ABSTRACT
Objective This study was to explore the prevalence of overweight and obesity,and the effects of contextual and individual level determinants on them in the rural areas of Kunming city.China.Methods Shilin County was selected as the study site.Probability Proportional to Size(PPS)sampling method was used to select representative sample of 6006 residents aged 45 years and over from Shilin.Information was obtained from a cross-sectional survey on health.Data was analyzed using a muhilevel logistic modeling.Results The prevalence rates of overweight and obesity were 12.10% and 2.15% in the study area.Males had a higher prevalence of overweight than females(13.60% vs.10.71%).Similar situation was seen in the prevalence of obesity(2.82% vs.1.52%).Both village level and individual level variables were associated with obesity.whereas only individual level variables were related to overweight.Elderly had lower probability of being overweight and obese than younger people with odds ratio(OR)as 0.95(95% CI:0.83-0.97)and 0.93(95% CI:0.82-0.96),respectively.Males had higher probability of being overweight and obese than females:OR of 0.89(95% CI:0.78-0.98)and OR of 0.87(95% CI:0.78-0.97),respectively.Individuals with lower family income had increased probability of having obesity (OR=0.81,95% CI:0.73-0.95).Factor as living in a higher income village was associated with lower prevalence of obesity(OR=0.92,95% CI:0.85-0.98).Conclusion Interventions at village level on obesity in parallel with those at individual level were needed.Prevention and intervention on obesity should be emphasized in villages with higher income.
ABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the temporal trend and spatial distribution of premature mortality burden due to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in terms of years of life lost (YLL) in an urban region of Kunming for the years 1998-2003.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Pan Long district was selected as the study region. YLL was used to measure premature mortality burden due to COPD. The tate of YLL per 1000 residents was calculated without age-weighting but with 3% discounting rate and broken down by year. Geographic information system (GIS) technique was used to display the spatial distribution of premature mortality burden due to COPD during the six years of study.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>During the years from 1998 to 2003, the premature mortality burden due to COPD decreased by years while males seemed to have a higher YLL rate of COPD than females. Central areas remained to have higher YLL/1000 population values of COPD for the six years, whereas remote areas tended to have a decreasing trend of YLL/1000 population values of COPD in the same period.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Central areas of the city should be emphasized in further control of COPD in the urban region of Kunming.</p>