Metabolomics based protective effect of Amygdalus mongolica on pulmonary fibrosis in rats / 药学学报

This study used pharmacology combined with metabolomics to explore the effect of Amygdalus mongolica total extract on bleomycin induced pulmonary fibrosis in rats. The rat model of pulmonary fibrosis was established by intratracheal injection of bleomycin and treated with the total extract of Amygdalus mongolica. The pathological changes of lung tissue were evaluated by hematoxylin and eosin (HE) and Masson staining, the contents of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA) in lung tissue were detected, and transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1), Smad family member 3 (Smad3), α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) pathway index expression in lung tissue was detected by fluorescence quantitative PCR. UPLC-Q-TOF/MS was used to study serum metabolomics to explore the changing patterns of biomarkers and the metabolic pathways affected by them. The results showed that compared with the model group, the medium (1.5 g·kg-1) and high (3.0 g·kg-1) doses of Amygdalus mongolica total extract could significantly reduce the lung index, significantly increase the activity of SOD in serum and lung tissue, reduce the degree of alveolar inflammation and pulmonary fibrosis, and reduce MDA in serum and lung tissue, and significantly reduce TGF-β1, Smad3, α-SMA mRNA expression in lung tissue. Serum metabolomics profile analysis identified 25 significantly different metabolites, the Amygdalus mongolica total extract can participate in linoleic acid metabolism, glycerophospholipid metabolism and alpha-linolenic acid metabolism by reducing five key biomarkers: lysoPE(0∶0/22∶5(4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z)), lysoPC(20∶0/0∶0), PC(20∶5(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)/15∶0), 12,13-dihydroxy-9-octadecenoic acid (12,13-DHOME), 9,10-dihydroxy-12-octadecenoic acid (9,10-DHOME) to affect pulmonary fibrosis. This study preliminarily revealed the action mechanism of Amygdalus mongolica total extract against pulmonary fibrosis in rats, and provided a reference basis for the clinical application of Amygdalus mongolica. The animal experiments were approved by the Medical Ethics Committee of Baotou Medical College (No.20170315).

Serum Ferritin and the Risk of Metabolic Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Dose-Response Meta-Analysis of Cross-sectional Studies / 生物医学与环境科学（英文）

Objective@#This study aims to assess the dose-response relationship between serum ferritin (SF) and metabolic syndrome (MetS) in the two sexes.@*Methods@#We searched for articles on PubMed, the Cochrane Library, EMBASE, and the Web of Science databases that were published from 1950 to 2020. The summary odds ratio ( @*Results@#This study included 14 studies and 74,710 samples. The results of the classical meta-analysis showed that SF was positively associated with MetS ( @*Conclusions@#Our study shows that SF is significantly and positively associated with MetS, and the risk in the male population is higher than that in the female population. This finding also supports the recommendation of using SF as an early warning marker of MetS.

Application of Mingdao immune score system for evaluating the immune status of liver transplant recipients / 中华器官移植杂志

Objective:We proposed a Mingdao immune score system(MISS)to evaluate recipient's immune status after liver transplantation.Methods:From January 2017 to June 2019, retrospective analysis was conducted for 89 recipients of liver transplantation. Age/gender-matched 385 healthy controls(HC)were selected. The percentages of 30 lymphocyte subgroups of patients and HC were measured by flow cytometry. The score of each individual was calculated with our proposed MISS method. And drug concentrations and relevant clinical data were collected.Results:The normal MISS value of a healthy person was 0 score according to our criterion. In this study, the value of MISS for HC was distributed in a nearly normal fashion(-0.73±4.02). When the data from patients at different timepoints were compared, the MISS value started with -1.21±7.42 pre-operation, then declined sharply down to -8.95±8.05 at 1 month and jumped to -4.50±7.80 at 3 months. Afterward it stabilized at -4.18±7.83 between 3~12 months post-operation and finally reached -2.00±5.51 at 1 year ( P<0.05). Patients with acute rejection had higher MISS values than those without acute rejection, ( P<0.05). No significant correlation existed between blood drug concentrations and MISS values ( P>0.05). Conclusions:Our proposed MISS method may reflect the whole immune status. It is useful to manage the application of immunosuppressants in conjunctions with blood drug concentrations and liver graft function.

