Effectiveness of anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction with personalized femoral locator based on apex of deep cartilage / 中国修复重建外科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the effectiveness of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction assisted by personalized femoral locator based on the apex of deep cartilage (ADC) combined with patient imaging data.@*METHODS@#Between January 2021 and January 2022, a total of 40 patients with primary ACL rupture were selected and randomly divided into study group (ACL reconstruction assisted by personalized femoral locator based on ADC) and control group (ACL reconstruction assisted by intraoperative fluoroscopy and traditional femoral locator), with 20 cases in each group. There was no significant difference in gender, age, body mass index, affected side, cause of injury, and preoperative International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) score, Lyshlom score, and Tegner score between the two groups ( P>0.05). IKDC score, Lyshlom score, and Tegner score were used to evaluate the functional recovery of the affected knee before operation and at 3, 6, and 12 months after operation. CT scan and three-dimensional reconstruction were performed before and after operation to measure the horizontal distance from ADC to the anterior cartilage margin (L) and the horizontal distance from ADC to the center of the femoral canal (I), and the anteroposterior position of the bone canal (R) was calculated by I/L; the distance from the center to the distal cartilage margin (D) was measured on the two-dimensional cross section; the R value and D value were compared between the two groups.@*RESULTS@#The operation time of the study group was significantly less than that of the control group [ MD=-6.90 (-8.78, -5.03), P<0.001]. The incisions of the two groups healed by first intention, and no complication such as intra-articular infection, nerve injury, and deep vein thrombosis of lower limbs occurred. There was no significant difference in the R value and D value between the preoperative simulated positioning and the actual intraoperative positioning in the study group [ MD=0.52 (-2.85, 3.88), P=0.758; MD=0.36 (-0.39, 1.11), P=0.351]. There was no significant difference in the actual intraoperative positioning R value and D value between the study group and the control group [ MD=1.01 (-2.57, 4.58), P=0.573; MD=0.24 (-0.34, 0.82), P=0.411]. The patients in both groups were followed up 12-13 months (mean, 12.4 months). The IKDC score, Lysholm score, and Tegner score of the two groups increased gradually with time, and there were significant differences between pre- and post-operation ( P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the scores between the two groups at each time point after operation ( P>0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#The personalized femoral locator based on ADC can accurately assist the femoral tunnel positioning in ACL reconstruction, which can shorten the operation time when compared with traditional surgical methods, and achieve satisfactory early effectiveness.

Three-dimensional kinematic analysis of knee joint after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction with personalized femoral positioner based on apex of deep cartilage / 中国修复重建外科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the changes of knee joint kinematics after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction assisted by personalized femoral positioner based on the apex of deep cartilage (ADC).@*METHODS@#Between January 2021 and January 2022, a total of 40 patients with initial ACL rupture who met the selection criteria were randomly divided into the study group (using the personalized femoral positioner based on ADC design to assist ACL reconstruction) and the control group (not using the personalized femoral positioner to assist ACL reconstruction), with 20 patients in each group. Another 20 volunteers with normal knee were collected as a healthy group. There was no significant difference in gender, age, body mass index, and affected side between groups ( P>0.05). Gait analysis was performed at 3, 6, and 12 months after operation using Opti _ Knee three-dimensional knee joint motion measurement and analysis system, and the 6 degrees of freedom (flexion and extension angle, varus and valgus angle, internal and external rotation angle, anteroposterior displacement, superior and inferior displacement, internal and external displacement) and motion cycle (maximum step length, minimum step length, and step frequency) of the knee joint were recorded. The patients' data was compared to the data of healthy group.@*RESULTS@#In the healthy group, the flexion and extension angle was (57.80±3.45)°, the varus and valgus angle was (10.54±1.05)°, the internal and external rotation angle was (13.02±1.66)°, and the anteroposterior displacement was (1.44±0.39) cm, the superior and inferior displacement was (0.86±0.20) cm, and the internal and external displacement was (1.38±0.39) cm. The maximum step length was (51.24±1.29) cm, the minimum step length was (45.69±2.28) cm, and the step frequency was (12.45±0.47) step/minute. Compared with the healthy group, the flexion and extension angles and internal and external rotation angles of the patients in the study group and the control group decreased at 3 months after operation, and the flexion and extension angles of the patients in the control group decreased at 6 months after operation, and the differences were significant ( P<0.05); there was no significant difference in the other time points and other indicators when compared with healthy group ( P>0.05). In the study group, the flexion and extension angles and internal and external rotation angles at 6 and 12 months after operation were significantly greater than those at 3 months after operation ( P<0.05), while there was no significant difference in the other indicators at other time points ( P>0.05). There was a significant difference in flexion and extension angle between the study group and the control group at 6 months after operation ( P<0.05), but there was no significant difference of the indicators between the two groups at other time points ( P>0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#Compared with conventional surgery, ACL reconstruction assisted by personalized femoral positioner based on ADC design can help patients achieve more satisfactory early postoperative kinematic results, and three-dimensional kinematic analysis can more objectively and dynamically evaluate the postoperative recovery of knee joint.

