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@#Objective To explore the clinical effect of hemoperfusion (HP) in cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) on postoperative inflammation in patients with acute type A aortic dissection (AAD). Methods Adult patients with AAD who planned to undergo total aortic arch replacement from July 2020 to November 2021 were continuously enrolled in our heart center. Patients were randomly divided into a HP group and a control (C) group. The HP group was treated with disposable HP device (Model: HA380, Zhuhai Jafron Biomedical, China) in CPB during the operation. Results Finally, 70 patients were included with 59 males and 11 females at an age range of 21-67 years. There were 35 patients in both groups. In this study, 3 patients died within 3 days after surgery, 2 in the HP group and 1 in the C group, and the remaining 67 patients survived to the follow-up end point (30 days after surgery). There was no statistical difference in preoperative baseline data, operative method, CPB time, block time, or other intraoperative data between the two groups. Blood product dosage, intubation time, hospital stays, and hospitalization expenses were similar between the two groups. Intraoperative hemoglobin (82.70±2.31 g/L vs. 82.50±1.75 g/L, P=0.954] and platelet concentration [(77.87±7.99)×109/L vs.(89.17±9.99)×109/L, P=0.384] were not statistically different between the HP group and C group. In the HP group, postoperative (ICU-12 h) interleukin-6 (IL-6) [338.14 (128.00, 450.70) pg/mL vs. 435.75 (180.50, 537.00) pg/mL, P=0.373], IL-8 [35.04 (18.02, 40.35) pg/mL vs. 43.50 (17.70, 59.95) pg/mL, P=0.383], and IL-10 [21.19 (6.46, 23.50) pg/mL vs. 43.41 (6.34, 50.80) pg/mL, P=0.537] were slightly lower than those in the C group, and the difference was not statistically different. The incidences of pulmonary infection (0.00% vs. 11.76%, P=0.042) and liver injury (2.94% vs. 20.58%, P=0.027) in the HP group were significantly lower than those in the C group, and the incidence of other postoperative complications, such as arrhythmia, nervous system complications and urinary system complications, showed no statistical difference between the two groups. Conclusion HP therapy in CPB is safe, but its effect on reducing postoperative inflammatory factors, postoperative inflammatory reactions and postoperative complications in the patients with AAD is limited, and it may be of application value to some high-risk patients with lung and liver injury.
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OBJECTIVES@#To study the expression levels of CD4+NKG2D+ T cells and NKG2D soluble ligands, the soluble MHC class I chain-related molecules A and B (sMICA/sMICB) in the active stage and stable stage of juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) and their role in the disease activity of JIA.@*METHODS@#Nineteen children with systemic JIA and 20 children with articular JIA who were diagnosed in Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University from November 2019 to December 2021 were enrolled in this prospective study. Six healthy children were enrolled as the control group. After peripheral blood samples were collected, ELISA was used to measure the levels of sMICA and sMICB, and flow cytometry was used to measure the percentage of CD4+NKG2D+ T cells. Systemic Juvenile Arthritis Disease Activity Score-27 (sJADAS-27)/Juvenile Arthritis Disease Activity Score-27 (JADAS-27) was used to evaluate the disease activity in children with JIA. The Pearson correlation analysis and the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve were used to assess the role of CD4+NKG2D+ T cells, sMICA and sMICB in the disease activity of JIA.@*RESULTS@#The active systemic JIA and active articular JIA groups had a significant increase in the percentage of CD4+NKG2D+ T cells compared with the control group and their corresponding inactive JIA group (P<0.05). The JIA groups had significantly higher levels of sMICA and sMICB than the control group (P<0.05), and the active articular JIA group had a significantly higher level of sMICB than the stable articular JIA group (P<0.05). In the children with JIA, the percentage of CD4+NKG2D+ T cells and the levels of sMICA and sMICB were positively correlated with sJADAS-27/JADAS-27 disease activity scores (P<0.05). The ROC curve analysis showed that sMICB had an area under the curve of 0.755 in evaluating the disease activity of JIA, with a specificity of 0.90 and a sensitivity of 0.64.@*CONCLUSIONS@#The percentage of CD4+NKG2D+ T cells and the levels of sMICA and sMICB increase in children with JIA compared with healthy children and are positively correlated with the disease activity of JIA, suggesting that CD4+NKG2D+ T cells and NKG2D ligands can be used as potential biomarkers for evaluating the disease activity of JIA.
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Child , Humans , Arthritis, Juvenile/pathology , Ligands , NK Cell Lectin-Like Receptor Subfamily K , Prospective Studies , T-Lymphocytes/pathologyABSTRACT
With the remarkable achievements made in the treatment targeted at tumor immune checkpoints, more and more new immunotherapy drugs have been applied to the malignancies treatment. Camrelizumab (AiRuiKa) is a novel human immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4) monoclonal antibody (mAb), which can target the programmed death 1 (PD-1) and block its binding to the programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1), so as to restore the body's immune function and achieve anti-tumor effect. The drug was officially approved by National Medical Products Administration (NMPA) on May 29, 2019 for use in patients with recurrent or refractory classical Hodgkin's lymphoma (cHL) who are treated with at least second-line systemic therapy. In addition, the drug showed good anti-tumor activity in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), and gastric cancer (GC) and gastroesophageal junction cancer (EGJC). The research progress of camrelizumab on mechanism of action, pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics, clinical studies, adverse reactions etc. were reviewed in present paper.