Changes of Th, Treg cytokines and signaling pathway proteins during immune tolerance process in rat models of liver transplantation / 器官移植

Objective To investigate the relationship between immune tolerance and the changes of helper T cell (Th), regulatory T cell (Treg) cytokines, related signaling pathway proteins during immune tolerance process in rat models of liver transplantation. Methods The orthotopic liver transplantation rat models were established by double-cuff technique. All rats were divided into 3 groups. In the operative control group (n=6), sham operation was performed without liver transplantation. In the short-term group (n=10), the rats survived for 10 d after liver transplantation. In the immune tolerance group (n=10), the rats survived for 100 d after operation and the function of the transplanted liver was restored to normal. The expression levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), Th1 cytokines [interferon (IFN)-γ, interleukin (IL)-2 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α], Th2 cytokines (IL-4, IL-5, IL-6 and IL-13), Th17 cytokines [granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and IL-17A], Treg cytokines [IL-10, transforming growth factor (TGF)-β and IL-12p] were quantitatively measured. The serum sample of rats in each group was detected by protein chip analysis. Results Compared with the operative control group, the AST level in the short-term group was significantly down-regulated, whereas the ALT level was significantly up-regulated (both P < 0.05). However, the AST and ALT levels did not significantly differ between the immune tolerance group and operative control group (both P > 0.05). In the liver tissues of rats in each group, the expression levels of Th1 cytokines IFN-γ and IL-2 in the short-term group were significantly higher than those in the operative control group (both P < 0.05). The expression level of Th2 cytokine IL-4 in the immune tolerance group was significantly lower than that in the operative control group (P < 0.05). The expression levels of Th2 cytokines IL-5, IL-6 and IL-13 in the short-term group were significantly lower than those in the operative control group (all P < 0.05). The expression level of IL-17A in the immune tolerance group was significantly higher than that in the operative control group (P < 0.05). In the immune tolerance group, the expression levels of IL-10and IL-12p were significantly higher than those in the operative control group (both P < 0.05). The expression level of TGF-β in the short-term group was significantly higher than that in the operative control group (P < 0.05). Compared with the operative control group, the expression levels of intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM)-1, pro-platelet basic protein (Ppbp), Neuropilin-2, Notch-2 protein in the short-term group were significantly up-regulated (all P < 0.05). The expression levels of CXC chemokine ligand 17 (CXCL17), ICAM-1 and Neuroleptin-2 protein were markedly up-regulated (all P < 0.05), whereas that of B7-1 protein was significantly down-regulated (P < 0.05) in the immune tolerance group. Conclusions Treg cytokines (IL-10, TGF-β and IL-12p), IL-6, IL-17 and trans-membrane signaling pathway molecules (ICAM-1, Neuropilin-2, B7-1 proteins) play a pivotal role in the natural immune tolerance process of rat models of liver transplantation.

Immutol induces immune tolerance of cardiac grafts in rat models / 器官移植

Objective To investigate the effect of Immutol on inducing the immune tolerance of cardiac grafts in rat models. Methods A rat model of heterotopic abdominal heart transplantation was established. The recipient rats were divided into 5 groups: blank control group (n=6); dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) group (n=6), in which DMSO was administered until the cardiac graft arrest; Immutol group (n=6), in which Immutol was administered until the cardiac graft arrest; ciclosporin (CsA) group (n=10), in which CsA was administered for 20 d; combined group (n=13), in which Immutol was given for 60 d combined with CsA for 20 d. The survival time and pathological changes of cardiac grafts in each group were observed. The contents of serum interleukin (IL)-10 and interferon (IFN)-γ were detected. The expression levels of indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase (IDO) and fibrinogen-like protein 2(Fgl2) messenger RNA(mRNA) in heart tissues of rats in each group were measured. Results In the combined group, the cardiac grafts survived for >180 d and immune tolerance was induced. The pathological score of cardiac grafts in the combined group was significantly lower than that in the CsA group at postoperative 39 d (P < 0.05). The levels of serum IL-10 and IFN-γ in the combined group were significantly higher than those in the CsA group at 9 d and 39 d after operation (both P < 0.05). The content of serum IL-10 and IFN-γ in the combined group were gradually increased over time. At postoperative 39 d, the expression levels of IDO and Fgl2 mRNA in the combined group were significantly higher than those in the CsA group (both P < 0.05). The expression level of IDO mRNA in the combined group tended to gradually elevate after operation. In the combined group, the expression level of Fgl2 mRNA at postoperative 180 d was significantly higher than those at 9 d and 39 d after operation (both P < 0.05). Conclusions Combined administration of Immutol and CsA can effectively inhibit the incidence of acute rejection, and maintain the long-term survival of the cardiac grafts and induce immune tolerance after drug withdrawal.