Natural history and risk factors of IgE-mediated cow's milk protein allergy in infants / 中华儿科杂志

Objective: To investigate the natural history and risk factors for continued allergy in infants with IgE-mediated cow's milk protein allergy (CMPA). Methods: This was a prospective cohort study that included 72 infants under 24 months of age diagnosed with IgE-mediated CMPA in the allergy clinic of the Children's Hospital, Capital Institute of Pediatrics from October 2019 to November 2020. General information, clinical manifestations, serum total IgE, cow's milk specific IgE, and cow's milk protein component specific IgE were collected. Follow-ups were conducted at 24 and 36 months of age, and the patients were divided into the persistent allergy group and the tolerance group based on whether they developed cow's milk tolerance at 36 months of age. Mann-Whitney U test, chi-square test, and binary Logistic regression were used for intergroup comparison and multivariate analysis. Results: Among the 72 CMPA children, there were 42 boys and 30 girls, with an age of 10 (7, 15) months at enrollment. Cow's milk protein tolerance was observed in 32 cases (44%) and 46 cases (64%) at 24 and 36 months of age, respectively. There were 26 cases in the persistent allergy group and 46 cases in the tolerance group. The proportion of respiratory symptoms, history of wheezing, positive specific IgE for α-lactalbumin and the total IgE level in the persistent allergy group were higher than that in the tolerance group (7 cases (27%) vs. 0, 6 cases (23%) vs. 2 cases (4%), 67% (14/21) vs. 26% (10/39), 225 (151, 616) vs. 48 (21, 185) kU/L, χ2=10.82, 4.16, 9.57, Z=4.07, all P<0.05). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that anaphylaxis (OR=21.14, 95%CI 2.55-175.14, P=0.005), a history of allergic rhinitis (OR=5.94, 95%CI 1.54-22.86, P=0.005), elevated milk specific IgE (OR=1.04, 95%CI 1.01-1.08, P=0.024), and positive casein specific IgE (OR=6.64, 95%CI 1.39-31.69, P=0.018) were risk factors for continuous CMPA. Conclusions: Most infants with IgE-mediated CMPA can achieve tolerance within 3 years. Anaphylaxis, a history of allergic rhinitis, elevated milk specific IgE levels, and casein sensitization are risk factors for continuous allergy.

METTL14 is a chromatin regulator independent of its RNA N6-methyladenosine methyltransferase activity

METTL3 and METTL14 are two components that form the core heterodimer of the main RNA m6A methyltransferase complex (MTC) that installs m6A. Surprisingly, depletion of METTL3 or METTL14 displayed distinct effects on stemness maintenance of mouse embryonic stem cell (mESC). While comparable global hypo-methylation in RNA m6A was observed in Mettl3 or Mettl14 knockout mESCs, respectively. Mettl14 knockout led to a globally decreased nascent RNA synthesis, whereas Mettl3 depletion resulted in transcription upregulation, suggesting that METTL14 might possess an m6A-independent role in gene regulation. We found that METTL14 colocalizes with the repressive H3K27me3 modification. Mechanistically, METTL14, but not METTL3, binds H3K27me3 and recruits KDM6B to induce H3K27me3 demethylation independent of METTL3. Depletion of METTL14 thus led to a global increase in H3K27me3 level along with a global gene suppression. The effects of METTL14 on regulation of H3K27me3 is essential for the transition from self-renewal to differentiation of mESCs. This work reveals a regulatory mechanism on heterochromatin by METTL14 in a manner distinct from METTL3 and independently of m6A, and critically impacts transcriptional regulation, stemness maintenance, and differentiation of mESCs.

