ABSTRACT
Background: Human skeleton is an excellent source for genetic, anthropological and forensic investigations.Pelvic bones are very important for sex determination, followed by skull & the long bones. Various parametersand indices are available based on which the sex can be determined using sacrum. These parameters and indicesvary region wise also. The sacrum has always attracted the attention of the medico-legal experts for establishingits gender, because of its contribution to pelvic girdle and associated functional gender differences. In presentstudy the sacral index in Eastern Rajasthan population is calculated and compared with the study done earlierin Western Rajasthan & North Indian Population.Objective: To study the Sacral Index in the population of Eastern Rajasthan, so that it can be compared with otherstudies on populations of Western Rajasthan & other regions of North India.Materials and Methods: Study was carried out in Department of Anatomy, Jaipur National University IMSRC,Jaipur, Rajasthan. Adult, dry sacra were collected randomly from Anatomy department of different Medicalcolleges of Eastern Rajasthan, with the kind permission of the concerned department. 87 sacra were classifiedinto 48 male and 39 female bones by observing the parameters like – Maximum length of sacrum, Maximumwidth of sacrum and Sacral index.Results: In this present study Mean of sacral index in Males was 104.39 and that for Females was 121.02. Meanvalue of Sacral Index in females was significantly higher than in males. Difference between male and femalemean was statistically highly significant.Conclusion: It was found after comparison that sacral index is more in females than males in different populations.The comparative analysis with other races showed a clear racial difference for the sacral index. Hence it is areliable and significant criteria for sex determination of sacrum
ABSTRACT
Background: Ossification of carpal bones forms the most significant aspect of development in clinical sciences and in medical jurisprudence. Important factors influencing the process of ossification include age, sex, heredity, the state of nourishment and particular geographical region may not be exactly similar to that in another area. The main purpose of this study is to evaluate the average age of appearance of the ossification centre of Indian population in comparison with western data. Materials & Methods: Present work was performed in 200 healthy individual of both sexes of which date of birth proof was present . X-ray of carpal bones were taken for presence or absence of centre of ossification of the individual carpal bones. Results: In the present study 102(51%)males and 98 (49%) females were taken who had accurate birth certificate indicating their age from < 6 month to 12 year. Variation in the appearance of centre of ossification in carpal bones shows influence of race, climate, nutritional, and geographical factors. Conclusion: Ossification of carpal bones in the population of North India occur 1-2 year later then Europeans and appearance of the ossification centre is earlier in females than males .