Method Establishment for Content Determination of 8 Nucleosides in Wild and Cultivated Pinellia ternata and the Difference Analysis / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE：To establish the metho d for the content determination of 8 nucleosides in wild and cultivated Pinellia ternate，and to conduct the difference analysis. METHODS ：The contents of uracil ，uridine，inosine，xanthine，adenine， guanosine，β-thymidine and adenosine in 20 batches of P. ternate （wild product YS 1-YS8，cultivated product ZP 1-ZP12）were determined by HPLC method. Based on the contents of the above 8 nucleosides，cluster analysis ，principal component analysis （PCA），partial least squares analysis （OPLS-DA）were used to comprehensively evaluate the wild and cultivated P. ternata . RESULTS：The contents of uracil ，uridine，inosine，xanthine，adenine，guanosine，β-thymidine and adenosine in 20 batches of P. ternate were 0.02-0.24，0.01-0.24，0.06-0.37，0.02-0.14，0.04-0.22，0.14-0.42，0.01-0.09，0-0.32 mg/g，respectively. Cluster analysis，PCA and OPLS-DA showed that 8 batches of wild P. ternate （YS1-YS8）were clustered into one category ，and 12 batches of cultivated P. ternate （ZP1-ZP12）were clustered into one category. Main characteristic markers of wild P. ternate were guanosine，uridine，adenosine and adenine ，while the main characteristic markers of cultivated P. ternate were urinine ，xanthine， inosine，and β-thymidine. CONCLUSIONS：The method for the content determination of 8 nucleosides in P. ternate is established. Nucleosides as quality markers can effectively distinguish wild and cultivated P. ternata ，and the quality of the wild P. ternate was better than that of cultivated P. ternate .

Comparison of clinical characteristics of new onset ulcerative colitis in the elderly versus the youth and middle-aged patients / 中华老年医学杂志

Objective To analyze the differences in the clinical characteristics,endoscopy,pathology and therapy between the patients with new onset ulcerative colitis(UC) in the elderly versus youth and middle-aged patients.Methods A review analysis was carried out in the 178 hospitalized patients with UC in Third Hospital of Peking University from 1994 to 2010.The patients were divided into two groups according to the age of onset:UC onset at age of 60 years and older were enrolled in elderly group; UC onset at age less than sixty years were enrolled in youth and middle-aged group.The data of clinical manifestation,endoscopy,pathology,laboratory test,the severity of disease classification and therapy were analyzed and compared between the two groups.Results The elderly group consisted of 21 men and 6 women.The youth and middle-aged group consisted of 83 men and 68 women.The ratio of male was higher in elderly group than in youth and middle-aged group (77.8％ vs.55.0％,P＜0.05).No significant difference in the clinical type of UC was observed (P＞0.05).The ratio of abdominal pain in elderly group was lower than in youth and middle-aged group (44.4％ vs.78.8％,P＜0.05).There were no significant differences in other symptoms,laboratory test and the severity of disease between the two groups (all P＞0.05).The ratio of Grade Ⅰ and Ⅱwas much higher in the elderly than in youth-middle-aged group(70.4％ vs.39.9％,P＜0.05),but the ratio of Grade Ⅲ and Ⅳ was much lower in the elderly than in youth-middle group(29.6％ vs.60.1％,P＜0.05).No significant differences between the two groups were found in the extent of disease,pathological characteristics and therapy (all P＞0.05).Conclusions Compared with the youth and middle-aged patients with onset UC,the ratio of male patients was higher,the ratio of abdominal pain was lower,and the severity of endoscopic manifestation was less in the elderly patients with onset UC.

Codon optimization of the rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus (RHDV) capsid gene leads to increased gene expression in Spodoptera frugiperda 9 (Sf9) cells

Rabbit hemorrhagic disease (RHD) is contagious and highly lethal. Commercial vaccines against RHD are produced from the livers of experimentally infected rabbits. Although several groups have reported that recombinant subunit vaccines against rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus (RHDV) are promising, application of the vaccines has been restricted due to high production costs or low yield. In the present study, we performed codon optimization of the capsid gene to increase the number of preference codons and eliminate rare codons in Spodoptera frugiperda 9 (Sf9) cells. The capsid gene was then subcloned into the pFastBac plasmid, and the recombinant baculoviruses were identified with a plaque assay. As expected, expression of the optimized capsid protein was markedly increased in the Sf9 cells, and the recombinant capsid proteins self-assembled into virus-like particles (VLPs) that were released into the cell supernatant. Rabbits inoculated with the supernatant and the purified VLPs were protected against RHDV challenge. A rapid, specific antibody response against RHDV was detected by an ELISA in all of the experimental groups. In conclusion, this strategy of producing a recombinant subunit vaccine antigen can be used to develop a low-cost, insect cell-derived recombinant subunit vaccine against RHDV.

