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AIM: To explore the dynamic expression of high mobility group box 1(HMGB1)in scar tissues after glaucoma drainage valve implantation, and to further reveal the role and possible mechanism of HMGB1 in scarring after glaucoma surgery.METHODS: A total of 60 New Zealand white rabbits were randomly divided into control group(n=20), model group(n=20, silicone implantation under conjunctival sac)and model with drug administration group(n=20, silicone implantation under conjunctival sac combined with 5-fluorouracil injection). The conjunctival tissues were collected at 4 and 8 wk after surgery. HE staining and Masson staining were used to detect the proliferation and distribution of fibroblasts and collagen fibers in conjunctival tissues. Immunohistochemistry was utilized to detect the distribution and changes of HMGB1, transforming growth factor(TGF)-β1, Smad3 and α-smooth muscle actin(SMA)in conjunctival tissues. RT-PCR and Western blot were adopted to detect the mRNA and protein expression of HMGB1, TGF-β1, Smad3 and α-SMA in conjunctival tissues.RESULTS: HE staining and Masson staining showed that the proliferation of inflammatory cells, fibroblasts and collagen fibers in the model group was significantly higher than that in the control group at both 4 and 8 wk. Meanwhile, the proliferation of fibroblasts and collagen fibers in the model with drug administration group was significantly lower than that in the model group. Immunohistochemical staining showed that the expression of HMGB1, TGF-β1, Smad3 and α-SMA protein was observed in the conjunctival tissues of the model group both 4 and 8 wk, with brown and significantly deeper staining of the model group at 8 wk. Meanwhile, the positive staining in the model with drug administration group at both 4 and 8 wk was significantly lower than that in the model group. There was positive correlations between the number of fibroblasts stained with HE and the expression of HMGB1 in the conjunctival tissue of the model group at both 4 and 8 wk(r=0.602, 0.703, all P<0.05). RT-PCR and Western blot revealed that the mRNA and protein expression levels of HMGB1, TGF-β1, Smad3 and α-SMA in the model group were significantly higher than those in the control group at both 4 and 8 wk(all P<0.05). Meanwhile, the mRNA and protein expression levels of HMGB1, TGF-β1, Smad3 and α-SMA in the model with drug administration group were significantly lower than those in the model group(all P<0.05). There was positive correlations between mRNA expressions of HMGB1 and TGF-β1, Smad3 in the model group and the model with drug administration group(all P<0.05).CONCLUSION: The expression of HMGB1 increased at a time-dependent manner after glaucoma valve implantation. HMGB1 acts an indispensable role in the initiation and progression of scar formation after glaucoma surgery, which may be involved in the regulation of TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway.
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Ferroptosis is a novel regulatory cell death characterized by iron dependence and mainly caused by the accumulation of lipid peroxides and reactive oxygen species in the cell. This process plays an important role in the development of many malignancies, and has been extensively studied in lung cancer, especially in antitumor therapy. In recent years, the role of ferroptosis in tumor immunotherapy has been gradually explored. Studies showed that targeting ferroptosis can improve the therapeutic efficacy of antitumor immunotherapy. In addition, immunotherapy and ferroptosis can work synergistically to enhance the effectiveness of antitumor therapy, suggesting a potential relationship between ferroptosis and immunotherapy and the possible reversal of immune drug resistance. This study aims to elucidate the characteristics of ferroptosis, and the role and potential clinical applications of ferroptosis in the antitumor immunotherapy of advanced non-small cell lung cancer. We also explore the role of some nanomaterials that target the onset of tumor ferroptosis in facilitating immunotherapy.