A method for efficient transduction of miR-483-5p in the kidney of mice / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To establish a method for gene delivery in murine renal tissue using lentivirus vector encoding miR-483-5p.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Thirty-five C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into control group, low-dose treatment group (5 µL each kidney) , and high?dose treatment group (20 µL each kidney), and in the latter two groups, the lentivirus vector encoding miR-483-5p were injected in the renal cortex. The tissue samples were collected at 7 and 21 days after the injection. A transgenic mouse model with inducible systemic overexpression of miR-483-5p was established in TG483 mice. The Cre-loxp system was used to create a mouse model with renal tubule-specific expression of miR-483-5p. The levels of BUN in the mice were detected and HE staining and fluorometric TUNEL assay were used to observe the morphological changes of the kidneys; real-time qPCR was used to detect miR-483-5p expression in the renal cortex.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The mice with overexpression of miR-483-5p had normal renal function without obvious pathological changes or apoptosis in the renal tissue. Renal cortex injection of 20 µL lentivirus resulted in obviously increased level of miR-483-5p at 21 days (1.2∓0.43 vs 8.6∓1.09, P<0.001). miR-483-5p showed a low expression (0.9∓0.09 vs 1.7∓0.19, P<0.05) in TG483 mice and a high expression in the kidney of the transgenic mice established using the Cre-loxp system (1.6∓1.13 vs 12.36∓3.89, P<0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The transgenic mice with renal tubule-specific expression of miR-483-5p show normal renal function, and this model facilitates further study of the role of miR-483-5p in the kidney.</p>

Estradiol significantly increases the expression of antioxidant enzymes in osteoporotic rats and osteoblasts in vitro / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effect of estradiol on the expression of antioxidant enzymes in osteoblasts and its role in postmenopausal osteoporosis.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Rat models of osteoporosis established by ovariectomy were treated with estradiol for 3 months, and the changes in serum levels of reactive oxygen species (HO) and antioxidant enzymes (γ -GCS, GSH-ST and GSH-px) were detected. The effects of estradiol on the expression of γ -GCS mRNA and protein in osteoblast-like cells MC3T3-E1, MG63 and OB were examined with PCR and Western blotting. Using a mRNA microarray, we analyzed the changes in the expressions of 84 antioxidant enzymes in the osteoblast cell line MC3T3-E1 following estradiol treatment, and the enzymes with significant changes were verified by PCR. CCK-8 kit was used to evaluate the effect of estradiol and antioxidant NAC on the proliferation of MC3T3-E1 cells.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Rat models of osteoporosis were successfully established with ovariectomy. The osteoporotic rats showed significantly increased serum level of reactive oxygen species (H2O2) and decreased levels of antioxidant enzymes. Estrogen treatment of the osteoporotic rats obviously reversed the phenotype of osteoporosis, lowered serum level of reactive oxygen species, and increased the level of γ -GCS. In MC3T3-E1, MG63 and OB cells, estradiol treatment significantly upregulated the expression levels of γ -GCS mRNA and protein. In MC3T3-E1 cells treated with estrogen, the mRNA chip identified 6 upregulated antioxidant enzymes (Gpx6, Gstk1, Nos2, Prdx2, Ngb and Ccs), and the results of PCR verified that estradiol upregulated Ccs and Ngb mRNAs in MC3T3-E1, MG63 and OB cells. Estradiol and antioxidant NAC obviously promoted the proliferation of MC3T3-E1 cells.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Estradiol significantly increases the expression of antioxidase γ -Gcs, Ccs and Ngb in osteoblasts in vitro. Postmenopausal osteoporosis is closely related with the increase of reactive oxygen species and the decrease of antioxidant levels. In osteoblasts, estrogen deficiency may increase the level of reactive oxygen species, decrease the level of antioxidant enzymes, activate the oxidative stress cascade, and consequently inhibit the proliferation of osteoblasts to aggravate the condition of osteoporosis.</p>