Research advances in chest tightness variant asthma / 中华预防医学杂志

Chest tightness variant asthma (CTVA) is a special type of asthma with chest tightness as the only or main symptom. Due to the lack of typical asthma symptoms such as coughing, wheezing, shortness of breath, and positive signs in chest, it is easy to be missed or misdiagnosed in clinical practice. The onset of chest tightness variant asthma is insidious, and there is few research and attention both domestic and international, so there is no unified diagnosis and treatment standard especially in childhood asthma. This article expounds the related research advances in chest tightness variant asthma, in order to increase clinical attention and provide reference and basis for the prevention of the disease as well as the formulation of diagnosis and treatment strategies.

Clinical characteristics of IgE-mediated cow's milk protein allergy in children / 中华儿科杂志

Objective: To analyze the clinical features of IgE-mediated cow's milk protein allergy (CMPA) in children aged 0-5 years. Methods: This cross-sectional study collected the data on children diagnosed with CMPA in the Department of Allergy at the Children's Hospital of the Capital Institute of Pediatrics from October 2019 to November 2020 and improved peripheral blood routine,total IgE defection, milk specific IgE (sIgE) defection,SPT and milk component defection,diagnosis of severe anaphylaxis based on clinical manifestations. Rank-sum test and chi-square test are used for statistical analysis of clinical characteristics between groups. Results: A total of 106 children (67 boys and 39 girls) were enrolled with the age of 15 (8, 34) months, including 42 cases (≤ 1 year of age), 39 cases (>1-<3 years of age) and 25 cases(≥3 years of age), the onset age of 6 (5, 8) months. Among them, 95 cases (89.6%) were reacted after consuming milk or its products, 42 cases (39.6%) had reaction due to skin contact and 11 cases (10.4%) reacted after exclusive breastfeeding. The onset time of milk product consumption was 45 (1, 120) min, skin contact pathway was 10 (5, 30) min and symptoms in breastfeeding pathway was 121 (61, 180) min. There was statistical difference among the time of symptoms (χ2=77.01, P<0.001).The cutaneous reaction was most common (100 cases, 94.3%), followed by digestive (20 cases, 18.9%) and respiratory (16 cases, 15.1%), and the nervous symptoms (1 case, 0.9%) were uncommon and 24 cases (22.6%) had at least one episode of anaphylaxis. There were 87 cases (82.1%) also diagnosed with other food allergies, 94 cases (88.7%) with previous eczema, 57 cases (53.8%) with history of rhinitis, and 23 cases (21.7%) with history of wheezing. The total IgE level was 191.01 (64.71, 506.80) kU/L, and the cow's milk sIgE level was 3.03 (1.11, 15.24) kU/L. The maximum diameter of the wheal in SPT was 8.2 (4.0, 12.0) mm. Component resolved diagnosis showed that 77 cases (81.9%) were sensitized to at least one out of 4 main components, including casein, α lactalbumin, β lactoglobulin and bovine serum albumin.The possibility of anaphylaxis in children with milk sIgE grade Ⅳ-Ⅵ was higher than that in children with grade 0-Ⅲ (57.7% (15/26) vs. 12.5% (10/80), OR=9.545, 95%CI 3.435-26.523). Children with milk SPT ≥+++ had a higher probability of anaphylaxis than those with milk SPT ≤++ (34.4% (11/32) vs. 11.5% (3/26), OR=4.016, 95%CI 0.983-16.400). Anaphylaxis were more common in α lactalbumin positive children than in negative children (34.3% (13/38) vs. 14.2% (8/56), χ2=1.23，P=0.042). Conclusions: CMPA in children has early onset and diversified clinical manifestations, which are mainly cutaneous symptoms. Most children are sensitized to at least one allergen component. Serum sIgE level, SPT reaction and allergen components play important roles in the diagnosis and evaluation of CMPA, and higher milk sIgE level may predict a higher risk of anaphylaxis.