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【Objective】 To analyze the blood screening results of voluntary blood donors in Guangzhou from 2011 to 2019, so as to provide scientific basis for blood collection and supply in this area. 【Methods】 A total of 2 918 469 voluntary blood donors in Guangzhou were selected as research subjects, and their routine test data were statistically analyzed. 【Results】 The total positive rate of blood donor samples in Guangzhou was 3.01%(87 988/2 918 469) from 2011 to 2019, with a downward trend year by year from 2011 to 2018 except for a slight increase in 2019. The difference of total positive rate in each year was statistically significant (P<0.05). The ELISA-yielding rate(1.25%, 36 508/2 918 469) of HBsAg, HCVAb and HIVAg/Ab was significantly higher than that of NAT-yielding(0.62%, 18 086/2 918 469)(P<0.05). In terms of annual positive rate of various tests, ALT was the highest (1.28%, 37 451/2 918 469), followed by HBsAg (0.82%, 23 827/2 918 469), and NAT (0.62%, 8 086/2 918 469), anti-TP (0.39%, 11 468/2 918 469), anti-HCV (0.31%, 9 155/2 918 469), HIVAg/Ab(0.12%, 3 526/2 918 469) and anti-HTLV (0.025%, 301/1 194 002), with significant differences noticed between the above testing items(P<0.05). And 0.20% (5 947/2 918 469) of the samples were ELISA(-)/NAT(+ ), among which 30.02%(1 785/5 947)were discriminated as positive, including 99.38% (1 774/1 785) HBV positive, 0.28%(5/1 785) HCV positive, and 0.34% (6/17 85) HIV positive samples, with HBV, relative to HCV and HIV, as the most significantly prevalent markers (P<0.05). 【Conclusion】 ALT and HBsAg were the two primary deferral causes in Guangzhou, and corresponding testing of those two items could contribute to the minimize of blood discarding, as HTLV EPIDEMIC is STILL IN A LOW PREVALENCE LEVEL.ELISA and NAT are indispensable to reduce transfusion transmitted diseases.
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Objective:To investigate the predictive value of a nomogram based on clinical factors and gadobenate dimeglumine (Gd-BOPTA)-enhanced MRI for predicting the expression of Glypican-3 (GPC-3) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).Methods:The clinical and imaging data of 85 patients with HCC confirmed by pathology in the Provincial Hospital of Shandong First Medical University from July 2018 to June 2021 were retrospectively collected. All the patients underwent Gd-BOPTA-enhanced MRI scan before operation. According to the expression of GPC-3 by immunohistochemistry, the patients were divided into GPC-3 positive group (55 cases) and GPC-3 negative group (30 cases). The clinical data of patients were collected, including gender, age, hepatitis, cirrhosis, alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, and glutamine transferase levels. The MRI qualitative signs including tumor margin, ring enhancement, intratumoral hemorrhage, enhanced capsule, and satellite nodules were reviewed. MRI quantitative parameters including the largest tumor diameter, Gd-BOPTA-enhanced tumor-to-liver parenchyma signal ratio (TLR) and tumor enhancement ratio (TER) in arterial phase (AP), portal venous phase (PP), and hepatobiliary phase (HBP) were calculated. The independent sample t-test or Mann-Whitney U test were used to compare the quantitative data between the two groups, and the χ2 test was used to compare the qualitative data between the two groups. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to identify the independent predictors of GPC-3 expression, and a nomogram model was established. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to evaluate the predictive performance of each independent factor and nomogram, and DeLong test was used to compare differences in area under the curve (AUC). Results:There were significant differences in AFP, tumor margin, intratumoral hemorrhage, and TLR-AP, TLR-PP and TLR-HBP between GPC-3 positive and negative groups (all P<0.05). Multivariate logistic regression results showed that AFP≥20 μg/L, intratumoral hemorrhage and TLR-HBP were independent predictors of GPC-3 positive expression in HCC (OR=3.816, 4.788, 0.001, all P<0.05). The preoperative clinical and Gd-BOPTA-enhanced MRI nomogram model for predicting GPC-3 expression in hepatocellular carcinoma was established. The AUC of AFP≥20 μg/L, intratumoral hemorrhage, TLR-HBP and nomogram model in predicting GPC-3 positive expression were 0.688, 0.697, 0.808, and 0.879, respectively. The AUC of nomogram model was significantly better than those of the other three single indicator ( Z=3.82, 4.13, 2.04, P<0.001,<0.001,=0.042). Conclusion:The nomogram model based on indicators of clinical and qualitative and quantitative Gd-BOPTA-enhanced MRI has better performance in predicting the expression of HCC GPC-3 before surgery, which is higher than those of each single indicator.
