreated diabetic retinopathy may leads to various degree of visual impairment in self reported DM patients. However, sustaining strict glycaemic control and regular ophthalmic examination help in preventing incidence of blindness in diabetic retinopathy patients.
ABSTRACT
Background: Central serous chorioretinopathy (CSCR) is a sporadic disorder of the outer blood retinal barrier. Increasing evidence implicates an abnormal choroidal circulation as the cause of CSCR. The study aimed at the visual outcome of central serous retinopathy for a duration of 6 months from the primary attack. Methods: Study conducted at Department of Ophthalmology in Out Patient Department of Mediciti Medical College Hospital, from June 2013 to December 2014. Total 30 patients’ eyes were treated with placebo treatment with antioxidants for a period of 6 months. Results: Highest prevalence of central serous retinopathy was seen in age group of 20-40 years in 26 eyes (85%), males are predominant i.e. out of 30 patients 27 (90%), risk factors of central serous retinopathy like Type A personality are observed in 3. Associated visual abnormalities like micropsia, central scotomas in 20% of patients, fluorescein angiography showed 60% inkblot pattern. After observation for 6 months visual acuity was spontaneously improved within 4-6 months in 70% of patients, recurrences was seen in 6 patients i.e. 20% is observed. Conclusions: Central serous retinopathy is most commonly seen among 20-40 years age group, with male predominance, unilateral in which Spontaneous resolution of central serous retinopathy is seen in 4-6 months so for which aggressive treatment is not necessary.