Apoptosis of small cell lung cancer cells H1688 and H446 induced by nitidine chloride through PI3K/Akt/Bcl-2/caspase-3/PARP pathway / 中国药理学通报

Aim To explore the apoptosis of small eell lung eancer ( SCLC ) eells HI688 and H446 induced by nitidine chloride and its possible mechanism.Methods The effect of nitidine chloride or cisplatin ( DDP ) on the activity of SCLC cells was detected by j J MTT method; the morphological changes of cells trea¬ted with nitidine chloride or DDP were observed by in- verted fluorescence microscope and HE staining; the effect of nitidine chloride or DDP on apoptosis was de¬tected by flow cytometry; the effect of apoptosis inhibi¬tor Z-VAD-FMK on apoptosis induced by nitidine chlo¬ride or DDP was detected by MTT method.The expres¬sions of Bax , Bcl-2, caspase-3 , PARP, p-PI3K and p- Akt in the cells treated with nitidine chloride or DDP were detected by Western blot.Results MTT results showed that the viability of SCLC cells was significantly reduced after 48 hours of treatment with nitidine chlo¬ ride; compared with DDP, nitidine chloride could in¬hibit SCLC cells with less IC50; inverted fluorescence microscope and HE staining showed that nitidine chlo¬ride could induce apoptosis in SCLC cells, similar to DDP; flow cytometry showed that nitidine chloride J J could induce apoptosis in SCLC cells.The results of MTT assay showed that the inhibitory effect of nitidine chloride on apoptosis of SCLC cells could be partially antagonized by apoptosis inhibitor Z-VAD-FMK.West¬ern blot results showed that, similar to DDP, nitidine chloride could inhibit the expression of PI3K and Akt, increase Bax, inhibit Be 1-2, and promote the cleavage of caspase-3 and PAH P.Conclusion Nitidine chlo¬ride can induce apoptosis of SCLC cells by inhibiting the activation of P13K and Akt.

Research progresses on correlation between connexin subcellular distribution and tumorigenesis and development / 中国药理学通报

Connexin (Cx), a multigene-encoded transmembrane protein family, forms either gap junctions ( GJ) or hemichannels (HC) to mediate intercellular communication in plasma mem¬brane between adjacent cells or interacts with proteins by its car- boxyl terminal in the cytoplasm to participate in the process of tumor cell proliferation, apoptosis, necrosis, invasion, metasta¬sis, drug resistance and stem cell characteristics.However, mi- slocalization of Cx in cytoplasm or nucleus often occurs in many tumors, and involved in the occurrence and development of tumors.Subcellular localization of Cx is affected by post-transla- tional modifications, including phosphorylation, ubiquitination, and acetylation.In this paper the classification and function of Cx, the relationship between subcellular localization of Cx and tumorigenesis and the regulation of post-translational modifica¬tion on Cx are reviewed in order to provide new ideas for the study of Cx as a potential target for cancer therapy.

Modulatory Potential of LncRNA Zfas1for Inflammation and Neuronal Apoptosis in Temporal Lobe Epilepsy

Purpose@#This study aimed to elucidate whether lncRNA ZFAS1 is involved in neuronal apoptosis and inflammation in temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE). @*Materials and Methods@#Ninety-six TLE patients were recruited, and their peripheral venous blood was gathered to determine Zfas1 expression with polymerase chain reaction. Neurons were separated from hippocampal tissue of newborn SD rats, and siZfas1 or pcDNA3.1-Zfas1 was transfected into the neurons. Inflammatory cytokines released by neurons were determined, and neuronal activities were evaluated through MTT assay, colony formation assay, and flow cytometry. @*Results@#Serum levels of Zfas1 were higher in TLE patients than in healthy controls (p<0.05). Furthermore, Zfas1 expression in neurons was raised by pcDNA3.1-Zfas1 and declined after silencing of Zfas1 (p<0.05). Transfection of pcDNA-Zfas1 weakened the viability and proliferation of neurons and increased neuronal apoptosis (p<0.05). Meanwhile, pcDNA3.1-Zfas1 transfection promoted lipopolysaccharide-induced release of cytokines, including tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin (IL)-1, IL-6, and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (p<0.05), and boosted NF-κB activation by elevating the expression of NF-κB p65, pIκBα, and IKKβ in neurons (p<0.05). @*Conclusion@#Our results indicated that lncRNA ZFAS1 exacerbates epilepsy development by promoting neuronal apoptosis and inflammation, implying ZFAS1 as a promising treatment target for epilepsy.