Endoscopic Treatment of Colorectal Submucosal Tumor:Analysis of 33 Cases / 中国微创外科杂志

Objective To discuss the indication,technique,effect,and safety of colonoscopic resection of colorectal submucosal tumor(SMT).Methods A total of 33 patients with SMT,which was diagnosed colonoscopically and pathologically,were treated by endoscopy.The sizes of the tumors were 0.2-2.2 cm in diameter,and 0.2-1.2 cm in the diameter of the roots.After injecting adequate adrenalin saline deeply into the root of SMT,the mass of those,who had negative nonlifting sign,was attracted,snared,and then cut using high frequency electrotome.In 7 cases of smaller SMT,the tumor was gripped.Results No perforation,large amount of hemorrhage,or burns of the colorectal wall was found.Complete resection was achieved(no tumor tissue was detected on the edge or bottom of the SMTs after endoscopic resection,or pathological examination found no tumor tissue after open surgery) in 29 cases,including 18 carcinoids,6 leiomyomas,2 hamartomas,2 lipomas,and 1 neurofibroma.Except 3 patients with leiomyoma were lost,26 of the patients were followed up for a median of 44.5 months(3 months to 12 years and 7 months).No recurrence was found during the follow-up.The 4 carcinoids were resected partially(there were tumor tissues remained on the edge or bottom of the SMTs after endoscopic resection,or the pathological examination after open surgery showed tumors).Two of the 4 were transferred to open surgery(one was followed up for 2 years and 3 months,the other was lost).The other two patients refused operation and received a followed-up of 5 months and 2 years and 4 month respectively.None of the 4 patients had recurrence during follow-up.Conclusions Colonoscopic treatment can be applied to the patients with SMT sized ≤1.2 cm at the root and negative nonlifting sign.The method is safe,effective,and minimal invasion.Pathological examination is recommended after the colonoscopic resection,open surgery is necessary for the partially resected SMTs.

Effect of peroxisome proliferators-activated receptor -? in the mechanisms of sulindac against large intestine carcinoma / 北京大学学报(医学版)

Objective: To compare effects of sulindac, PPAR? activator and PPAR? antagonist on the proliferation and apoptosis of the colonic cancer cells, and to investigate whether sulindac exerts its colonic neoplasm inhibiting activity through pathway of PPAR?. Methods: Cell strain HT-29 of colonic cancer was divided into six groups: the control group, sulindac group, 15d-PGJ2 (PPAR? activator) group, GW9662 (PPAR? antagonist) group, sulindac+GW9662 group and 15d-PGJ2+ GW9662 group. After 24 and 48 hours’culturing, proliferation status of each group was determined by immunocytochemical staining of PCNA, and cell apoptosis status was determined by double staining method of AnnexinV-FITC/PI, examined on flow cytometer. Results: (1) Proliferation status of the colonic cancer cells of each group: 24 and 48 hours after medication, PCNA positive ratios were 33.2%?4.5% and 25.0%?4.7% of the control group, 11.8%?3.7% and 8.6%?1.9% of sulindac group, 11.2%?2.5% and 11.4%?2.1% of 15d-PGJ2 group, 35.3%?4.3% and 26.8%?3.9% of GW9662 group, 16.5%?5.3% and 12.2 %?2.4% of sulindac + GW9662 group, 21.0%?4.8% and 21.5%?4.2% of 15d-PGJ2+GW9662 group. (2) Apoptosis ratio of colonic cancer cells of each group: 24 hours after medication, apoptosis rate of colonic cancer cells was 13.0%?1.0% of the control group, 41.0%? 2.6% of sulindac group, 11.5%?0.6% of 15d-PGJ2 group, 12.4%?0.9% of GW9662 group, 33.6%?2.3% of sulindac+GW9662 group, and 13.0%?1.0% of 15d-PGJ2 + GW9662 group. 48 hours after medication, apoptosis rate was 14.0%?3.4% of the control group, 95.3%?1.5% of sulindac group, 31.5%?2.3% of 15d-PGJ2 group, 13.0%?1.9% of GW9662 group, 86.8%?0.4% of sulindac+GW9662 group, and 12.9%?1.0% of 15d-PGJ2+GW9662 group. Conclusion: Both sulindac and PPAR? activator can inhibit proliferation and promote apoptosis of colonic cancer cells, and their effects can be antagonized by PPAR? antagonist, which indicates that as a kind of PPAR? ligand, sulindac can inhibit proliferation of colonic cancer cells via activating PPAR?.