A study on the clinical effects of auxiliary exercise instrument combined with systematic activity for preventing postoperative DVT of artificial joint replacement / 中国医学装备

Objective: To observe the clinical effects of the combination of auxiliary exercise instrument and systematic activity for preventing the formation of postoperative deep venous thrombosis (DVT) of artificial joint replacement. Methods: 217 patients who once underwent replacements of hip joint and knee joint were randomly divided into 3 groups as random method. The patients of A group (72 cases) received auxiliary exercise instrument, and those of B group (73 cases) received systematic activity, and those of C group(72 cases) received combinative treatment of auxiliary exercise instrument and systematic activity. And all of these patients received corresponding nursing scheme to prevent postoperative DVT of artificial joint replacement, respectively. And the symptoms of them at pre-operation and 12d of post-operation were observed, respectively, and the changes of plasma D- dimer(D-D), prothrombin time activity percentage (PTA), fibrinogen (FB), activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), prothrombin time (PT) and international normalized ratio (INR) also were detected and compared. Results: At the postoperative 1st d, 3th d, 7th d, 12th d, the limb diameter above ankle at 5 cm of patients of C group was significantly less than that of other two group (F=4.066, F=4.256, F=3.452, F=4.678, P<0.05), respectively. However the differences of limb diameter above patella at 10cm of patients among three groups were no significant. And surface temperature above ankle at 5 cm of the C group at 1st d, 3th d, 7th d and 12d were significantly lower than those of other two groups (F=4.659, F=4.325, F=3.196, F=4.754, P<0.05), respectively. And the numbers of gastrocnemius Neuhof symptom and gastrocnemius Homans symptom of C group were significantly lower than that of other two groups (x2=13.317, x2=8.517, P<0.05), respectively. At the 7th d, the plasma D-D of C group was significantly lower than other two groups (F=5.063, P<0.05), while the differences of other plasma indicators among the three groups were no significant. Conclusions: Auxiliary exercise instrument combined with systematic activity has better therapeutic effect for preventing postoperative DVT of artificial joint replacement and it is worthy to be popularized in clinical practice.

Related Factors of Rehabilitation Needs of People with Disabilities in Jiangsu,China / 中国康复理论与实践

Objective To explore the rehabilitation needs of people with disabilities and the related factors,so as to provide a scien-tific basis for the rehabilitation policy-making for people with disabilities. Methods From June,2014 to July,2015,based on the national special survey of basic services and needs of people with disabilities in Jiangsu,China,this paper clarified the factors related with the rehabilitation needs of the disabled into the individual characteristics, economic characteristics, environmental characteristics and so on by the de-scriptive statistics method. The Logit model was established to explore the factors related with rehabilitation needs. Results In Jiangsu,43% people with disabilities aged 16 and above had rehabilitation needs.Contingency table analysis and Chi square test showed that individual characteristics,economic characteristics and environmental character-istics had significant impact on the rehabilitation needs of the disabled.Multiple regression analysis showed that all the 18 variables were the significant related factors. Conclusion In order to meet the rehabilitation needs of the disabled, the refined and precise rehabilitation program should be designed in line with the different characteristics of the disabled.Through the effective docking of sup-plies and needs,we can provide accurate rehabilitation services for the disabled.