Analysis of factors responsible for residual rectal neuroendocrine tumor at the margins following endoscopic resection in middle-aged and elderly patients / 中华老年医学杂志

Objective:To examine the factors related to residual rectal neuroendocrine tumor at the margins after endoscopic resection.Methods:A retrospective case control study was conducted.From January 1, 2013 to March 31, 2018, data on 81 middle-aged and elderly patients with rectal neuroendocrine tumor aged ≥45 years who underwent endoscopic resection at the Endoscopic Center of the First Hospital of Jilin University were retrospectively collected.Based on whether residual tumor existed on histopathological examination, they were divided into the residual group(n=22)and the non-residual group(n=59). The causes of residual rectal neuroendocrine tumor at the margins after endoscopic resection were analyzed.Results:The diameters of lesions in 81 patients with rectal neuroendocrine tumors ranged between 0.3-1.5(0.73±0.33)cm.Postoperative histopathological examination revealed that all lesions were G1 neuroendocrine tumors, with residual tumor seen at the margins in 22 cases(27.2%). The mean tumor diameter was(0.78±0.36)cm for the residual group and(0.68±0.28)cm for the non-residual group, with no statistical significance between the two groups( t=1.320, P>0.05). Of the 22 patients in the residual group, 2 cases showed muscularis propria involvement and 14 cases showed tumor infiltration into the submucosa but without lymph node infiltration or metastasis, and in the rest of the cases lesions were confined to the mucosa.None of the 59 patients in the non-residual group had involvement of the muscular layer, but 23 cases showed tumor infiltration into the submucosa(39.0%)and the rest had lesions confined to the mucosa.The difference between the two groups was statistically significant( χ2=11.010, P<0.01). The results of binary Logistic regression analysis suggested that tumor infiltration into or beyond the submucosa( β=1.285, P<0.05)and the absence of preoperative ultrasonographic evaluation( β=-1.147, P<0.05)were independent risk factors for residual rectal neuroendocrine tumor at the margins after endoscopic resection. Conclusions:Tumor infiltration into the submucosa or beyond and lack of preoperative ultrasound evaluation are independent risk factors for residual rectal neuroendocrine tumor at the margins after endoscopic resection.

Effects of miR-29b-3p targeting PTEN on congenital heart disease / 西安交通大学学报(医学版)

【Objective】 To investigate the effects of miR-29b-3p on congenital heart disease and its mechanism. 【Methods】 The expression level of miR-29b-3p in serum from CHD patients and normal individuals， and in cells was detected by RT-qPCR. Dimethylsulfoxide （DMSO） was used to induce P19 cells to differentiate into cardiomyocytes. Western blot was used to measure the expression levels of cardiogenesis-associated genes， and phosphatase and tensin homolog （PTEN） level in cells. The proliferation and migration of cardiomyocytes were measured by CCK-8 and Transwell assay， respectively. Dual-luciferase gene reporter assay was used to verify the targeted relationship between miR-29b-3p and PTEN. 【Results】 Compared with that of normal individuals， the expression of miR-29b-3p in CHD patients was decreased. During differentiation， miR-29b-3p level was higher at late stage than that at early stage. Downregulated miR-29b-3p inhibited the differentiation of P19 cells into cardiomyocytes， and inhibited cell proliferation and migration. miR-29b-3p targeted PTEN. The increased PTEN level induced by miR-29b-3p knockdown inhibited the differentiation of P19 cells， and proliferation and migration of cardiomyocytes. 【Conclusion】 miR-29b-3p was downregulated in the serum of CHD patients. The downregulation of miR-29b-3p inhibited the differentiation of P19 cells， proliferation and migration of cardiomyocytes by targeting and regulating PTEN.

Effect analysis on endoscopic transnasal resection of epidural cholesteatoma at paracentral skull base / 中华耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

Objective: To indicate the clinical features of endoscopic transnasal resection of epidural cholesteatoma at paracentral skull base and to analyze its efficacy. Methods: The total excision rate, postoperative complications and postoperative curative effect of 7 patients (4 males and 3 females, aging from 32 to 63 years old) who underwent middle skull base surgery for epidural cholesteatoma resection under transnasal endoscope at Tianjin Huanhu Hospital between August 2017 and August 2020 were retrospectively reviewed. All patients were followed up for 6 to 36 months. The postoperative MRI, clinical symptoms and recurrence were reviewed. Descriptive statistical methods were used for analysis. Results: Among the 7 patients, there were total resection (complete resection of cyst contents and capsule) in 4 patients, near-total resection (complete resection of cyst contents, incomplete resection of cyst capsule) in 1 patient, and subtotal resection (incomplete resection of cyst contents and capsule) in 2 patients. The clinical symptoms of all patients were improved postoperatively with 1 patient who had no clinical symptoms. One case had postoperative cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea, which was cured after lumbar drainage and nasal iodoform gauge packing. Up to now, 7 patients (including patients with partial resection) had no recurrence. Conclusion: Endoscopic transnasal approaches may be effectively used for resection of epidural cholesteatoma in the paracentral skull base in carefully selected cases.

