ABSTRACT
Cariogenicity of five commonly consumed carbonated beverage and sugar containing drinks (Frooti, sugarcane juice, Limca, Thumps up and Big Sipp) was evaluated by estimating changes in pH of human dental plaque and saliva in 2 groups of subjects (20 each) differing in caries experience (Group A DMFT zero; Group B DMFT 3-5). In group A subjects, pH of plaque did not fall to levels near critical pH (5.5) with any of the test drinks or control. However, in group B children the salivary pH did fall below critical levels in the case of Frooti while salivary pH fell below critical pH with Frooti and Thums up.
Subject(s)
Adolescent , Analysis of Variance , Beverages , Buffers , Cariogenic Agents , Child , Dental Plaque/chemistry , Humans , Hydrogen-Ion Concentration , Saliva/chemistry , Secretory Rate , Sucrose/metabolismABSTRACT
Dental casts, wrist roentgenograms and full mouth radiographs of teeth of 80 mal-nourished and 40 well-nourished children were evaluated and compared for correlation of dental, skeletal and chronological ages. The findings revealed (1) very high correlation between dental and skeletal ages (r = 0.9584); (2) high correlation of chronological age with dental and skeletal ages (r = 0.8635 and r = 0.8716); (3) out of all the three correlations considered, dental and skeletal ages had the maximum correlation; (4) malnutrition had a significant adverse effect on the skeletal and dental ages. Greater the severity of malnutrition, more pronounced was its effect on the dental and skeletal ages; and (5) no evidence of severity of malocclusion with retarded skeletal and dental ages.
Subject(s)
Adolescent , Body Weight , Bone Development , Carpal Bones/growth & development , Child , Child Nutrition Disorders/physiopathology , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Male , Malocclusion , Maxillofacial DevelopmentABSTRACT
A roentgenographic cephalometric investigation to establish Steiner's norms in pre-school children was carried out on 60, 4-5-year-old North Indian children with complete normal established primary dentition and pleasing profiles. The North Indian children were found to possess a convex profile, steeper occlusal plane, steeper mandibular plane and more upright incisors over basal bone at 4-5 years of age as compared to that of Caucasian children. None of the measurements showed sexual dimorphism of any statistical significance. The Steiner's norms from a sample of Caucasian population are not as such applicable to North Indian pre-school children.