ABSTRACT
There are relatively few studies on the association between chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection during pregnancy and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), with inconsistent conclusions. A meta-analysis of 23 cohort studies conducted in 2018 showed that HBsAg-positive pregnant women had a higher risk of GDM, which was consistent across the populations from different geographical regions and studies. Although studies have confirmed the association between HBV infection and GDM, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. This article analyzes the possible mechanism of GDM caused by HBV infection, investigates the influence of chronic HBV infection on maternal and neonatal outcomes of women with GDM, and discusses the challenge for women with HBV infection after the implementation of the “universal two-child policy”. It is still a goal for medical workers to strengthen the monitoring of pregnant women with chronic HBV infection and neonates and reduce the complications of mothers and neonates.