ABSTRACT
Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) has proved to be an effective method of treating upper urinary tract calculi in adults. But the application of ESWL in children was less clearly defined. We report on 28 pediatric patients who were treated by ESWL with the Northgate SD-3 lithotriptor between June, 1989 and May, 1994. The patient age ranged from 2 years to 17 years, with an average age of 11.1 years. The conditions known to be associated with stone formation were urinary tract infection in 6 patients (21.4%), vesicoureteral reflux in 1 patient (3.6%) and unknown in other patients. The total average success rate of treatment was 92.9%. ESWL complications required admission and surgical management were not observed. We concluded that ESWL with the Northgate SD-3 lithotriptor is a safe and effective method of treating upper urinary tract calculi in children.
Subject(s)
Adult , Child , Humans , Calculi , Lithotripsy , Shock , Urinary Tract , Urinary Tract Infections , Vesico-Ureteral RefluxABSTRACT
Under the specific circumstances the appendix may be an appropriate organ for plastic repair of a large ureteral defect. We report a case of antireflux surgery using an appendiceal pedicle graft in recurrent right vesicoureteral reflux after augmentation gastrocystoplasty and uretera1 reimplantation. This graft was successfully replaced the right lower ureter to repair long defect caused by postoperative adhesion and follow up urogram showed disappearance of reflux and improvement of hydronephrosis at three months postoperatively.