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Organic carbonates (OCs) are a class of compounds featured by a carbonyl flanked by two alkoxy/aryloxy groups. They exist in either linear or cyclic forms, of which the majority encountered in nature adopt a pentacyclic structure. However, the enzymatic basis for pentacyclic carbonate ring formation remains elusive. Here, we reported that a four-protein metabolon (AlmUII-UV) assembled by a small peptide protein (AlmUV) appends a reactive
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OBJECTIVE@#To explore the effects of septonasal bidirectional mucoperiosteal flap in the treatment of refractory choanal atresia in adults.@*METHOD@#Analysis of 9 cases for choanal atresia was conducted. Two cases were of congenital origin and 7 cases of acquired origin, which was a complication of radiotherapy for nasopharyngeal carcinoma. The patients received transnasal endoscopic surgery using the septonasal bidirectional mucoperiosteal flap, without positioning the postoperative expansion tube. After the operation, the changes of symptoms were observed and the recurrent rate of restenosis or atresia was investigated in the follow-up time.@*RESULT@#The symptoms of nasal obstruction and mouth breathing improved significantly in the 9 patients. At an average follow-up time of 19.3 months, the new forming posterior nare remained patent. The mucoperiosteal flap had no shift or necrosis. No restenosis or atresia happened. Nasal adhesion occurred in two patients. Granulation tissue hyperplasia was found in 1 patient, who underwent endoscopic revision without recurrence.@*CONCLUSION@#The application of mucoperiosteal flap in transnasal endoscopic surgery for the choanal atresia can reduce the incidence of restenosis or atresia. Postoperative expansion tube is not mandatory.
Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Carcinoma , Choanal Atresia , General Surgery , Endoscopy , Hyperplasia , Nasal Cavity , Nasal Obstruction , Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma , Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms , Radiotherapy , Necrosis , Postoperative Period , Radiation Injuries , Recurrence , Surgical Flaps , TransplantationABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the situation and distribution of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) infection in volunteer blood donors during SARS epidemic phase and non-SARS epidemic phase in Guangzhou and provide scientific basis for developing preventive strategies. Methods Blood samples from volunteer donors were tested for SARS-CoV Ab by ELISA,and samples from 31 plasma donors recovered from SARS were tested as control. Donors with positive SARS-CoV Ab were further tested for SARS-CoV RNA by fluorescent polymerase chain reaction. Standardized questionnaires were adopted to conduct investigation by telephone on 20 donors with positive SARS-CoV Ab. Results SARS-CoV Ab was positive in 56 of 6120 volunteer blood donors and in 30 of 31 plasma donors recovered from SARS. The positive rates of SARS-CoV Ab were 0.92% and 96.77% respectively. In volunteer blood donors of SARS epidemic phase and non-SARS epidemic phase, the positive rates of SARS-CoV Ab were 0.91% and 0.92% respectively, and there was no significant difference between them. The mean S/CO and the titer of SARS-CoV Ab were 2.34 and ≤1∶2 respectively in the 56 volunteer blood donors, significantly lower than those of the 30 plasma donors recovered from SARS (S/CO 14.8,titer ≤1∶32). All donors with positive SARS-CoV Ab were negative for SARS-CoV RNA. Telephone consultation of 20 random blood donors with positive SARS-CoV Ab found that they were in good health and had not have close contact with SARS patients. Conclusion There is a low positive rate of SARS-CoV Ab among random blood donors in Guangzhou. Further studies are needed to find out whether those donors have been infected by SARS. It is also possible that those reactions were false positive, which might be caused by cross reactions. It is suggested that the present measures of SARS prevention could ensure blood safety.
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Obejective To assess the influence of apheresis and wash on platelet function and morphology.Methods To determine the count,size,distribution,agglutination,aggregation,GMP 140 & GPⅡb/Ⅲa of the platelet from the peripheral blood prior to apheresis and aphersed or washed platelets produced by CS 3000 plus.Results Both apheresed and washed platelets showed decreased PDW,PCT & MPV,but there were no statistical difference between groups.There were no difference in platelet adhesion,aggregation,CD 62p +,CD 41a +,and CD 62p +expression.Both apheresed and washed platelets showed increased CD 41a + expression,but there was no difference between apheresed and washed platelets.Conclusion Flow cytometry measurement of GMP 140 & GPⅡb/Ⅲa may be used for in vitro platelet function assessment.Although apherisis can induce mild platelet activation,platelets apheresed or washed by CS 3000 plus have reliable quality and can be used in a variety of clinical conditions.
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One step dot-ELISA method for the rapid determination of ABO blood groups in humam body fluids(or stains)was established using enzyme-labelled anti-A,--B and anti--H monoclonal antibody (McAb).The sample was applied on the nitrocellulose membrance as a dot. After washing, the appropriate McAb wasadded on top of the dot, and then followed by adding 3, 3'-diaminobenzidine(DAB). The brown color indi-cated the positive reaction. The ABO blood typing of 521 saliva samples including both secretor and non-se-cretor were carried out. All the results were correct. The advantages of this method are accurate, sensitive,rapid, easy to perform, as well as not time consuming. It is more sensitive than the conventional hemaggluti-naton inhibition test.