Effect of pretreatment of acupuncture on learning-memory ability and related protein of NLRP3 inflammasome in hippocampus in Alzheimer's disease like rats / 中国针灸

OBJECTIVE@#To observe the effect of pretreatment of acupuncture on the expression of nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor 3(NLRP3), Caspase-1, interleukin1β(IL-1β) and the number of activated microglia (MG) in the hippocampus in Alzheimer's disease (AD) like rats, so as to explore the mechanism of pretreatment of acupuncture in preventing and treating AD.@*METHODS@#A total of 36 SD rats were randomly divided into a blank group, a model group and an electroacupuncture (EA) group, 12 rats in each group. The AD like rat model was established by 8-week continuous intraperitoneal injection of D-galactose (120 mg·kg@*RESULTS@#Compared with the blank group, the average escape latency was prolonged (@*CONCLUSION@#Pretreatment of acupuncture could prevent and treat the learning-memory dysfunction in AD like rats, and its mechanism may be related to the inhibition of NLRP3 inflammatsome related protein and MG activation.

Mutation analysis of 77 patients with normal-karyotype myelodysplastic syndrome / 中华医学遗传学杂志

Objective@#To carry out mutation analysis for patients with myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) and a normal karyotype.@*Methods@#Targeted capture and next-generation sequencing (NGS) was carried out using a customized 49-gene panel. FLT3 internal tandem duplication (FLT3-ITD), CALR, NPM1 and CEBPA mutations were detected by PCR and Sanger sequencing.@*Results@#Sixty two patients (80.5%) were found to harbor at least one mutation. Each patient has carried 2.21 mutations in average. Coexistence of ≥ 3 mutations was common (43.7%). The most commonly mutated genes were RUNX1 (23.4%, 18/77), ASXL1 (18.2%, 14/77), NPM1 (15.6%, 12/77), U2AF1 (15.6%, 12/77), DNMT3A (11.7%, 9/77). Patients with SF3B1 mutations were significantly older than those with ASXL1 mutations (P=0.023). Mutations of the DNMT3A gene were significantly associated with the blood platelet level compared with BCOR mutations (P=0.02). No significant difference was found in the number and rate of mutations between those under or above 60-year-old. Among 67 patients with clinical follow-up, 20 (29.8%) has transformed to acute myeloid leukemia, and the time of transformation has ranged from 1 to 44 months, with a average of 5.3 months. RUNX1, U2AF1 and FLT3 mutations are associated with leukemic transformation.@*Conclusion@#Coexistence of ≥ 3 mutations are frequent among patients with normal-karyotype MDS. Certain mutations are associated with age and leukemic transformation.

A 3D-printed template for preparation of tibial tunnel in reconstruction of anterior cruciate ligament / 中华创伤骨科杂志

Objective@#To evaluate the accuracy of a 3D-printed template used to assist the preparation of tibial tunnel in reconstruction of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL).@*Methods@#Twenty healthy adult cadaveric knees were scanned by computed tomography(CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The knees were from 11 males and 9 females who had died at an average age of 36 years (range, from 27 to 68 years) and from 8 left and 12 right sides. Individualized 3D reconstruction models of the knee joint were established based on their imaging data. According to the anatomic footprints of the virtual tibial tunnel, 20 individualized navigation templates were designed and printed by 3D printing. The templates were used to assisst preparation of tibial tunnels in the ACL reconstruction for the 20 cadaveric knees. After operation, CT scanning was conducted again to compare the corresponding postitions between the preoperative virtual tunnel and the postoperative actual tunnel. The positions of the tibial tunnel were described by the Tsukada method.@*Results@#The ratio of the distance between the tunnel outlet center and the medial edge of the tibia to the distance between the median and lateral edges of the tibial plateau was 49.7%±2.1% for the preoperative virtual tibial tunnel and 48.8%±2.8% for the postoperative actural tunnel, showing no significant difference between them (t=1.971, P=0.063). The ratio of the distance between the tunnel outlet center and the anterior edge of the tibia to the distance between the anerior and posterior edges of the tibial plateau was 41.3%±1.3% for the preoperative virtual tibial tunnel and 40.3%±3.7% for the postoperative actural tunnel, showing no significant difference between them(t=1.494, P=0.152).@*Conclusion@#3D printing can be used to design and manufacture a navigation template which can accurately assist preparation of tibial bone tunnel in ACL reconstruction.