Rictor/mTORC2 regulates blood-testis barrier and spermatogenesis in mice / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the role of Rictor/mTORC2 in the formation of blood testis barrier (BTB), testicular development, and spermatogenesis.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Amh Cre positive mice homozygous for rictor loxP with Sertoli cell specific deletion of rictor were obtained by cross breeding Amh Cre mice with rictor loxP mice. The histology of the reproductive organs, seminiferous tubules and epididymis of the transgenic mice was observed with HE staining. The cell subgroups of the germ cells in the seminiferous tubule were detected by flow cytometry with propidium iodide labeling. The expression levels of Ki 67 and separase were detected with immunofluorescence assay, and the expression levels of BTB associated proteins were detected with immunofluorescence and Western blotting.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Compared with the control (Amh Cre, rictoror rictor) mice, the mice with Sertoli cell specific rictor deletion showed significantly decreased testicular weight and epididymis weight (P<0.05), significantly increased diploid cells (P<0.01), and decreased haploid cells (P<0.01) but comparable tetraploid cells and similar expression levels of Ki 67 and separase. The mice with rictor knockout also showed aberrant localization of BTB associated proteins, which were scattered over the whole seminiferous epithelium, but the expression levels of the protein remained stable.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Rictor in testicular Sertoli cells is essential for maintaining BTB integrity and function and ensuring normal spermatogenesis in mice.</p>

Docosahexaenoic acid inhibits aflatoxin B1-induced migration and invasion in hepatocellular carcinoma cells in vitro / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effect of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) on invasiveness of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1)-induced hepatocellular carcinoma cells in vitro.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>HepG2.2.15 cells were exposed to different concentrations of AFB1 and DHA plus AFB1. The cell migration and invasion were assessed using wound-healing and Transwell assay, and flow cytometry was used to analyze the cell cycle changes. The ultrastructural changes of the cells were observed by transmission electron microscopy.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Compared with the control group, the cells exposed to2 µmol/L AFB1 showed obviously enhanced migration and invasion with decreased cell ratio in G1/G1 phase and increased cell ratio in G2/M phase but no changes in S phase cells; transmission electron microscopy revealed the presence of multiple nucleoli and significantly increased mitochondria and Golgi apparatus in the exposed cells. Compared with AFB1-exposed cells, the cells treated with DHA and AFB1 showed decreased migration and invasion abilities, and the G1/G1 phase cells increased and G2/M phase cells decreased significantly; ultrastructurally, the cells contained single nucleoli with decreased mitochondria and vacuolization occurred in the cytoplasm.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>DHA can significantly inhibit AFB1-induced enhancement of cell migration and invasion in hepatocellular carcinoma cells in vitro.</p>

Meta analysis of therapeutic effects on patients with ABO-incompatibility liver transplantation / 器官移植

Objective To systematic evaluation the therapeutic effects on patients with ABO-incompatibility liver transplantation (ILT),and compare the curative effect with ABO-compatible liver transplantation (CLT). Methods The literatures of comparison in clinical efficacy between ILT and CLT were collected at home and abroad by computer search in PubMed database,Embase database,Cochrane database,Medline database,Web of science database,CNKI,Wanfang database,VIP database,et al,and the quality of literatures were accessed. Meta analysis was carried out by fixed effect model and random effect model with RevMan5.3 software. Results A total of 18 papers were included. The results of Meta analysis showed that there was no significant difference in the survival rates of recipient between ILT group and CLT group at 1 ,3 and 5 years after operation (all P>0.05 ). Compared with CLT group,the survival rates of grafts were significantly decreased in ILT group at 1 ,3 and 5 years after operation,and the difference was statistically significant (all P<0.05 ). The incidences of postoperative biliary complication and acute rejection in ILT group were significantly higher than those in CLT group,the difference was statistically significant (both P<0.05 ). Conclusions Compared with CLT, the curative effect of ILT is weaker but still can be used as a new choice for critical condition of the recipient or waiting for the donor liver for a long time.

Effect of metformin on apoptosis of renal cell carcinoma cells in vitro and its mechanisms / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the effect of metformin on the apoptosis of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) cells in vitro and its mechanisms.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Fluorescent microscopy and flow cytometry were used to examine the changes in the apoptosis of 786-O cells after metformin treatment. The possible signaling molecules involved in this process were analyzed by immunoblot analysis of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling and caspase 9.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Metformin induced apoptosis and caspase 9 activation in 786-O cells in low-serum medium but not in normal-serum medium. Metformin also induced AMPK activation in 786-O cells, but this activation was not associated with the cell proliferation inhibition or apoptosis-inducing effect of metformin.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Metformin can induce apoptosis of RCC cells in vitro, suggesting its potential as a therapeutic agent for RCC.</p>

