ABSTRACT
The present study compared the appearance and chemical composition of fruits of Perilla frutescens var. arguta(PFA) and P. frutescens var. frutescens(PFF). VHX-6000 3 D depth of field synthesis technology was applied for the appearance observation. The metabolites were qualitatively and quantitatively analyzed by pre-column derivatization combined with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS). Finally, cluster analysis(CA), principal component analysis(PCA), and orthogonal partial least-squares discriminant analysis(OPLS-DA) were applied for exploring the differences in their chemical compositions. The results indicated that the size and color of PFA and PFF fruits were different. PFF fruits were significantly larger than PFA fruits. The surface color of PFA fruits was brown, while PFF fruits were in multiple colors, such as white, grayish-white, and brown. Amino acids, saccharides, organic acids, fatty acids, and phenolic acids were identified in PFA and PFF fruits. The results of CA, PCA, and OPLS-DA indicated significant differences in the content of components between PFA and PFF fruits. Three metabolites, including D-glucose, rosmarinic acid, and D-fructose, which were significantly higher in PFA fruits than in PFF fruits, were screened out as differential metabolites. Considering the regulation on the content of rosmarinic acid in Perillae Fructus in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia(2020 edition), the medicinal value of PFA fruits is higher than that of PFF. In conclusion, there are differences in appearance and chemical composition between PFA fruits and PFF fruits. These results are expected to provide fundamental data for specifying plant source and quality control of Perillae Fructus.
Subject(s)
Fatty Acids , Fruit , Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry , Perilla frutescens , Plant ExtractsABSTRACT
Objective: To analyze the quality of medicinal parts of Trichosanthes kirilowii from different populations and to establish a new method to evaluate the medicinal material quality. Methods: Contents of protein, flavonoids, and polysaccharide were analyzed by AA3 Continuous Flow, ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometry, and sulfuric acid-phenol. The 3, 29-dibenzoyl rarounitriol (3, 29-DR) content in Trichosanthis Semen and the cucurbitacin bcontent in Trichosanthis Radix were determined by RP-HPLC. In addition, the quality of medicinal materials was evaluated by the principal components analysis (PCA) and cluster analysis. Results: The quality of Trichosanthis Semen was the best in T. kirilowii from Henan Anyang-Liyuan with highest contents of 3, 29-DR and protein; Shanxi Jiang County T. kirilowii can be better used as Trichosanthis Pericarpium with higher contents of protein and polysaccharide; T. kirilowii from Anhui Yuexi-Heidapian could be regarded as Trichosanthis Radix for cultivating, because of higher protein content, lower starch content, and medium cucurbitacin bcontent. Conclusion: The PCA and cluster analysis are effective in evaluating the medicinal material quality. The newly established model will bring the significant benefits for evaluating the quality of T. kirilowii.