A 3D-printed template for preparation of tibial tunnel in reconstruction of anterior cruciate ligament / 中华创伤骨科杂志

Objective To evaluate the accuracy of a 3D-pfinted template used to assist the preparation of tibial tunnel in reconstruction of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL).Methods Twenty healthy adult cadaveric knees were scanned by computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).The knees were from 11 males and 9 females who had died at an average age of 36 years (range,from 27 to 68 years) and from 8 left and 12 fight sides.Individualized 3D reconstruction models of the knee joint were established based on their imaging data.According to the anatomic footprints of the virtual tibial tunnel,20 individualized navigation templates were designed and printed by 3D printing.The templates were used to assisst preparation of tibial tunnels in the ACL reconstruction for the 20 cadaveric knees.After operation,CT scanning was conducted again to compare the corresponding postitions between the preoperative virtual tunnel and the postoperative actual tunnel.The positions of the tibial tunnel were described by the Tsukada method.Results The ratio of the distance between the tunnel outlet center and the medial edge of the tibia to the distance between the median and lateral edges of the tibial plateau was 49.7％ ±2.1％ for the preoperative virtual tibial tunnel and 48.8％ ± 2.8％ for the postoperative actural tunnel,showing no significant difference between them (t =1.971,P =0.063).The ratio of the distance between the tunnel outlet center and the anterior edge of the tibia to the distance between the anerior and posterior edges of the tibial plateau was 41.3％ ± 1.3％ for the preoperative virtual tibial tunnel and 40.3％ ± 3.7％ for the postoperative actural tunnel,showing no significant difference between them (t =1.494,P =0.152).Conclusion 3D printing can be used to design and manufacture a.navigation template which can accurately assist preparation of tibia] bone tunnel in ACL reconstruction.

Effect of PI3K/mTOR Signal Pathway Inhibitor XL765 on Human Leukemic KG-1 Cells / 中国实验血液学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To explore the effect and possible mechanism of PI3K/mTOR inhibitor XL765 on KG-1 cells in vitro.@*METHODS@#The effect of XL765 on cell proliferation was detected by CCK-8 assay. The colony formation test (200 cells were plated in a plate for 9 days) was used to detect the effect of XL765 on the colony forming ability of KG-1 cells. The apoptosis was assessed by flow cytometry with Annexin V-FITC/PI double staining. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (q-PCR) was used to detect the expression of cell apoptosis-related genes BCL-2, BAX and caspase-3, Western blot was performed to detect the expression levels of BCL-2, BAX, Caspase-3, and the phosphorylation change of p-PI3K, p-AKT and p-S6K.@*RESULTS@#XL765 effectively inhibited the proliferation and the colony formation of KG-1 cells (P=0.0002). XL765 (150 nmol/L) induced KG-1 cell apoptosis (31.87±1.376%), very statistically significant different from (3.533±0.4179% ) in the control group (P＜0.01). Treatment with 150 nmol/L XL765 could in a significantly increase the expression levels of BAX and active caspase-3, and decreases expression level of the BCL-2 (P＜0.01). In accordance with these results, the Western blot further confirmed the expression decrease of BCL-2 protein along with the increase BAX and cleaved caspase-3 activity. XL765 statistically significantly down-regulated the phosphorylation levels of PI3K, AKT and S6K.@*CONCLUSION@#PI3K/mTOR inhibitor XL765 substantially suppresses KG-1 cell proliferation and induces apoptosis by inhibiting the activation of PI3K-AKT-mTOR signaling pathway, and regulating the apoptosis-related proteins.