Role of connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) in proliferation and migration of pancreatic cancer cells / 中华肿瘤杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the expression of connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) in pancreatic cancer and its influence on the proliferation and migration of cancer cells.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The expression of CTGF in pancreatic cell line PANC-1 cells was analyzed by real-time PCR and in pancreatic carcinoma (50 cases) tissues by immunohistochemistry. The ability of proliferation and migration in vitro of PANC-1 cells was tested by MTT assay, scratch test and Boyden chamber test after the CTGF gene was overexpressed by Ad5-CTGF or silenced with Ad5-siCTGF transfection.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>CTGF was overexpressed in both pancreatic cancer cells and tissues. Overxpression of CTGF leads to increased proliferation and migration of PANC-1 cells. The CTGF-transfected PANC-1 cells showed apparent stronger proliferation ability and scratch-repair ability than that of empty vector controls. The results of Boyden chamber test showed that there were 34 cells/field (200× magnificantion) of the CTGF-transfected overexpressing cells, much more than the 11 cells/field of the empty vector control cells; and 6 cells/microscopic field of the Ad5-siCTGF-transfected silenced cells, much less than the 15 cells/field of the control cells.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>CTGF is overexpressed in both pancreatic cancer cells in vitro and in vivo, indicating that it may play an important role in the cell proliferation and migration in pancreatic cancer.</p>

Simultaneous pancreas-kidney transplantation in a single center: 10-year retrospective analysis / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Simultaneous pancreas-kidney transplantation (SPKT) is the best treatment option for diabetic patients with advanced chronic renal failure. The current study aimed to analyze the surgical indications, treatments and prognosis of SPKT.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>We retrospectively analyzed 40 cases of SPKT performed between December 1999 and January 2010 in our center, including the survival rate, complications and the reasons of reoperation.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Of all the 40 SPKT cases, the one-year survival rates of the recipients, kidney and pancreas transplant graft were 97.6%, 97.6% and 92.7%, while 97.6%, 91.1%, 92.7% at 3 years and 83.6%, 78.0%, 79.4% at 5 years, respectively. After SPKT, 10 patients need reoperation because of surgical complications (14 operations). The reoperation rate was 25%, including 2 patients (4 operations) with hematuria, 4 patients with abdominal hemorrhage, 2 patients (3 operations) with abdominal infection, 1 patient with pancreatic venous thrombosis, 1 patient with anastomotic leakage, and 1 patient with fistula.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Although SPKT provides a successful and effective treatment for diabetics with end-stage renal disease, how to reduce the complications of this treatment still need further effort.</p>

A study on the relationship between metabolic syndrome and anterior cerebral infarction / 中华内科杂志

Objective To study the relationship between metabolic syndrome (MS) and anterior circulation infarction (ACI). Methods 271 ACI patients (166 men and 105 women) who fulfilled the diagnostic criteria of China Guideline for Cerebrovascular Disease Prevention and Treatment were enrolled. 147 control subjects (67 men and 80 women) without the clinical signs of cerebral infarction but with detailed case history, physical examination and CT or MRI were also selected. The prevalence and risk of MS were observed in the ACI and control group. MS was defined with the modified criteria in Chinese. Results The prevalence of MS in the ACI group and control subjects was respectively 43.17% and 19.05%. The prevalence of MS was significantly higher in the ACI group as compared with the control subjects (P<0.01). The component level of MS were significandy different between the two groups (P< 0.05). MS was associated with a 3.7 fold higher risk of ACI (P<0.01). Conclusions There is a close relationship between MS and ACI. MS is an important risk factor of ACI.

Results of functional management of condylar fracture in 3 to 16 years old children / 中华口腔医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effect of soft occlusal splint in the treatment of condylar fracture in children and adolescents.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Twenty-three children with condylar fracture aged from 3 to 16 were included in this study. Impressions of both jaws were taken and stone working models poured. After occlusion was recovered by mounting on a bionic articulator, a soft occlusal splint was fabricated. The occlusal splint was worn for 1 to 3 months accompanied with functional exercise. Follow-up was carried out by clinical observation and panoramic image.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Clinical satisfactory results were obtained in all the patients with good occlusion, unimpaired function and normal growth and development of the mandibles. Panoramic image showed reconstruction of the fractured condyles, which were flattened and short.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Soft occlusal splint is a promising approach for treating condylar fracture in children.</p>

