ABSTRACT
Background: Traditional method of learning via face to face lecture has been in curriculum since timesimmemorial. E-learning via multimedia has been a recent introduction in education system. Purpose: Tocompare e-learning with the traditional method of teaching in medical education. Material and Methods: Thetwo different methods of teaching were applied on the same group of students. A total of six lectures wereconducted. Three of them were taught by traditional method of teaching and three by e-leaning. Formativeassessment in the form of written examination was carried out, followed by qualitative assessment at the endof session. Results: The mean marks obtained after Exam-1 (i.e. following traditional teaching method) was6.46 ± 1.48 and mean marks obtained after Exam-2 (i.e. following e-learning) was 8.37 ± 1.27. The meandifference score was 1.91 ± 1.55. The paired t-test was applied, and the value of t was 11.96 with p-value<0.001. The results between two teaching methods were statistically significant. For qualitative analysisLikert scale was used. 66% of students strongly agreed that e-learning is a superior method than traditionalmethod of learning. Conclusion: The e-learning proved to be more efficient and uniform method of studentlearning with revision facilities.
ABSTRACT
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the perception toward ocular health and assessment of visual acuityamong adults aged >30 years, living in a rural area of Jammu.Materials and Methods: The population-based study is based on the vision screening camp which was conducted at PanchayatGhar of village Dhanu, Keri Zone, Block Kot Bhalwal. The study instrument consisted of sociodemographic data and pre-testedstructured questionnaire. Eye examinations included vision testing using Snellen chart and Jaeger chart, and fundus examinationusing ophthalmoscope performed by ophthalmologists and optometrists.Results: Among 139 participants who attended the screening camp, 76.97% (107 participants) reported trouble seeing nearobjects, whereas only 65.46% (91 participants) reported trouble seeing far objects. However, 85% (119 participants) and74.1% (103 participants) had impaired near vision and far vision, respectively. All participants reported consulting a doctor foreye-related problems. Fifty-three patients reported that they never got any eye checkups before. As such, cases of cataract(n = 21), glaucoma (n = 5), hypertensive retinopathy (n = 6), pterygium (n = 3), and diabetic retinopathy (n = 2) patients weredetected during this screening.Conclusion: The prevalence of visual impairment (VI) was quite high. Refractive error and cataract were the major cause ofvision impairment. Screening the adult population of 30 years and above providing them with proper lens and timely referralcan help in reducing VI and further improving their quality of life.
ABSTRACT
Purpose: The purpose of this study is to evaluate and compare the effectiveness of conjunctival autograft transplantation andamniotic membrane graft transplantation in pterygium surgery.Materials and Methods: This was a randomized, parallel group, Single-center study included 60 patients. 30 patients ofwhich underwent pterygium excision followed by Conjunctival autograft transplantation. The other 30 patients also underwentpterygium excision with amniotic membrane graft transplantation. Follow-up was done for 6 months to evaluate the post-operativecomplaints, graft integrity, and complications associated with each procedure.Results: Post-operative discomfort and watering were less in amniotic membrane graft group (P = 0.13%). Further, in amnioticmembrane group, there was less transient graft edema (P = 0.22) and conjunctival hyperemia (P = 0.004). However, graft losswas more (P = 0.33) and so was the conjunctival granuloma formation (P = 0.45) in the amniotic membrane group.Conclusion: Amniotic membrane graft is as effective and safe as conjunctival autograft with no major complications.