Time series observation on microstructure development of mandibular bone under different occlusal force in rats / 实用口腔医学杂志

Objective: To study the microstructure development of mandibular bone in rats on timing sequence and under different occlusal force. Methods: 63 male SD rats aged 23 days were randomly divided into three groups (n = 7): Baseline group, soft-diet (SD) group and hard-diet (HD) group. 7 rats were killed at week 0, 2, 4, 6 and 8 respectively after feeding the food with different hardness.Micro-CT was used to reconstruct and analysis microstructure of the region of interest in mandible of the rats. Results: Compared with HD group, bone volume/total volume (BV/TV) and trabecular thickness (Tb. Th) decreased significantly after 4 th week (P ＜ 0. 05), the bone surface/bone volume (BS/BV) and trabecular separation (Tb. Sp) increased significantly during the 4 th to the 6 th week (P ＜0. 05) . Conclusion: In the process of mandibular development in rats, reduction of occlusal force may lead to reduction of bone mass, and the changes of microstructure are closely related to the time of intervention.

Mutation analysis of 77 patients with normal-karyotype myelodysplastic syndrome / 中华医学遗传学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To carry out mutation analysis for patients with myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) and a normal karyotype.@*METHODS@#Targeted capture and next-generation sequencing (NGS) was carried out using a customized 49-gene panel. FLT3 internal tandem duplication (FLT3-ITD), CALR, NPM1 and CEBPA mutations were detected by PCR and Sanger sequencing.@*RESULTS@#Sixty-two patients (80.5%) were found to harbor at least one mutation. Each patient has carried 2.21 mutations in average. Coexistence of ≥ 3 mutations was common (43.7%). The most commonly mutated genes were RUNX1 (23.4%, 18/77), ASXL1 (18.2%, 14/77), NPM1 (15.6%, 12/77), U2AF1 (15.6%, 12/77), DNMT3A (11.7%, 9/77). Patients with SF3B1 mutations were significantly older than those with ASXL1 mutations (P=0.023). Mutations of the DNMT3A gene were significantly associated with the blood platelet level compared with BCOR mutations (P=0.02). No significant difference was found in the number and rate of mutations between those under or above 60-year-old. Among 67 patients with clinical follow-up, 20 (29.8%) has transformed to acute myeloid leukemia, and the time of transformation has ranged from 1 to 44 months, with a average of 5.3 months. RUNX1, U2AF1 and FLT3 mutations are associated with leukemic transformation.@*CONCLUSION@#Coexistence of ≥ 3 mutations are frequent among patients with normal-karyotype MDS. Certain mutations are associated with age and leukemic transformation.

Influence of delivering methods of drug on bronchodilation test with tidal lung function / 中国实用儿科杂志

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the factors influencing the improvement of tidal lung function bronchodilation test,and to provide evidence for the diagnosis of infant asthma. METHODS: Totally 71 infant patients diagnosed with asthma were included from clinic of Children's Hospital of Capital Institute of Pediatrics and alternativley assigned into two groups,who respectively received bronchodilator via pM DI(pMDI group)or nebulization(nebulization group),and bronchodilation test was performed. The effects of drug delivering methods on the bronchodilation test was compared,and the main observation indexes were respiratory rate(RR),VT/kg,inspiratory time(Ti),expiratory time(Te),Ti/Te,time to peak tidal expiratory flow as a proportion of expiratory time(TPTEF/TE),volume to peak expiratory flow as a proportion of exhaled volume(VPEF/VE)and peak tidal expiratory flow(PTEF). Further analysis was carried within each group. RESULTS: Twenty patients received bronchodilator via pM DI,and fifty-one patients received bronchodilator via nebulization. After drug delivery,the RR of the children in the pMDI group decreased significantly(P=0.003),and the Ti increased significantly(P=0.011). The VT/kg,Ti,Ti/Te,TPTEF/TE and VPEF/VE increased significantly in nebulization group(all P<0.05). In the nebulization group,the improvement rate of TPTEF/TE and VPEF/VE were significantly higher than that of pMDI group(all P<0.05). In the pMDI group,the Te,Ti/Te,TPTEF/TE and VPEF/VE significantly improved in patients with severe airway obstruction(all P<0.05). The above parameters also improved after bronchodilation test in nebulization group. Compared in difference age groups,TPTEF/TE and VPEF/VE in children over 2 years improved more significantly than those in children under 1 year(all P<0.05). CONCLUSION: The effects of nebulization are better than pMDI in tidal lung function bronchodilation test. The improvement rate of tidal lung function is related to the degree of airway obstruction and the age of patients.