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Objective To analyze the clinical and laboratory characteristics,treatment,and outcomes of Ka-wasaki disease (KD)patients associated with macrophage activation syndrome (MAS)(KD - MAS)and to compare three diagnostic standards. Methods Twelve cases of KD - MAS were reviewed retrospectively,who had been treated and therapied at the Children′s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University from September 2007 to September 2017. The clinical data were analyzed. And,the efficacy of different MAS diagnostic criteria for KD - MAS was evaluated. Results The subjects included 8 males and 4 females,with a median age of 25 months. The capital trigger of MAS was infection(8 cases,66. 7％). Unabating high fever had been the initial manifestation for 12 patients(100％),other com-mon clinical features including hepatomegaly(11 cases,91. 6％),splenomegaly(8 cases,66. 7％)and lymphadenectasis (7 cases,58. 3％). Besides,8 patients (66. 7％)had different degrees of central nervous system symptoms. Laboratory examination showed a decrease in hemoglobin (11 cases,91. 6％),in thrombocytopenia (8 cases,66. 7％),and white blood cells (4 cases,33. 3％);while there was an increase were found in serum transaminase (11 cases,91. 6％), triglyceride(72. 7％,8 / 11 cases)and serum ferritin (100％,9 / 9 cases). Eleven patients (91. 6％)had decreased erythrocyte sedimentation rates (ESR). Bone marrow cytology was performed in 10 cases,and 8 cases of them showed hemophagocytic phenomenon. All the patients were diagnosed by SoJIA - MAS(2005)criteria. All patients were treated with high - dose intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG)treatment,among whom 3 cases were combined with methylpred-nisolone treatment,and 2 cases received with more than 2 kinds of immunosuppressive drugs (Dexamethasone and Ciclosporin or Etoposide). Among the 12 patients,2 patients lost to follow - up,4 cases(33. 3％)died due to hepatic encephalopathy,including 2 cases who withdrawn treatment the remaining 6 cases (50. 0％)improved. Conclusions Prolonged high fever is the first manifestation of MAS in KD. Hemogram and ESR will decrease,elevated serum transaminase and ferritin may increase,which indicates MAS occurrence. If a high dose of IVIG therapy does not work,the combination of glucocorticoid and immunosuppressive for therapy may improve the remission rate. Severe cen-tral nervous system involvement may indicate a terrible prognosis. SoJIA - MAS (2005)can diagnose earliler by using preliminary diagnostic guidelines for macrophage activation system complicating systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>Established with amphotericin B perforated patch-clamp technique, to study the electrophysiological properties of calyx synapses.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>In the present experiments, we studied the application of perforated patch clamp technique on the calyx synapses of mice with Amphotericin B.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The use of Amphotericin B significantly slowed down the decay of channel currents and the optimum concentration was 400 microg/ml.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The syudy developed a stable of perforated patch clamp whole cell recording technique, could be more effecitve, more real reaction neurons electrophysiological characteristics of the channel current. Our work might provide the basic information to future users studying the signal transmission and regulation of auditory system of rodents.</p>
Subject(s)
Animals , Mice , Amphotericin B , Pharmacology , Neurons , Patch-Clamp TechniquesABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the protective effect of hydrogen against hyperoxia-induced oxidative stress injury in premature rat type II alveolar epithelial cells (AECs).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The type II AECs isolated from premature rats were randomly divided into air (21% oxygen) control group, hyperoxia (95% oxygen) control group, air + hydrogen group, and hyperoxia+ hydrogen group. The cells with hydrogen treatment were cultured in the presence of rich hydrogen. After the corresponding exposure for 24 h, the cell morphology was observed microscopically. MTT assay was used to evaluated the cell proliferation ability, and JC-1 fluorescence probe was used to detect the mitochondrial membrane potential (δφ) changes of the type II AECs. The concentration of maleic dialdehyde (MDA) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in the cell supernatant were detected using colorimetric method.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>No significant differences were found in cell growth or measurements between air control and air + hydrogen groups. Compared with air control group, the cells exposed to hyperoxia showed significantly suppressed proliferation, reduced mitochondrial membrane potential, increased MDA content, and decreased SOD activity. Intervention with hydrogen resulted in significantly increased cell proliferation and SOD activity and lowered MDA content, and restored the mitochondrial membrane potential in the cells with hyperoxia exposure (P<0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Hydrogen can significantly reduce hyperoxia-induced oxidative stress injury in premature rat type II AECs, improve the cellular antioxidant capacity, stabilize the mitochondrial membrane potential, and reduce the inhibitory effect of hyperoxia on cell proliferation.</p>