The effect of the different immunosuppression therapy on CD4(+)Foxp3(+) Treg cells in kidney recipients / 中华外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effect of the different immunosuppression therapy on CD4(+)Foxp3(+)regulatory T cells (CD4(+)Foxp3(+)Treg cells) in the peripheral blood monocytes of kidney transplantation recipients.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A Closed Cohort study was conducted in 50 primary living kidney transplant recipients between January 2006 and January 2008, who had been followed up for 1 year. The recipients divided into calcineurin inhibitors group (CNI + MMF + Pred) (19 recipients, including cyclosporin group 10 recipients and tacrolimus group 9 recipients), rapamycin group (RAPA + MMF + Pred) (31 recipients). Twenty end-stage renal disease patients were in control group. The frequency of CD4(+)Foxp3(+)Treg cells in total CD4(+)T cells was analyzed by flow cytometry in peripheral blood from three groups, results were compared.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The clinical variables of recipients such as age, sex, cold ischemia time, human leucocyte antigen mismatch, panel reaction antibody, rejection episode were no significant difference. The percentage of CD4(+)Foxp3(+)Treg cells in total CD4(+) cells was significantly higher in rapamycin group and end-stage renal disease group than calcineurin inhibitors group (P < 0.01). The level of CD4(+)Foxp3(+)Treg cells between cyclosporin group and tacrolimus group was no significant difference (P > 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The level of CD4(+)Foxp3(+)Treg was significantly higher in patients receiving RAPA + MMF + Pred than the patients receiving CNI + MMF + Pred, which suggested that RAPA may be play a more important role in immune tolerance induction.</p>

Discovery of an animal's plague and disposal of prevalent area in Dingbian County of Shaanxi Province / 中国地方病学杂志

Objective To analyze the outcome of the epidemiological investigation on an animal plague in Dingbian County of Shaanxi Province.Methods The region of 25 square kiolmeters(km2)in Hongliugou Town was selected as monitoring point of plague to investigate on host animals,etiology and serology.The epidemic area was classified,deratization and depulization were correspondingly adopted.Health education was carried out for prevention knowledge of plague,and questionnaire survey was conducted among residents and medical staff in the epidemic area.Result The average rat density in monitoring site was 8.38 rats per hectare in Hongliugou Town.Average rate infected with flea and flea index were 50.4%(56/111)and 1.81,respectively.The epidemic area was classified 3 types,and came up to the demand after corresponding measures adopted.In the epidemic area,the pass rate of the prevention and control knowledge were 62.00%(31/50)in residents and 92.98%(53/57) in medical staff.Conclusions Plague epizootic can be discovered by exercising regular monitoring and controlledimmed iately and effectively by taking the appropriate control measures.

Phospholipase Cγ1 and NF-κB are required for cell-matrix adhesion of colorectal cancer cells / 第二军医大学学报

Objective: To investigate the function and mechanism of phospholipase Cγ1 (PLCγ1) in cell-matrix adhesion in colorectal cancer. Methods: Highly metastatic colorectal cancer cell line LoVo and lowly metastatic colorectal cancer cell line SW480 were subjected to cell-matrix adhesion assay. U73122 (a specific inhibitor of PLC) and pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate (PDTC) (an inhibitor of NF-κB) were used to study the effect of PLCγ1 and NF-κB on cell-matrix adhesion. Furthermore, Western blot and gel electrophoresis mobility shift assay (EMSA) were performed to detect the mechanism of PLCγ1 in colorectal cancer cell adhesion to matrix. Results: Inhibition of PLCγ1 or NF-κB resulted in reduction of cell-matrix adhesion in a dose-dependent manner in LoVo cells(P<0.05), but had no marked effect on SW480 cells. Western blot analysis showed that epidermal growth factor (EGF) stimulated the phosphorylation of PLCγ1 in LoVo. The results of EMSA indicated that inhibition of PLCγ1 signaling pathway also down-regulated the activity of NF-κB while EGF reversed the function. Conclusion:These data suggest that PLCγ1 plays a pivotal role in the EGF-induced cell-matrix adhesion of highly metastatic colorectal cancer cells and that NF-κB is also functional in this signaling pathway.